基于角弹性参数的多波地震储层预测方法

弹性参数作为反映岩石弹性性质的参数,在储层预测中具有重要作用.常规弹性参数的构建主要基于PP波地震信息.PP波与PS波地震振幅因其携带的信息不同,对岩性与流体的敏感性也不同.本文提出联合利用PP波与PS波弹性阻抗以及角度信息构建角弹性参数来预测有利储层.首先,对常规PS波弹性阻抗方程进行重新推导,使得PS波弹性阻抗取值的数量级不随角度变化且能够与PP波弹性阻抗具备形式上的匹配;其次,根据常规弹性参数构建公式,采用PP波弹性阻抗、PS波弹性阻抗替代纵波阻抗、横波阻抗,提出角弹性参数的概念及构建公式,从而将角度信息引入到弹性参数的构建中;最后,在PP波与PS波弹性阻抗反演的基础上构建得到对储层敏感性较强的角弹性参数,利用角弹性参数的取值特征预测有利储层.模型与实际资料测试均表明角弹性参数具备较高的储层敏感性.     

Angle-domain imaging of relative impedance perturbation

Impedance is a physical parameter that plays an important role in seismic data processing and interpretation. A relative impedance perturbation (the ratio of the impedance perturbation and the impedance for the background models) imaging method in depth domain based on the reflection wave equation is proposed. Under the small perturbation assumption, primary wave and high-frequency approximation condition, a linear propagation equation of the primary reflection waves based on the relative impedance perturbation was first derived. On this basis, we further derived the imaging formula of the relative impedance perturbation using a linear inversion theory. Then, the source–receiver bidirectional illumination compensation was used to improve the image quality of the subsurface structures. The image result obtained by this method can be used to estimate the relative impedance perturbation. In the angle domain, the extracted near-angle-domain image gather with amplitude compensation can estimate the relative impedance perturbation, and the far-angle image gather provides the estimation of the relative velocity perturbation (the ratio of the velocity perturbation and the background velocity). Finally, several numerical tests demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.     

弹性地基中波阻板对入射Rayleigh波的远场被动隔振研究

针对被保护结构下埋置波阻板的远场被动隔振问题,采用频域弹性边界元法,推导得到了弹性地基中波阻板对入射Rayleigh波散射的边界元方程,在此基础上对波阻板的远场被动隔振效果进行了计算,并对影响波阻板隔振效果的因素进行了分析。研究结果表明:在地基一定深度设置波阻板能够有效降低波阻板上方及后方区域的地面振动;减小波阻板埋深以及增大波阻板厚度均能获得更好的隔振效果;而增加波阻板的剪切模量是提高波阻板被动隔振效果的最有效措施。     

基于EEI反演的储层油气识别研究

埕岛油田是我国极浅海地区第一个投入开发的大油田,其馆陶组上段属河流相砂泥岩沉积,油气富集程度高。该层段分为五套砂组,其中三砂组和四砂组是主要的含油储层。此次研究的目标工区内主要的烃类是重质油,含油储层与含水储层的物性差异较小,通过反演常规的弹性参数无法准确指示油气。基于测井曲线和岩石物理交汇分析,本文构建了敏感的油气指示因子,通过扩展的弹性阻抗反演技术反演该指示因子从而进行油气展布预测。该方法在工区得到了良好的应用效果。      

无井波阻抗反演在西沙水合物研究中的应用

为了更好地研究水合物的展布形态和赋存情况,对西沙海域天然气水合物的准三维地震资料进行无井波阻抗反演。详细论证针对水合物无井波阻抗反演的处理方法:根据水合物的地球物理特征对地震资料进行零相位化处理;根据地震资料本身特征,在工区多个构造稳定区提取地震子波,对求取的子波平均化保证子波的稳定性;根据叠加速度,通过网格插值、平滑、滤波、转换求取三维低频阻抗模型。最终得到的反演结果地质现象清楚,能够较准确地反映水合物的空间展布情况,利于后续水合物的综合分析研究。      

