澜沧江干流大型规划电站影响区关键人文生态对象识别与敏感度评估

在对澜沧江中上游干流规划电站（苗尾水电站以上）开发影响区实地调查、文献收集整理的基础上,通过确定影响区内4个县16个乡镇范围内关键人文生态对象,利用ARCGIS和Googleearth软件分析技术,并用线性加权综合法分析关键人文生态对象的重要性和地域分布特征,就其对水电开发的敏感度进行5级评估,得出主要结果：（1）关键人文生态对象包括6类：文物保护单位、传统村落、特色小镇、非物质文化遗产、风景名胜区和A级景区、历史文化名镇名村;（2）康普乡和石登乡的敏感度最高,兔峨乡和功果桥镇次之,而巴迪乡、维登乡、攀天阁乡、中路乡、营盘镇和苗尾乡的敏感度最低。     

卡拉水电站田三滑坡体失稳机理及涌浪计算

结合雅砻江卡拉水电站田三滑坡体工程地质条件,对滑坡变形及涌浪的影响进行深入分析。在总结国内外滑坡涌浪预警实践经验的基础上,研究滑坡运动的过程,对比分析了速度大小、涌浪过程的变化规律。研究表明,在滑坡涌浪的入水初速度及库水深度一定的前提下,田三滑坡体具有初始涌浪高、爬坡高的特点,特别是在库水水位下降时,更要加强监测和预报。针对坝址比选,建议该水电站采用下坝址方案,且坝体设计需要考虑抗涌浪冲击;须结合工程特点,做好工程配套设施建设的选址工作。     

水电水利工程地质灾害问题分类

水电水利工程是一项系统工程,涉及地质灾害问题较多.为加强防灾减灾研究,结合常规地质灾害分类及水电水利工程特点,对水电水利工程地质灾害进行系统的分类和描述.成因不同,可分为工程建设、自然因素及其共同引发的地质灾害;工程特点及成灾对象不同,可分为水库工程、边坡工程、地基工程、地下工程和移民工程地质灾害.     

水电项目对越南硒圣河地区社会经济发展及环境保护的影响

硒圣河是湄公河的主要分支之一,其集水区地形条件和水资源量均对水电开发十分有利。此外,无论从物种多样性还是生物量来看,硒圣河水生生物资源非常丰富。鱼类是当地人们的重要食物来源,粗略估计鱼类物种数量可能在200-300种之间,目前具有详细记录的鱼类大约为120种。截至目前,从越南境内硒圣河上游至越-柬边界总共开发了6个水电项目,兴建了一座4A级硒圣调蓄水库。流经柬埔寨的硒圣河部分,依据发展规划将兴建3座水电站,即硒圣5号电站（硒圣1号电站以下）、硒圣3号电站、硒圣2号电站。硒圣河水电项目对区域（越南和柬埔寨）社会经济的影响体现在：为地处偏远和困难的集水区创造了新的能源资源,改善了交通系统和农村地区的生活条件。与此同时,这些水电项目也对该区域自然环境产生了重大影响。例如,改变了下游流动机理变化,导致下游河道淤积,对沿河生态系统也产生了一定影响。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Hillslope Processes. Binghamton Symposia in Geomorphology International Series: 16. Athol D. Abrahams , ed. The Atlas of Central America and the Caribbean. The Diagram Group . The Cultural Atlas of Islam. Isma'il R. al Faruqi and Lois Lamaya'al Faruqi . Atlas of Israel Contemporary Africa: Development, Culture and the State. Morag Bell . Fundamentals of Physical Geography. David Briggs and Peter Smithson . The Bicentennial Census: New Directions for Methodology in 1990. Constance F. Citro and Michael L. Cohen , eds . World Patterns of Modern Urban Change: Essays in Honor of Chauncy D. Harris. Michael P. Conzen , ed . New Directions for Agriculture and Agricultural Research: Neglected Dimensions and Emerging Alternatives. Kenneth A. Dahlberg , ed . Water Resources Atlas of Florida. E.A. Fernald and D.J. Patton , eds . Landscape Ecology. R.T.T. Forman and M. Godron . The Myth of the North American City: Continentalism Challenged. Michael Goldberg and John Mercer . The Permafrost Environment. Stuart A. Harris . Climate and Circulation of the Tropics. Stefan Hastenrath . The Island of South Georgia. Robert Headland . The Making of Urban Europe, 1000-1950. Paul M. Hohenberg and Lynn Hollen Lees . Bombay in Transition: The Growth and Social Ecology of a Colonial City, 1889–1980. Meera Kosambi . Plant Closings; Public or Private Choices? Richard B. McKenzie , ed . Malaysia: Tradition, Modernity and Islam. R.S. Milne and Diane K. Mauzy . Technology on the Frontier: Mining in Old Ontario. Dianne Newell . The Maritime Political Boundaries of the World. J.R.V. Prescott . Tall Office Buildings in the United States. James W. Pygman and Richard Kateley (Real Estate Research Corporation). Technology, Regions, and Policy. John Rees , ed . The United States and the Regional Organization of Asia and the Pacific: 1965-1985. W.W. Rostow . Renewable Energy: Progress, Prospects. Stephen W. Sawyer Wisconsin Foundations. Gwen Schultz . Dwelling, Place and Environment: Towards a Phenomenology of Person and World. David Seamon and Robert Mugerauer , eds . Power and Place: Canadian Urban Development in the North American Context. Gilbert A. Stelter and Alan F.J. Artibise , eds . Small Firms in Regional Economic Development: Britain, Ireland and the United States. D. J. Storey , ed . Mathematical Methods in Human Geography and Planning. A. G. Wilson and R. J. Bennett . El Niño North: Niño Effects on the Eastern Subarctic Pacific Ocean. W. S. Wooster and D. L. Fluharty , eds . The Soviet Iron and Steel Industry. Craig ZumBrunnen and Jeffrey Osleeb .     

