Dynamic response of a pile considering the interaction of pile variable cross section with the surrounding layered soil

Assuming that the pile variable cross section interacts with the surrounding soil in the same way as the pile toe does with the bearing stratus, the interaction of pile variable cross section with the surrounding soil is represented by a Voigt model, which consists of a spring and a damper connected in parallel, and the spring constant and damper coefficient are derived. Thus, a more rigid pile–soil interaction model is proposed. The surrounding soil layers are modeled as axisymmetric continuum in which its vertical displacements are taken into account and the pile is assumed to be a Rayleigh–Love rod with material damping. Allowing for soil properties and pile defects, the pile–soil system is divided into several layers. By means of Laplace transform, the governing equations of soil layers are solved in frequency domain, and a new relationship linking the impedance functions at the variable‐section interface between the adjacent pile segments is derived using a Heaviside step function, which is called amended impedance function transfer method. On this basis, the impedance function at pile top is derived by amended impedance function transfer method proposed in this paper. Then, the velocity response at pile top can be obtained by means of inverse Fourier transform and convolution theorem. The effects of pile–soil system parameters are studied, and some conclusions are proposed. Then, an engineering example is given to confirm the rationality of the solution proposed in this paper. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

任意空间取向TI弹性张量解析表述

本文理论给出任意空间取向TI(ATI)四阶弹性张量的解析表述,其以VTI弹性常数及其简单组合为系数,包括各向同性项、TI对称轴方向矢量分量的二次项和四次项,其中TI对称轴方向矢量可以在固定坐标系定义, 也可以相对三维倾斜界面甚至相对波传播方向.相比四阶张量变换法和Bond变换法,ATI弹性张量能简洁而透明地为本构关系和波动方程提供四阶张量的所有元素. ATI弹性张量能为诸多方面的理论研究提供支撑.     

用于多频电磁波测井的负阻抗变换式有源接收天线

本文对用负阻抗变换电路同小圆锥螺旋天线相结合,构成的有源接收天线进行了理论分析,并给出了该有源天线稳定工作的条件。结果表明,用该方法设计的有源接收天线具有较宽的频带、较高的灵敏度和较小的尺寸。是多频电磁波测井较理想的接收天线。     

页岩储层叠前密度稳定反演方法

密度参数是页岩储层评价的重要敏感参数,但通常认为准确获得密度信息难度较大.本文探索提出了一种稳定的基于弹性阻抗的叠前密度反演方法,以提高优质页岩的识别精度.首先,基于不同的参数化弹性阻抗方程开展密度敏感性分析,优选了敏感性最高的Aki-Richards近似弹性阻抗方程作为反演方程.然后,在弹性阻抗方程线性化的基础上,假设反演方程系数矩阵的逆存在,将密度（取对数）表示为多个角度弹性阻抗（取对数）的加权和,通过井旁道弹性阻抗反演结果与测井数据的回归求取加权系数,避免了常规反演方法对大型系数矩阵的求逆计算,从而提高了密度反演的稳定性,同时由于利用测井资料作为匹配目标,密度反演的精度也得到了提高.模型试算和涪陵页岩气田的实际资料应用实践均表明了该方法能够有效地提高密度反演的精度与稳定性.

     

Relation of the Wave-Propagation Metric Tensor to the Curvatures of the Slowness and Ray-Velocity Surfaces

The contravariant components of the wave-propagation metric tensor equal half the second-order partial derivatives of the selected eigenvalue of the Christoffel matrix with respect to the slowness-vector components. The relations of the wave-propagation metric tensor to the curvature matrix and Gaussian curvature of the slowness surface and to the curvature matrix and Gaussian curvature of the ray-velocity surface are demonstrated with the help of ray-centred coordinates.     

MT数据处理中静校正方法对比

在大地电磁测深数据处理中,静态效应会影响解释结果.这里主要采用有限单元法进行正演计算,采用阻抗相位校正法、空间滤波法以及视电阻率导数解释法,对存在静态效应的理论模型进行数据处理.对比结果表明,前二种方法对静态效应起到了一定的压制和改善作用,且阻抗相位校正法效果相对较好,而通过视电阻率导数解释法,可以准确地反映地下真实异常形态.     

