香格里拉旅游气候的适宜度

利用云南省农业气候资料,采用了旅游舒适度指标,对香格里拉腹地中甸县的旅游气候进行分析,认为该地夏季最适于开展旅游活动,春季和秋季为次适于开展旅游活动,并提出发展旅游业应注意的气候问题     

煤层瓦斯流动方程补正

瓦斯流动方程是煤层瓦斯流动理论的基石,它反映了煤层内瓦斯流动的机理。本文在达西定律基础上,修正了一类煤层瓦斯流动方程。      

对NOAA／AVHRR通道反照率和植被指数的大气影响订正试验

在利用大气窗区进行遥感时,大气成分对辐射的吸收和散射作用造成辐射消弱,从而影响气象卫星（AVHRR）两个通道（可见光和近红外）反演地表反照率值及其差和比的植被指数值。在选取实测卫星资料对其作预处理并考虑仪器定标衰减作用后,利用LOWTRAN－7大气辐射传输模式对卫星资料进行大气订正的探讨,指出气溶胶、水汽等大气参数是订正计算中的敏感因子。       

Correction of atmospheric effect on ADEOS/OCTS ocean color data: Algorithm description and evaluation of its performance

This paper first describes the atmospheric correction algorithm for OCTS visible band data used at NASDA/EOC. Sharing a basic structure with Gordon and Wang’s Sea WiFS algorithm, it uses 10 candidate aerosol models including the “Asian dust model” introduced in consideration of the unique feature of aerosols over the east Asian waters. Based on the observations at 670 and 865 nm bands, the algorithm selects a pair of aerosol models that account best for the observed spectral reflectances, and synthesizes the aerosol reflectance used for the atmospheric correction. Two different schemes for determining the value of the parameter for the aerosol model selection are presented and their anticipated estimation error is analyzed in terms of retrieved water reflectance at 443 nm. The results of our numerical simulation show that the standard deviation of the estimation error of the “weighted average” scheme is mostly within the permissible level of ±0.002, reducing the error by 18% on average compared to the “simple average” scheme. The paper further discusses the expected error under the old CZCS-type atmospheric correction, which assumes constant aerosol optical properties throughout the given image. Although our algorithm has a better performance than the CZCS algorithm, further analysis shows that the error induced by the assumption taken in the algorithm that the water-leaving radiance at 670 nm band is negligibly small may be large in high pigment concentration waters, indicating the necessity for future improvements.     

走廊南山河流纵剖面高海拔裂点的成因

河流水力侵蚀物理模型表明基岩河道纵剖面在均衡状态时表现为平滑上凹的形态,其特征反映了构造、基岩抗侵蚀能力和气候的作用;然而自然界河道纵剖面多呈现以裂点为特征的不均衡形态,不均衡的剖面形态以及裂点的研究同样可以对外力作用的变化起到很好的指示作用。位于北祁连的走廊南山高海拔河道纵剖面普遍呈现不均衡形式且发育海拔较高的裂点。通过对裂点成因分析发现,这些裂点并不主要受控于岩性、气候、构造等因素,而反映了冰川作用遗留地形与河流地形的分界。这一结果说明在对河道纵剖面高海拔裂点进行分析时要考虑到古冰川遗留地形也会对现代河道纵剖面产生重要影响,为进一步认识和理解造山带地貌演化以及控制因素提供了思路。     

起伏地形对近矿围岩充电法影响规律的数值模拟研究

以山脊、山谷地形为例,通过点源二维有限元数值模拟给出了起伏地形条件下近矿围岩充电法一次电场和激发极化二次电场的剖面曲线,研究了地形对电场的影响,总结了起伏地形情况下的异常分布规律,并用比值法对其进行了地形校正,校正后的结果表明效果是比较好的.     

利用地表电阻率校正大地电磁静态偏移

基于大地电磁静态偏移的基本原理,通过对大量实测资料的处理,提出了一种比传统静态校正方法更有效地压制静态偏移的方法---静态偏移的标定校正法.其核心内容是利用岩性测试的电性参数和测点所在位置表层或浅层地层去标定视电阻率曲线的首支,并利用人机交互式可视化静态偏移校正软件去改正视电阻率曲线.经过40多条测线共700多个测点的实际应用,证明该方法是目前较理想的静态偏移校正方法.     

内蒙古东部半干旱草原残丘景观区铜多金属元素表生地球化学异常特征及其评价指标体系的构建

分析了研究区内钙积层、风成沙等制约因素对铜多金属元素表生地球化学异常发育的影响,总结了该类特殊景观条件下铜多金属元素表生地球化学异常特征及其在垂向和侧向上的迁移规律。在此基础上,构建了该类景观区铜多金属元素的表生地球化学异常评价指标体系     

The Most Geomagnetically Disturbed 24 Hours

Geomagnetically disturbed periods, characterized by the maximum average 24-hour global disturbances are considered. Gumbel's first asymptotic distribution of extreme values is used to predict the occurrence of major magnetic storm periods. A geomagnetic storm similar to the one recorded on March 13 - 14, 1998, would be expected to occur within the next 13 solar cycles. The present analysis corroborates the substantial increase of the level of magnetic disturbances from solar cycle to solar cycle.     

局部地形校正的精密算法

对局部地形校正中的中央区奇异积分部分进行非奇变换,使用Simpson公式和Cotes公式推导出两种中央区的数值计算方法。试算结果表明,新方法可有效地提高地形校正的精度。