Travel impedance agreement among online road network data providers

ABSTRACT

Online mapping providers offer unprecedented access to spatial data and analytical tools; however, the number of analytical queries that can be requested is usually limited. As such, Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) services offer a viable alternative, provided that the quality of the underlying spatialtheir data is adequate. In this paper, we evaluate the agreement in travel impedance between estimates from MapQuest Open, which embraces OpenStreetMap (OSM) data–a is based on VGI datasetfrom OpenStreetMap (OSM), and estimates from two other popular commercial providers, namely Google Maps? and ArcGIS? Online. Our framework is articulated around three components, which simulates potentialcalculates shortest routes, estimates their travel impedance using a routing service Application Program Interface (API), and extracts the average number of contributors for each route. We develop an experimental setup with a simulated dataset for the state of North Carolina. Our results suggest a strong correlation of travel impedance among all three road network providers. and that travel impedanceThe agreement is the greatest in areas with a denser road network and the smallest for routes of shorter distances. Most importantly, tTravel estimates from MapQuest Open are nearly identical to both commercial providers when the average number of OSM contributors along the route is larger. The latter finding contributes to a growing body of literature on Linus’s law, recognizing that a larger group of contributors holds the potential to validate and correct inherent errors to the source dataset.     

基于阻抗匹配条件的树枝状超材料吸收器

基于树枝状金属结构单元的电磁谐振特性,设计了一种双面大小树枝状结构的超材料吸收器,该结构分别是正面二级树枝及正对的背面三级树枝.通过仿真模拟设计了不同的阻抗匹配方式,调节相应的结构参数,找到了阻抗匹配对吸收特性的影响.在最佳的阻抗匹配条件下,得到最大吸收率.实验测量表明,阻抗匹配条件下双面大小树枝模型可以实现90.01%吸收率.增加样品层数可以有效的增加吸收率,3层样品就可以达到99%以上的吸收率,实现工程意义的完美吸收.     

Relationships between the sound speed ratio and physical properties of surface sediments in the South Yellow Sea

Building empirical equations is an effective way to link the acoustic and physical properties of sediments. These equations play an important role in the prediction of sediments sound speeds required in underwater acoustics.Although many empirical equations coupling acoustic and physical properties have been developed over the past few decades, further confirmation of their applicability by obtaining large amounts of data, especially for equations based on in situ acoustic measurement techniques, is required. A sediment acoustic survey in the South Yellow Sea from 2009 to 2010 revealed statistical relationships between the in situ sound speed and sediment physical properties. To improve the comparability of these relationships with existing empirical equations, the present study calculated the ratio of the in situ sediment sound speed to the bottom seawater sound speed, and established the relationships between the sound speed ratio and the mean grain size, density and porosity of the sediment. The sound speed of seawater at in situ measurement stations was calculated using a perennially averaged seawater sound speed map by an interpolation method. Moreover, empirical relations between the index of impedance and the sound speed and the physical properties were established. The results confirmed that the existing empirical equations between the in situ sound speed ratio and the density and porosity have general suitability for application. This study also considered that a multiple-parameter equation coupling the sound speed ratio to both the porosity and the mean grain size may be more useful for predicting the sound speed than an equation coupling the sound speed ratio to the mean grain size.     

基座安装对平台减振特性影响研究

在现场实测数据与瓦锡兰提供的发动机台架测试数据的基础上,通过对比分析得出发动机主要垂向激励频率。应用ABAQUS建立基座腹板对中实肋板和错开实肋板的有限元简化模型,进行基座及连接结构的模态和阻抗特性分析,结果表明基座腹板对中实肋板的结构布置方式有利于避免共振,并且基座结构与实肋板的对中设计对垂向的阻抗影响较大。在相同激励下,研究了两种不同的基座布置方式对振动激励的响应特性。研究结果表明在设备基座设计时应尽可能使基座腹板对中支撑结构的舱壁或实肋板。这是保证基座结构高阻抗值的有效方式,对于降低结构振动传递起到重要作用。     

砂质海底沉积物压缩波速与物理参数关系试验研究

砂土是主要的海底沉积物类型之一,明确砂质沉积物声学与物理性质的关系对海底底质和地层探测至关重要.本文利用超声探测仪和自制的试样制备测试装置,模拟制备不同沉积状态的砂土试样,同步开展超声测试和物理性质测试,探讨砂质沉积物声速测试方法及影响因素,揭示砂质沉积物压缩波速与物理参数的内在联系.试验结果和分析表明:换能器接触管壁...