Stability analysis on Jinjia dam hydropower project in Chongqing City

The stability analysis is one of the chief problems at hydropower stations.The Jinjia Hydropower Station is a significant project in Southwest China.The paper adopts the rigidity limited equilibrium theory and evaluated stability of the slope body,which will provide the evidences for further detail design.     

地面3维激光技术在水土保持监测中的应用

在水电站建设工程中,需要对水土保持进行监测,本文提出了一种新的侵蚀沟监测方案,实践证明它比传统的监测结果更准确,更真实,可以很直观地反映出侵蚀沟的形态,实现3维建模。同时,在安全方面真正实现了非接触式测量,大大减少了外业工作量,降低了外业危险性。     

Hydrological regime of remote catchments with extreme gradients under accelerated change: the Baker basin in Patagonia

Abstract

The Baker basin (27 000 km²) is located in one of the most pristine and remote areas of the planet. Its hydrological regime is poised to undergo dramatic changes in the near future due to hydropower development and climate change. The basin contains the second-largest lake in South America, and part of a major icefield. This study documents the natural baseline of the Baker River basin, discusses the main hydrological modes and analyses the potential for sustainable management. Annual precipitation varies several-fold from the eastern Patagonian steppes to the North Patagonian Icefield. The westernmost sub-basins are strongly governed by glacier melt with a peak discharge in the austral summer (January–March). The easternmost sub-basins have a much more seasonal response governed by quicker snowmelt in spring (November–December), while they exhibit low flows typical for semi-arid regions during summer and autumn. Topography, vegetation and wetlands may also influence streamflow. The strong spatio-temporal gradients and variability highlight the need for further monitoring, particularly in the headwaters, especially given the severe changes these basins are expected to undergo. The great diversity of hydrological controls and climate change pose significant challenges for hydrological prediction and management.

Editor Z.W. Kundzewicz

Citation Dussaillant, J.A., Buytaert, W., Meier, C., and Espinoza, F. 2012. Hydrological regime of remote catchments with extreme gradients under accelerated change: the Baker basin in Patagonia. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57 (8), 1530–1542.     

四川安谷水电站勘探竖井及试验平硐施工工艺

四川安谷水电站勘探竖井所处地层河床砂卵石层深厚,采用传统的人工挖掘护壁或沉井施工工艺,施工难度大。针对地层的特点,采用冲击钻机成孔的方式施工。同时,在竖井中开挖试验平硐,遵循多炮眼、小进尺、小药量,光面爆破的施工方案,圆满完成试验平硐的开挖。介绍了其施工技术及注意事项。     

多扶正器防斜钻具组合在大岗山水电站帷幕灌浆工程中的应用

大岗山水电站帷幕灌浆工区施工局限性显著、地层自然造斜力强,灌浆孔孔斜设计要求高,其顶角要求≤0.5?/100 m,防斜技术难度大。采用多扶正器防斜钻具组合,有效地限制了灌浆孔轴线顶角变化和孔底偏移量,控制了灌浆孔弯曲偏斜,灌浆孔成孔质量明显提高,获得了较好的经济效益。