Regionalization of unit hydrograph parameters: 1. Comparison of regression analysis techniques

Hydrologic regionalization is a useful tool that allows for the transfer of hydrological information from gaged sites to ungaged sites. This study developed regional regression equations that relate the two parameters in Nash's IUH model to the basin characteristics for 42 major watersheds in Taiwan. In the process of developing the regional equations, different regression procedures including the conventional univariate regression, multivariate regression, and seemingly unrelated regression were used. Multivariate regression and seeming unrelated regression were applied because there exists a rather strong correlation between the Nash's IUH parameters. Furthermore, a validation study was conducted to examine the predictability of regional equations derived by different regression procedures. The study indicates that hydrologic regionalization involving several dependent variables should consider their correlations in the process of establishing the regional equations. The consideration of such correlation will enhance the predictability of resulting regional equations as compared with the ones from the conventional univariate regression procedure.     

The separation of the influence of nutrients and climate on the varve time-series of baldeggersee, Switzerland

The varve data-set from a freeze-core taken in the deepest part of Baldeggersee was subjected to different multivariate statistical analyses in order to estimate the amount of variance in the varve thickness measures explicable by past climate and by the trophic state of the lake. A comparison of two different time-periods (1902 to1992 versus 1920 to 1980) revealed that the lake restoration programme since 1982 has had a significant impact on the formation of the seasonal layers. Results of the partitioning of the variance in the varve thickness measures showed that about two thirds of the variance are unexplained by a climate and trophic state model and that trophic state explains 6%, whereas climate accounts for about 28% of the variance before the effect of lake restoration had a strong impact on the varves. Among the climate parameters the amount of annual precipitation is a strong predictor for explaining the thickness of both dark layer and total couplet thickness, whereas summer precipitation is important for the thickness of the light layer.     

Regionalization of unit hydrograph Parameters: 2. Uncertainty analysis

Hydrologic model parameters obtained from regional regression equations are subject to uncertainty. Consequently, hydrologic model outputs based on the stochastic parameters are random. This paper presents a systematic analysis of uncertainty associated with the two parameters, N and K, in Nash's IUH model from different regional regression equations. The uncertainty features associated with N and K are further incorporated to assess the uncertainty of the resulting IUH. Numerical results indicate that uncertainty of N and K from the regional regression equations are too significant to be ignored.     

Numerical modeling of 3-D terrain effect on MT field

Using the boundary element method, the numerical modeling problem of three-dimensional terrain effect on magnetotelluric (MT) field is solved. This modeling technique can be run on PC in the case of adopting special net division. The result of modeling test for 2-D terrain by this modeling technique is basically coincident with that by 2-D modeling technique, but there is a great difference between the results of 3-D and 2-D modeling for 3-D terrain. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Regionalization of unit hydrograph Parameters: 2. Uncertainty analysis

Hydrologic model parameters obtained from regional regression equations are subject to uncertainty. Consequently, hydrologic model outputs based on the stochastic parameters are random. This paper presents a systematic analysis of uncertainty associated with the two parameters, N and K, in Nash's IUH model from different regional regression equations. The uncertainty features associated with N and K are further incorporated to assess the uncertainty of the resulting IUH. Numerical results indicate that uncertainty of N and K from the regional regression equations are too significant to be ignored.     

大地电磁二维对称各向异性介质的有限元数值模拟

假定垂直轴为二维对称各向异性介质主轴之一，构造走向与另一主轴方向成任一夹角，用伽勒金（Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ）有限元法和矩形网格，优化地合成总体刚度矩阵，使二维各向异性介质的基本方程形成有限元代数方程组，求出各节点场值，并利用ＭＯＭ法求出辅助场，进而求出张量阻抗等响应函数．同时还对有关文献的计算模型进行了数值模拟检验     

区域采样法测定水中硫酸根离子的研究

在分散度不同的区域内进行区域采样用于水中硫酸根离子的测定，结果令人满意。应用此方法测定硫酸根离子的线性范围为２００．０～３０００ｍｇ／Ｌ；进样频率为１２０次／ｈ；相对标准偏差为１．７０％     

泌阳凹陷核桃园组微量元素演化特征及其古气候意义

泌阳凹陷下第三系核桃园组总体上表现为一个大的湖退体系，而其中的微量元素含量及有关元素比值却呈现出细微而明显的旋回变化特征。本文依据泥岩、页岩和碳酸盐岩中Ｔｉ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ等十六种微量元素含量及Ｓｒ/Ｂａ、Ｆｅ/Ｍｎ、Ｓｒ/Ｃｕ等七种比值的变化特征，结合古盐度及岩相资料，对核桃园组沉积时的古气候作了系统的研究，基本上分出了温暖潮湿、干湿交替、炎热干旱、温热半干旱四类较为特征的古气候类型，以期为油气勘探提供依据。     

中国大陆岩石圈的化学元素丰度

中国大陆岩石圈模型的面积９６０万ｋｍ＾２，平均厚度１１０ｋｍ，体积１０．６亿ｋｍ＾３，岩石平均密度３．０６４ｇ／ｃｍ＾３、总质量３．２４５×１０＾１８ｔ。在中国大陆地壳元素丰度的基础上，作者首次求出中国大陆岩石圈的元素丰度值。其质量丰度，厚子丰度和相对丰度列于表１。此外还按１０类（７８种）元素分别讨论中国大陆岩石圈的主要化学特征。     

东坪金矿区成矿构造分析与成矿预测

依据东坪金矿区成矿特点进行了成矿构造的形成及应力分析，总结出一些成矿规律，并进一步对矿区一睦工作程度较低的区段进行了预测。