海洋磁力测量中不同小波母函数的阈值消噪方法性能分析

首先介绍了小波阈值消噪的基本原理,认为小波阈值消噪的性能受三方面因素的影响:(1)小波母函数的选择;(2)阈值方法的选择;(3)阈值函数的选择.为了寻找小波母函数、阈值估计和阈值函数的最优组合,文中以实测海洋磁力测量数据为背景,采用小波阈值法进行消噪,把得到的磁异常值作为"真值".仿真了波浪噪声和随机噪声并加入到"真值"磁异常中,作为噪声磁异常.在此基础上采用两种小波族系(Symlets,Daubechies)、四种阈值选取方法和软、硬阈值函数对噪声磁异常进行了基于小波变换的消噪计算,客观分析了不同组合方法的消噪精度和可靠性.实际计算结果表明:对磁异常突变点较多且分布杂乱的测线进行消噪,Sym6、软阈值函数、混合阈值或基于Stein无偏似然估计消噪效果最好;对磁异常突变点少且大部分光滑的测线进行消噪,db7、基于Stein无偏似然估计和软阈值函数的消噪效果最好.     

信号快速带通滤波方法在海洋信号分析中的应用

借助于离散"解析"信号提出了一种对信号进行快速滤波的方法.与传统方法比较,手续简单,快速有效,尤其适用复杂多变的海洋长信号的滤波.以2个典型信号的带通滤波为例,验证了快速滤波方法的有效性,2个复杂海洋信号的滤波结果表明,此滤波方法在海洋信号分析中有应用意义.     

基于小波变换和高斯函数的影像去噪方法研究

提出了小波变换与高斯函数相结合进行影像去噪的方法,在去除高斯白噪声的同时能够有效去除椒盐噪声。此方法是在小波域内结合小波变换的特点对高频子带分别进行高斯低通滤波,将滤波后的小波系数经过反变换后即可得到经过去噪后的影像。实验表明该方法不仅对高斯噪声和椒盐噪声去噪效果明显,而且保留了影像的细节信息,其滤波效果优于中值滤波和小波软阈值法。     

Propagation of internal waves up continental slope and shelf

In a two-dimensional and linear framework, a transformation was developed to derive eigensolutions of internal waves over a subcritical hyperbolic slope and to approximate the continental slope and shelf. The transformation converts a hyperbolic slope in physical space into a flat bottom in transform space while the governing equations of internal waves remain hyperbolic. The eigensolutions are further used to study the evolution of linear internal waves as it propagates to subcritical continental slope and shelf. The stream function, velocity, and vertical shear of velocity induced by internal wave at the hyperbolic slope are analytically expressed by superposition of the obtained eigensolutions. The velocity and velocity shear increase as the internal wave propagates to a hyperbolic slope. They become very large especially when the slope of internal wave rays approaches the topographic slope, which is consistent with the previous studies.     

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虚谱法求解波动方程的算法改进

虚谱法利用付里叶变换和有限差分求解波动方程 ,是地震波场正演模拟的重要方法之一 ,但其常规算法运算量大 ,运算时间长。为此 ,我们在常规算法的基础上作了些改进 ,主要是提出了反付里叶变换的快速算法 ,并运用正反付里叶变换的快速算法和避免重复运算等手段 ,使运算量大大减少 ,可节省运算时间三倍多     

海域航空重力快速构建区域大地水准面

我国在海域开展了大规模的航空重力勘探,这些资料对构建高精度大地水准面具有重要价值.基于此,本文提出一种利用海域航空重力测量数据快速构建大地水准面的方法.该方法基于移去-恢复法思想,利用位场最小曲率方法对航空重力数据进行高精度向下延拓并获取相应的扰动位,实现航空重力测量快速构建海域大地水准面.与斯托克斯积分计算相比,采用...     

Two-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of simulated spatial images of waves on a slowly varying topography

The wavelet transform (WT) is now recognized as a useful, flexible, and efficient technique to analyze intermittent, non-stationary and inhomogeneous signals as well as images which are obtained from experimental or in situ measurements. In this study, the two-dimensional continuous wavelet transform (2-D CWT) was introduced to analyze the spatial image of waves. The numerical algorithm of 2-D CWT was developed and testified in simulated wave field of regular and random waves. Some more simulated wave fields of various wave conditions and sea bed slopes were then assumed to verify the analytical accuracy of this new technique. The comparisons of estimations to theoretical values for several wave parameters show that the 2-D CWT is capable of identifying the directional spectra and wave properties in shallow water.     

北极涛动对河南省降水的可能影响

采用连续小波变换和交叉小波变换方法,分析了北极涛动指数和河南省月降水距平序列的时频变化特征,并讨论了近50多年来北极涛动对河南省降水的可能影响.结果表明,北极涛动指数和河南省降水距平序列中都存在着不同时间尺度的周期振荡,且时域中的分布特征和振荡强度也不尽相同;两者之间在6～8 a、12～16 a和25 a以上尺度的周期振荡呈正相关,而在9～11 a和16～24 a尺度上表现为负相关关系.     

The axisymmetric consolidation of a semi‐infinite transversely isotropic saturated soil

This paper presents an exact analytical solution to fully coupled axisymmetric consolidation of a semi‐infinite, transversely isotropic saturated soil subjected to a uniform circular loading at the ground surface. The analysis is under the framework of Biot's general theory of consolidation. First, the governing equations of consolidation are transformed into a set of equivalent partial differential equations with the introduction of two auxiliary variables. These partial differential equations are then solved using Hankel–Laplace integral transforms. Once solutions in the transformed domain have been obtained, the actual solutions in the physical domain for displacements and stress components of the solid matrix, pore‐water pressure and fluid discharge can be finally obtained by direct numerical inversion. The accuracy of the numerical solutions developed is confirmed by comparison with an existing exact solution for an isotropic and saturated soil that is a special case of the more general problem addressed. Numerical analyses are also presented to investigate the influence of the degree of material anisotropy on the consolidation settlement. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.