Torsional Dynamic Impedance of a Tapered Pile Considering its Construction Disturbance Effect

The dynamic response of a tapered pile (considering its construction disturbance effect) is investigated when the tapered pile is subjected to a time-harmonic torsional loading. For most engineering conditions, the surrounding soil may be weakened or strengthened owing to the construction disturbance effect of the tapered pile, resulting in the soil becoming radially inhomogeneous. In order to consider this problem, the circumferential shear complex stiffness transfer model is proposed to simulate the radial inhomogeneity of soil. Then, the governing equations of a tapered pile-soil system subjected to torsional dynamic loading are established. By virtue of the circumferential shear complex stiffness transfer method and the impedance function transfer method, the analytical solution of torsional dynamic impedance at the head of the tapered pile is derived. Based on the presented solution, the influence of the construction disturbance effect of the surrounding soil on the torsional dynamic impedance at the pile head is investigated within the low-frequency range concerned in the design of a dynamic foundation. The results show that, even if the hardening range and softening range of the surrounding soil vary within a smaller scale, the hardening effect and softening effect also have a notable influence on the torsional dynamic impedance at the pile head.     

用阻抗相位识别二维音频大地电磁垂向异常

从原理上分析了音频大地电磁阻抗相位在静位移和垂向电性异常体影响下的变化特性,并采用二维有限元方法进行了正演模拟。考虑到阻抗相位在静位移和真实垂向异常中的响应差异,认为利用阻抗相位开展综合解释对于识别二维垂向电性异常具有十分积极的意义。理论模型计算和工程实例表明,基于阻抗相位的综合解释方法对于识别二维垂向电性异常具有较好的应用效果。     

叠前弹性反演在苏里格气田的应用

苏里格气田当含气饱和度小于70%时,泊松比变化不明显,用AVO方法进行含气性检测效果不甚理想。基于Fatti近似的弹性波阻抗方法,充分利用了叠前资料进行反演,包含了丰富的岩性及流体信息,但其小角度时的算法不稳定及建立在"湿"岩石背景假设条件下的反演精度不高的缺点也很明显。改进后的Fatti近似公式算法更加稳定且建立了基于真实岩石物理参数的变量关系,提高了反演精度。应用实例表明应用从弹性阻抗反演数据体中获得的λ-μ-ρ参数进行交会,对苏里格气田低含气饱和度的气层检测效果明显,很好地反映了储层信息。     

叠前弹性波阻抗反演在储层预测中的应用

叠前弹性波阻抗反演是当前地震反演技术的一个热点,它利用叠前道集为输入,以横波、纵波、密度等测井资料为约束,联合反演出与岩性、含油气性相关的多种弹性参数,进而进行储层物性及含油气性综合判定。其反演结果比叠后声阻抗反演,在可信度方面有很大提高,能够获得更多、更敏感有效的数据,可对含油气性进行半定量和定量描述,具有广泛的应用前景。这里介绍了叠前弹性波阻抗反演技术的基本原理和方法,并对新疆某油田实际资料进行反演分析,其结果为储层预测和储量计算提供了重要依据,获得了良好的应用效果。     

三维地震与测井资料在多煤层对比中的应用研究

陆相成煤环境及断陷构造特点,致使二连盆地内煤层具有层数多、间距小、厚度横向变化大、标志层少等特点,利用钻探资料进行煤层对比难度大,其结果将直接影响对煤层、煤质评价及煤炭资源量估算。考虑到研究区煤层赋存特点,利用三维地震成果,对该区进行了煤层辅助对比,其结果与原有7个钻孔煤层对比成果存在差异。通过三维地震层位对比与构造解释方案的核查,结合波阻抗反演结果和测井资料重新解释,认为三维地震的煤层对比是合理的。该实例表明,综合利用测井资料、三维地震解释和波阻抗反演等,可有效提高煤层对比的可靠性,提高煤炭资源地质勘探阶段的控制精度。     