月球射电探测仪天线特性分析

本文介绍月球射电探测仪的基本原理,通过讨论所使用的电偶极天线的特性,得到了月球地层上方不同频率及不同距地高度的天线方向图,为最终选择出最佳方案提供了参考.     

Moment tensors of earthquakes in and near the Tibetan Plateau and their scaling law

Moment tensors of eleven major earthquakes in the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding region from 1966 to 1980 are estimated by generalized inverse technique. The seismic source time function and focal depth are immediately determined in the inversion. The results show that moment tensors of some events differ significantly from double couple, the deviation increases with decreasing plunge angle of null axis. All these events occurred in the upper crust, much shallower than those reported so far, for example, in NEIS Bulletin. Focal mechanism solution obtained from the moment tensors are consistent with the idea that the Indian plate collides northwards with the Eurasian plate and that an eastward spreading exists in the crust of the Tibetan Plateau. The stress drops for earthquakes of intraplate are systematically higher than those of earthquakes in suture zone. The source process duration becomes longer with seismic moment, but for the same seismic moment, the process duration for earthquakes in suture zone is about 1.4 times of those for intraplate event, these results suggest that the earthquakes near suture zone may be of a special characteristics in source process differently from those in intraplate. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, 423 – 434, 1992.     

地下目标体重力张量数据的边界识别与增强算法的研究

边界增强与识别在重力数据处理中占据重要地位,与传统重力异常数据相比,重力张量及其高阶分量对于直接反映异常体的边界具有更高的精度。当异常数据中的所有网格点的值均较低时,通过Sigmoid变换,可以实现高异常值网格数据的拉升,同时压缩低灰度级像素,从而凸显地质体边界,提高边界增强后图像的识别效果。文中利用张量及其分量构建常用的边界识别算法,通过组合体模型进行多种边界识别算法的试算,以比较分析各自的效果,并对结果进行Sigmoid变换。结果表明:对于张量高阶分量组合形式,水平梯度模、解析信号能基本反映浅异常体的边界,gzz水平梯度模能较好反映浅异常体边界,但三者均不能识别深异常体边界;Tilt梯度、Theta和ITA3效果不理想;ITA2能在有效均衡不同强度异常信号的同时,清晰地识别不同深度异常体的边界;采用Sigmoid变换,可以明显提高边界识别的识别效果。     

基于重力梯度张量数据的欧拉反演在梅山铁矿的应用

随着在石油勘查、矿产勘查、构造研究等地质工作中提出的应用位场异常研究规模相对较小的地质体及其细节的要求不断提高,传统重力方法在精度和分辨率方面已不能满足要求.重力梯度张量作为重力位二次导数,较之重力异常,能够更直观地反映地下密度体的赋存状态,基于重力梯度张量数据的反演能够提高地质体的定量模拟质量.但是由于受国内仪器的发展水平限制,直接获取实测的重力张量数据难度较大,目前对于重力张量数据的获取主要是通过数值计算的方法,把重力异常测量值变换成张量信息.本文是在样条理论的基础上,提出新的重力梯度张量计算方法,利用三次样条插值方法拟合重力异常,进一步地通过积分导数关系求取样条函数系数,实现了由重力异常求取重力梯度张量的数据计算.在此基础上,利用张量数据进行欧拉反演计算,对比常规欧拉反演结果,进一步分析张量欧拉反演精度.球体及水平板状体模型试验结果显示,张量欧拉反演更能有效地完成目标体的反演,其结果更加准确.最后,将张量欧拉反演应用到梅山铁矿区重力实测数据解释中,准确地反演出梅山主矿体的水平投影范围及矿体中心埋深.同时,相比常规欧拉反演,张量欧拉反演在刘家村附近、梅山村南部及黄林库—吴家洼地段显...