小波变换在遥感图像压缩中的应用

基于遥感数据的大信息量、大容量和越来越高的分辨率对图像的存储和传输提出的更高要求,有效的图像压缩就显的特别重要。在综合比较了各种压缩编码算法的基础上,结合遥感图像本身的特点和对小波变换性质的深入分析,选择了基于小波变换的遥图像压缩方法。     

遥感图像像素级融合算法比较

详细介绍了像素级图像融合的原理以及方法,着重分析了目前常用的像素级图像融合的方法,通过实验分析了各种不同融合方法的优缺点,详细的说明了PCA变换、HIS变换、加权平均方法的优缺点,证明了PCA变换是一种应用比较广泛的融合方法。     

TIME-DOMAIN ANALYSIS OF LINEAR HYSTERETIC DAMPING

Two linear-hysteretic-damping models that provide energy dissipation independent of the deformation frequency, are studied in this paper: a hysteretic Kelvin element and a hysteretic Maxwell element. Both models use the Hilbert transform and yield integro–differential equations for the equations of motion of structures when real-valued signals are utilized in the formulation. It is shown that the use of analytic (complex-valued) signals allows the transformation of these integro–differential equations into differential equations with analytic input signals and complex-valued coefficients. These differential equations show both stable and unstable poles. A technique for the solution of these differential equations is presented; it consists of a conventional modal decomposition of the state-space equations and the integration of the differential equations forward in time for the modal co-ordinates associated with stable poles, and backwards in time for the modal co-ordinates associated with unstable poles. Some numerical examples are presented to illustrate the characteristics of the models and the proposed analysis technique.     

The axisymmetric consolidation of a semi‐infinite transversely isotropic saturated soil

This paper presents an exact analytical solution to fully coupled axisymmetric consolidation of a semi‐infinite, transversely isotropic saturated soil subjected to a uniform circular loading at the ground surface. The analysis is under the framework of Biot's general theory of consolidation. First, the governing equations of consolidation are transformed into a set of equivalent partial differential equations with the introduction of two auxiliary variables. These partial differential equations are then solved using Hankel–Laplace integral transforms. Once solutions in the transformed domain have been obtained, the actual solutions in the physical domain for displacements and stress components of the solid matrix, pore‐water pressure and fluid discharge can be finally obtained by direct numerical inversion. The accuracy of the numerical solutions developed is confirmed by comparison with an existing exact solution for an isotropic and saturated soil that is a special case of the more general problem addressed. Numerical analyses are also presented to investigate the influence of the degree of material anisotropy on the consolidation settlement. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

STUDY ON INTER-DECADAL AND INTER-ANNUAL VARIABILITY OF SST IN THE TROPICAL OCEANS

Based on rotational empirical orthogonal function(REOF),max-entropy and Mexico-hatwavelet transform techniques,monthly SSTA of the tropical Pacific,Atlantic and Indian Oceans(32.5°S—32. 5°N)is investigated.It is shown that the inter-decadal variability and inter-annualvariability take on global scale,and there exist their own significance areas.Moreover,throughthe total time series,the intensity of the variabilities is time-variable.And in fact,both thevariabilities are usually coexistent.In significance areas of each of the variabilities,anothervariability is sometimes quite strong.     

高精度广义KL变换波场分离与去噪

KL滤波是地震数据处理中的重要方法技术之一。针对在实际中如何有效地应用好KL变换的问题，结合有效波同相轴高精度拾取和排齐技术，采用奇异值分解（SVD）算法实现KL变换，使KL滤波适用于任意弯曲同相轴的分离与消除。理论模型计算和实际资料处理试验表明，使甬该方法能有效地分离相干噪声和随机噪声，提高地震记录的信噪比，简单实用．便于操作。     

Colliding Blast Waves Driven by the Interaction of a Short-Pulse Laser with a Gas of Atomic Clusters

Collisions between shocks are commonly found in many astrophysical objects, however robust numerical models or laboratory analogues of these complex systems remain challenging to implement. We report on the development of scaled laboratory experiments which employ new techniques for launching and diagnosing colliding shocks and high Mach number blast waves, scalable to a limited subset of astrophysically-relevant regimes. Use of an extended medium of atomic clusters enables efficient (>80%) coupling of 700 fs, 1 J, 1054 nm laser pulses to a “cluster” gas with an average density of ≈10¹⁹ particles cm⁻³, producing an initial energy density >10⁵ J cm⁻³, equivalent to ≈5×10⁹ J/g. Multiple laser foci are used to tailor the spatial profile of energy deposition, or to launch pairs of counter-propagating cylindrical shocks which then collide. By probing the collision interferometrically at multiple view angles in 5^{^} increments and applying an inverse Radon transform to the resulting phase projections we have been able to tomographicall reconstruct the full three-dimensional, time-framed electron density profile of the system.     

A fast converging and anti-aliasing algorithm for Green's functions in terms of spherical or cylindrical harmonics

Geophysical observables are generally related to earth structure and source parameters in a complicated non-linear way. Consequently, a large number of forward modelling processes are commonly necessary to obtain a satisfactory estimate of such parameters from observed data. The most time-consuming part of the forward modelling is the computation of the Green's functions of the different earth models to be tested. In this study, we present a fast converging algorithm: the differential transform method for the computation of Green's functions in terms of spherical or cylindrical harmonics. In this method, a deconvolutable high-pass filter is used to enhance the numerical significance of the far-field spectrum of Green's functions. Compared with existing fast converging algorithms such as the Kummer's transformation and the disc factor method, the differential transform method is more efficient except for the extremely near-source region. The new method can be used to suppress numerical phases (non-physical seismic signals) associated with the aliasing effect that may arise in synthetic seismograms when the latter are computed from a windowed wavenumber (or slowness) spectrum. The numerical efficiency of the new method is demonstrated via two representative tests.     

Mapping Paleo‐Fire Boundaries from Binary Point Data: Comparing Interpolation Methods

Fire history studies have traditionally emphasized temporal rather than spatial properties of paleo‐fire regimes. In this study we compare four methods of mapping paleo‐fires in central Washington from binary point data: indicator kriging, inverse distance weighting, Thiessen polygons, and an expert approach. We evaluate the results of each mapping method using a test (validation) dataset and receiver operating characteristic plots. Interpolation methods perform well, but results vary with fire size and spatial pattern of points. Though all methods involve some subjectivity, automated interpolation methods perform well, are replicable, and can be applied across varying landscapes.