三维地震勘探技术在淮北矿区的应用

淮北矿区地处华东腹地,其采区地震勘探虽具有良好的激发条件及较高的煤层反射波能量,但因地质构造复杂、煤层数多、深层反射信噪比低、新生界地层厚度大及地面障碍物遍布等原因,致使三维地震勘探困难较大。通过开展高密度三维地震勘探及岩性勘探,综合利用波阻抗反演、叠前时间偏移与叠前深度偏移等新技术手段,在淮北矿区成功地进行了煤层厚度预测、岩浆岩侵蚀带预测及小断层对比等,为煤炭安全高效开采及枯竭矿山接续提供了可靠的地质资料。根据淮北矿区10多年来三维地震勘探的实践经验,指出了采区勘探中依然存在的问题,并提出了解决这些问题的方法。     

基于纵波地震和四分量地震的弹性波阻抗反演

为了更好地揭示崖13-1气田的泥岩夹层及剩余气分布,提高采收率,尝试了基于纵波地震和四分量地震的弹性波阻抗反演。利用常规纵波地震资料对崖13-1气田气层进行了多角度同时反演;利用四分量地震资料进行了纵波和转换横波波阻抗反演。基于常规纵波地震资料的弹性波阻抗反演剖面的分辨率较高,气层纵波波阻抗与盖层的纵波波阻抗差异大于横波,但横波波阻抗分辨率比纵波波阻抗高,对气层细节反映得更清楚。利用弹性波阻抗反演结果可以较好地发现剩余气、泥岩夹层及气水界面。转换横波地震资料的分辨率较低,基于四分量地震资料的弹性波阻抗反演的分辨率也比较低。     

A new development of the scaled boundary finite element method for wave motion in layered half-space

The scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) developed by Wolf and Song has shown certain parallels to the finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM). Because of its semi-analytical nature, SBFEM is particularly suitable for the analysis of wave propagation in unbounded domains. This paper makes a certain modification of the standard SBFEM. A new idea of scaling surface instead of a scaling center is introduced to formulate the governing SBFE equations for the analysis of wave propagation in multilayered half-space, which leads to simplifying the modeling and saving considerably the computational effort. In addition, by employing the proposed approach, some problems encountered in engineering practice, which are difficult to deal with by the conventional SBFEM, for example, 3D foundation impedance on half-space with irregular geographical features, can be effectively solved. The proposed approach also helps to simplify the solution of shell structures. Numerical examples are provided to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach.     

Effect of gradient stress on stress wave propagation characteristics of red sandstoneEI北大核心

地下工程岩体开挖卸载后,围岩体承受的地应力随空间位置呈梯度形式变化。梯度地应力导致岩石的波阻抗呈梯度形式变化,进而影响应力波传播衰减特性。为研究梯度地应力对岩石应力波传播特性的影响,利用自主研发的具有梯度静应力岩石应力波传播试验系统,对红砂岩长试件进行了9种应力梯度工况下的应力波传播试验。通过分析岩石应力波传播速度、波阻抗随应力梯度的变化规律,构建应力波幅值与传播距离、传播时间和应力梯度之间的经验模型,探索梯度应力影响红砂岩应力波传播衰减的机制。结果表明,相同应力梯度工况下,随传播距离增加,应力波形状变化较小,但幅值逐渐减小。随应力梯度增大,岩石各测点区段内应力波传播速度、波阻抗均增大,但增大速率逐渐减缓,相邻测点区段波阻抗差值比先快速增大,后缓慢减小。随传播距离和传播时间增加,应力波幅值均呈指数形式减小;随应力梯度增大,时空衰减系数均呈先快速增大,后缓慢减小趋势变化。随应力梯度增大,相同测点应力波幅值先快速减小,后缓慢变化,在低应力梯度阶段,距离自由端越远的测点幅值衰减速率越快。