河南祁雨沟金矿床地质地球化学特征和矿床成因讨论

本文介绍了祁雨沟金矿床的成矿地质背景和矿床地质地球化学特征,讨论了矿床成因。通过含矿角砾岩体特征、矿物学、硫、铅、氢、氧同位素地质学和流体包裹体的研究,确定成矿物质主要来自下伏太古宇太华群;气液爆破角砾岩体为容矿构造;成矿作用是在中生代岩浆活动期后气液爆破-沸腾作用下完成的;成矿流体以岩浆水为主,混入部分大气水;矿床成因属岩浆热液矿床。     

川滇地区应变率场分布及其变化特征研究

基于GPS多期复测资料, 利用最小二乘配置方法计算川滇地区应变参数, 分析该区域应变率场分布及其变化特征并探讨其分布与强震关系。 研究结果表明: ① 各时段应变率场空间分布的明显变化应属于大于GPS资料误差的真实地壳构造形变信息; ② 最大剪应变率及第一、 第二剪应变率的结果反映了走滑断裂对区域变形的显著控制; ③ 主应变率, 东西、 南北向应变率场动态结果反映的汶川地震孕震的空间尺度较大; ④ 在本区大致反映北东向与北西向剪切变形的第一剪应变率、 东西向应变率、 南北向应变率及最大剪应变率与6级以上地震对应较好。     

Estimation of 56Ni Needed in the Explosion Process of the Super Luminous Supernova ASASSN-15lh

ASASSN-15lh is a super luminous supernova, whose light curve is similar to that of the type Ia supernova (SN Ia). Since the luminosity of SN Ia is directly related to the decay of ⁵⁶Ni, in this paper, we consider the de-excitation energy of the new nuclei, and calculate the energy generated by the decay of ⁵⁶Ni in the explosive environment of ASASSN-15lh. The calculated mass of ⁵⁶Ni needed by the ASASSN-15lh explosion is 31.32 M_⊙. This result agrees with the estimation of the mass of ⁵⁶Ni ≥ 30 M_⊙ derived from the observed light curve of ASASSN-15lh. No agreement has reached for the explosion mechanism of supernova ASASSN-15lh so far. The calculation in this paper provides a reference for the further study on the progenitor and explosion mechanism of the supernova ASASSN-15lh.     

Effect of Orbital Distance on the Atmospheric Escape of Exoplanets

Atmospheric escape is an important sector in the evolution of planetary atmosphere, and its energy is mainly originated from the radiation of the host star at the high energy band. The radiation flux drops dramatically with the increase of orbital distance, there is a large difference of planetary atmospheric escape in different orbits, so it is necessary to study the impact of orbital distance on the atmospheric escape of an exoplanet. We consider the radiation transfer and the photochemical reactions of multiple kinds of particles to study the variation of planetary atmospheric escape with the orbital distance by using a 1-D hydrodynamic model. Due to the large differences of the spectra of host stars in different evolution stages, the Astrophysical Plasma Emission Code (APEC) in the X-Ray Spectral Fitting Package (XSPEC) is used to obtain the spectra of solar-type stars with different ages as the input spectra of the model. The results indicate that the escape rates of the exoplanets in different orbits are different significantly, and the escape mechanism is converted from the drastic hydrodynamic escape into the moderate Jeans escape as the orbital distance increases, the smaller the planetary gravitational potential, the younger the star-planet system, the larger the distance of this conversion. The correlation between the escape rate and the radiation flux decreases for the short-period exoplanets in a younger star-planet system. It is shown that the classical energy-limited escape theory is not suitable for this kind of exoplanets. These results have enriched the studies on the atmospheric escape of exoplanets, especially, extended the studies on the escape mechanism and energy conversion under different orbital distances and stellar ages.     

