黔北新仁地区上二叠统龙潭组煤质地球化学特征及聚煤规律

根据黔北新仁地区上二叠统龙潭组煤样的主量元素、微量元素、工业分析、硫分及灰分分析数据,评价了该地区晚二叠世煤的总体煤质特征;在此基础上重点探讨了煤中硫分和灰分与成煤环境的联系。结果表明,黔北新仁地区上二叠统龙潭组煤中SiO2、TiO2、K2O含量较高,其中SiO2是全国煤的6倍,TiO2是全国煤的7倍,K2O是全国煤的10倍;其余氧化物含量均是全国煤的1~4倍。新仁地区上二叠统龙潭组中煤的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线除样品PM403-MY3、MY8以外,其他各煤样稀土元素分布模式相似,整体上呈左高右低的宽缓的“V”型曲线,（La/Yb）N为5.27~18.34,均值为8.91,表明轻重稀土元素分馏程度高的特征;δEu为0.38~1.52,均值为0.74,具有显著的负Eu异常。新仁地区煤炭资源具有高全水分、中-高灰分、低-中高挥发分、特低和低硫分、低固定碳、低磷分、特低氯等特征。此外,煤中灰分产率、煤灰成分指数以及灰成分三端元分析均揭示聚煤环境为从陆源区水浅、水动力较强而还原性较弱的环境,向远离陆源区水深、水动力较弱而还原性较强的环境变化,与全硫分分析的结论相一致。综合分析认为,新仁地区晚二叠世聚煤规律的主控地质因素为构造运动,与峨眉山玄武岩、古气候、沉积环境等因素有关。     

内蒙古巴彦宝力格煤田赛汉塔拉组中煤层煤质特征分析

论述了内蒙古巴彦宝力格煤田赛汉塔拉组中煤层煤质特征及用途。本区煤属中灰、低硫、低磷、特低氯、低～中热值,各煤层煤类以长焰煤为主,有少量褐煤。煤中有害成分低,发热量较高,是良好的民用及动力用煤。用于火力发电,各种工业锅炉使用,也可在建材工业,化学工业中做焙烧材料。     

煤层层间距对比法在岩煤层对比中的应用

在煤炭地质勘查中,对各勘查工程所揭露的各煤层进行编号,通常采用煤层层间距,岩、煤层自身特征其及组合关系、标志层、生物化石、测井地球物理特征、地震物性特征等要素进行综合对比。其中煤层层间距对比方法是一种重要的有效对比方法。     

Investigations on the petroleum generation potential of bituminous coals from the Saar region

The Saar basin contains bituminous coals (high volatile A and B). Five coals of Westphalian and Stephanian age with distinctly varying maceral compositions were analysed by Soxhlet extraction and supercritical extraction with different solvents and microscopically. From the data obtained it is concluded that the oldest coals have a potential for oil generation, whereas the younger coals do not. This conclusion is explained by varying liptinite contents and varying adsorption capacities of different vitrinite macerals for bitumen.     

Geology of coal bearing Palaeogene sediments,onshore Torquay Basin,Victoria

New mapping at Anglesea coal mine, and coal resource and deep groundwater drilling have provided new perspectives on the economically important Eastern View Group coal bearing sedimentary succession in the onshore Torquay Basin. In the Anglesea Syncline, the upper 35 m thick brown coal seam of the Eastern View Group is overlain by a low angle unconformity. Units overlying the coal seams include high energy, cross cutting sand channels of the Boonah Formation and lower energy channel and interchannel systems of the overlying Salt Creek and Anglesea Formations. The mine section can be correlated from borehole data with the Eastern View Group and Demons Bluff Group exposed in coastal cliff sections along the adjacent Anglesea to Torquay coast. Recently drilled coal and groundwater exploration bores provide new data on the extent of the coal measures in the Anglesea area, and details of the underlying Tertiary succession that include typical Otway Basin units such as the Pember Mudstone and Pebble Point Formations. The stratigraphy below the coal measures suggests that the Otway Ranges were not present during Palaeogene times. The rank of the brown coals on and around the Otway Ranges is higher than any other Tertiary coals in onshore Victoria, and they preserve similar patterns of rank distribution to the high rank black coals in the underlying Lower Cretaceous Otway Group. Evidence for large overburden thicknesses is lacking, and the high ranks may have been augmented by higher than normal geothermal gradients in the Early Tertiary. Comparisons between the observed depositional cycles, sequence stratigraphic cycles, and worldwide coastal onlap curves suggest that the observed disconformity boundaries are sequence boundaries that provide a chronostratigraphic framework. Sequences present may include TB4.1–4.5 in the overburden units, and TB 2.4–3.6 in the coal bearing interval.     