Research Progresses of Halo Streams in the Solar Neighborhood

The stellar streams originated from the Galactic halo may be detected when they pass by the solar neighborhood, and they still keep some information at their birth times. Thus, the investigation of halo streams in the solar neighborhood is very important for understanding the formation and evolution of our Galaxy. In this paper, the researches of halo streams in the solar neighborhood are briefly reviewed. We have introduced the methods how to detect the halo streams and identify their member stars, summarized the progresses in the observation of member stars of halo streams and in the study of their origins, introduced in detail how to analyze the origins of halo streams in the solar neighborhood by means of numerical simulation and chemical abundance, and finally discussed the prospects of the LAMOST and GAIA in the research of halo streams in the solar neighborhood.     

The Rise of New Planets: Super-Earths and Sub-Neptunes

With the ceaseless progress of detecting technology, over 3500 exo-planets have been discovered. It is interesting but unexpected that the majority of the detected exoplanets are unlike any planets in our solar system. They have a size and mass between the Earth and the Neptune, and thus they are called as Super-Earths or Sub-Neptunes. In this article, I introduce these newly rising planets and review our current knowledge of their physical properties, orbital properties, and origins. Finally, I discuss the promising and exciting prospects.     

不同粒径镁铝水滑石的合成及其紫外阻隔性能研究

采用水热合成法,以六水氯化镁为镁源,六水氯化铝为铝源,通过改变沉淀剂种类、水热温度和水热时间等条件,实现了不同粒径镁铝水滑石的可控制备。多晶X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱和原子发射光谱测试表明合成了具有相同化学组成、不同粒径的片状镁铝水滑石,产物平均横向尺寸的可控范围在63 nm～5μm之间。紫外光屏蔽实验显示,横向尺寸为136～270 nm的镁铝水滑石具有最佳的紫外阻隔性能,这一结果可以用光散射理论进行解释。     

1500—1910年西北地区沙尘天气研究

通过对西北地区明清时期史料的系统查阅,收集到1500—1910年西北地区沙尘天气记录年份137个,最终确定沙尘天气最终数量为250次。分析发现,1500—1910年西北地区的沙尘天气呈波动之势,其中17、19世纪沙尘天气频发态势明显;季节以春季为多;空间分布以甘肃河西走廊、陇东、宁夏北部和南部、陕北、关中一带沙尘记载较多,其中以甘肃民勤为最;沙尘天气与气温的反相关明显,与气候干湿变化的关系在河西地区需要进一步研究,在陕西地区有较为明显的相关性。     

内蒙古赤峰南窝铺铀矿床英安岩的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及地质意义

南窝铺铀矿床位于西拉木伦缝合带以南、康宝—围场—赤峰断裂带(华北北缘断裂带的一部分)以北的白乃庙加里东期岛弧带和华北古板块北缘海西期俯冲—碰撞带,属沽源—红山子铀成矿带北东段红山子—广兴铀成矿亚带的一个铀矿床,铀矿体赋存在额里图组安山岩—英安岩—流纹岩组合中.该组合中的英安岩SHRIMP锆石n(206Pb)/n(238...     

Study on Dinosaur Track Fossils and Footprints Reconstruction in Zhucheng Area, Shandong Province

鲁东诸城皇华镇地区下白垩统莱阳群发现大量恐龙足迹化石(兽脚类、鸟脚类、蜥脚类).足迹化石赋存地层为龙旺庄组灰绿色、黄绿色泥质细砂岩、粉砂岩,为滨浅湖—河流相沉积环境.足迹特征显示:蜥脚类恐龙体重大,四足行走,前后足迹面积相近,似椭圆形;鸟脚类和兽脚类恐龙为两足行走,足迹为三趾型;兽脚类恐龙体重最轻、数量最多.三大类恐龙行进速度介于散步—小跑之间,有转弯、减速、驻足等状态,无奔跑行迹,行进方向大多数为自东向西,行迹具有较强的规律性,推测恐龙可能在集体迁徙.结合足迹形态特征及保存现状,将该区恐龙足迹变形程度划分为未变形、弱变形、中等变形和强变形4种,并在前人侵蚀模型基础上,初步探讨了恐龙足迹复原方法与侵蚀机理,为更精确地分析恐龙种属、大小、生活习性、生物力学性质等信息提供了可能性.