湖南省煤的热谱特征及其研究意义

煤的热谱(DTA、DSC、TG)特征与煤的其他物化特征参数一样,是煤大分子结构特征的反映,可作为研究煤化作用的参考和无烟煤分类的辅助标志。本文介绍了湖南省不同变质程度煤的热谱特征和试验所发现的热谱曲线、峰温与煤及瓦斯突出强度、无烟煤三小类的关系,并试验证明利用热分析曲线进行煤层对比的可能性。     

21世纪高新技术与我国矿业的发展与展望

煤炭地下气化(UCG)作为变革性的采煤技术,是我国低碳高效煤炭能源结构转型方向的重要选择,也是为保障我国碳达峰、碳中和(“双碳”)目标顺利实现而可探索的潜在重要途径。通过文献调研,梳理了澳大利亚UCG技术探索历程,依据现场试验案例分析探讨了澳大利亚UCG技术探索的得失,其中的经验可为我国UCG技术发展提供借鉴。结果显示,澳大利亚UCG技术探索可追索到20世纪70年代,随后开展了长达15年的UCG现场试验,先后启动3个UCG示范工程,成功实施了迄今为止在前苏联之外最大规模的现场示范;尽管探索历程“一波三折”,但UCG技术进步显著,相关成就为全球UCG产业化努力做出了示范。澳大利亚UCG技术探索与发展历程显示：引入民间资本是支撑费用巨大的UCG技术研发及现场试验的可行途径,充分考察并借鉴全球经验可使UCG现场试验少走弯路,利用合成气生产多元化最终产品是UCG产业发展的重要方向。在工程技术方面：钻井设计及工程质量是确保UCG炉安全高效运行的关键,尤其是固井材料选择应考虑井壁受热产生的收缩膨胀性能;纯氧注入装置应设计自动跳闸系统以保证UCG生产安全,整体工程任何环节都需要严格保证气化炉及其管线密封质量,前期UCG地质评价与选址十分必要;UCG设计需要综合考虑各方面因素,确保在单炉滚动式投产基础上实现气化区炉井最佳配置。同时,系统而详细的产业政策建设是推进UCG产业化的基本保障,企业与政府主管部门事前沟通充分程度往往决定着UCG项目的成败。

     

Current Research Status and Prospect of Tectonically Deformed Coal

A number of studies have shown that development areas of weak deformation brittle series of tectonically deformed coal are often the favorable areas for coalbed methane development, and the distribution area of the mylonitic coal of ductile deformation is a danger zone of mine gas outburst. Therefore, faced with solving the key scientific issues and technical problems of the coal bed methane exploration and development and gas outburst prediction and evaluation, more and more attention has been paid to the research on tectonically deformed coal. This paper first systematically elaborated the main research progress on the concept and classification of tectonically deformed coals, their deformation characteristics, and the pore fissure structure and chemical structure. Then, it pointed out that there was a lack of research on the ductile deformation mechanism of coal, and this key scientific problem needs further research in the future. It seemed that the structural and geochemical process of chemical elements migration and accumulation during coal deformation was a new field which is worth exploring. Through refining stress sensitive elements, their distribution and evolution patterns in different stress-strain environments and different types of tectonically deformed coals might be revealed, and then they could become a predictive index which indicates the significance of distribution of tectonically deformed coals and gas outburst prediction. It was thought that geophysical response characteristics and research of detection theory and interpretation method of different types of tectonically deformed coal and gas enrichment area should be an important development direction in the future.     

淮南煤田含煤岩系沉积相类型特征与演化——以新集井田1001钻孔为例

基于淮南煤田新集井田1001钻孔石炭-二叠系太原组、二叠系山西组和下石盒子组岩心观测和样品采集,通过显微镜下鉴定、粒度分析和X射线衍射矿物成分分析,研究淮南煤田含煤岩系沉积相类型特征与演化。结果表明：研究区晚石炭纪早期,海水进退频繁,发育障壁海岸和潮坪沉积体系,泥坪和混合坪微相与局限潮下坪微相共生,总体上发生3次海侵事件,代表陆表海的充填阶段;早二叠世早期,海平面下降,山西组发育三角洲前缘沉积相,远砂坝、河口砂坝、水下分流河道、水下天然堤及分流间湾微相共生,海陆过渡三角洲相在破坏中不断进积;早二叠世末期,下石盒子组发育三角洲平原沉积体系,分流河道、天然堤、泥炭沼泽及分流间洼地微相共生,研究区进入陆相三角洲沉积阶段。     

呼和湖凹陷南屯组二段煤系层序特征及其聚煤规律研究

运用层序地层学相关的理论、方法,通过钻井、测井以及地震反射等标志,将呼和湖凹陷南屯组二段划分为一个三级层序.依据地层叠置样式、区域分布的等时性煤层以及地形坡折带在沉积层序中的位置,进一步细分出低位、水进及高位体系域,在剖面层序对比的基础上建立了研究区南屯组二段层序地层格架.以体系域为单位分析了此层序格架内沉积体系的配置...