井周流场,水跃值与井内水位降深的关系

本文以单井稳定流抽水为例，从井固流场与地下水向集水井幅射流的涌水量方程入手，阐明井结构，井周泥浆堵塞和井内水位降深的关系。证明了水跃值是井周泥浆堵塞降深与井周三维流域或紊流引起的二次项降深（简称“井损“）之代数和，并得出了水跃值不同组成部分随井内降深变化而变化的规律。从而提出了消除水跃值，利用裘布依涌水量方程进行水文地质参数计算。     

A semi-empirical formula for evaluating residual strain of soils under earthquake loading

A new semi-empirical formula for evaluating the residual strain of soils under earthquake loading is presented in this paper based on the incremental method and the increment model proposed by the authors. When the incident loading is uniform, the results calculated by the new formula are nearly the same as those by the existing formula. For excitation of the random earthquake loading, the results calculated by the new formula are compared to the results obtained by dynamic triaxial tests. The dynamic triaxial tests had been performed considering different seismic waves, confining stresses,consolidation ratios, and types of cohesive soils. The comparison between the calculated and tested results indicate that the presented formula can efficiently and practically describe the time-dependent process of the soil residual strains under actual seismic loads.     

Soil behaviour under dynamic loading conditions: experimental procedures and statistical trends

Soil behaviour under dynamic conditions is a crucial component of several studies concerned with the environmental effects of earthquakes, risk assessment and geological hazards. This work presents experimental procedures for studying soil behaviour under repeated loading and examines the role of uncertain parameters in the expected soil performance. Laboratory techniques are used to obtain stress controlled cyclic triaxial soil measurements, and a series of test programs are performed in order to study general statistical trends in the response of soils under simulated earthquake conditions, to investigate the processes causing soil failure, and to examine factors that may influence the results obtained in the laboratory.This work has been supported by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Grant no. P42-ES05948 and P30-ES10126) and the Army Research Office (DAAG55-98-1-0289).     

长珲高速公路某边坡锚索受力分析及选型

压力分散型锚索以其合理的受力机理及其在软弱土体中能更有效地发挥土体承载能力的优势取得了在本工程中的优选。主要介绍了该类型锚索的特点、作用机理和张拉程序，同时对工程的施工情况作了简述。     

Shallow-water loading tides in Japan from superconducting gravimetry

Gravity observations from superconducting gravimeters are used to observe loading effects from shallow-water tides on the Japanese east and west coasts. Non-linear third-diurnal and higher-frequency shallow-water tides are identified in the tide-gauge observations from these coastal areas. The most energetic constituents in the tide gauge observations are also seen in the gravity observations due to their loading effects on the deformation of the Earth. Even though the shallow-water tides at the Japanese east coast have an amplitude of only a few millimetres, they are still able to generate a loading signal at gravity sites located several hundred kilometres inland. In particular, the S₃, S₄ and S₅ solar tides occur in both gravity and tide gauge observations. It is indicated that in other shelf regions with large shallow water tides, the shallow water loading signals account for a significant signal, which should be taken into account.Acknowledgement The authors would like to thank the Hydrographic and Oceanographic Department (Japan Coast Guard), Japan Meteorological Agency and Hokkaido Development Agency for access to the tide-gauge data. Also, the Global Geodynamic Project Information System and Data Center (GGP-ISDC) is acknowledged for providing the gravity data.     

上海湖沼平原浅层硬土对单桩承载力的影响

从现有计算单桩承载力的方法出发,结合工程实践分析上海湖沼平原地区浅层硬土对预制短桩承载力的影响.上海泻湖沼泽平原地区的地基土层次分布与上海市区滨海平原有较大差别,存在较厚的浅部硬塑态粉质粘土和中密性砂质粉土层(称为浅层硬土),该层土具有压缩性低、承载力高的特点.通过现场静载荷试验比较了按现行规范计算单桩承载力和实测结果的差异,分析了浅层硬土中预制短桩的极限侧摩阻力,讨论了侧摩阻力和静力触探比贯入阻力的关系,所得研究结果可为今后相关场地的类似工程建设提供参考.     

Influence of the modified global ocean tide model with local tides of East and South China Seas on load gravity in China and its neighbor area

Introduction With the development of science and technology, the accuracy of gravity measurement is im-proved. The gravity observation with FG5 gravimeter has reached accuracy of μ magnitude. And the high accurate superconducting gravimeter can detect the tiny signal of 10?2 μ magnitude in frequency domain. With the high-accuracy gravity observation on Earth′s surface, the Earth′s tidal parameters can be determined precisely. And the observations can also be used to invert the struc-ture…     

DISCONTINUOUS FLOW OF TURBID DENSITY CURRENTS II.INTERNAL HYDRAULIC JUMP

1 INTERNAL HYDRAULIC JUMPS AND LOCAL WATER ENTRAINMENT Traveling and stationary internal hydraulic jumps in two-layer flow can occur in the following situations (Fig. 1). When a stratified fluid flows over an obstacle created by a sudden blockage, the layer of increased depth within the heavier fluid will propagate upstream as a traveling hydraulic jump. When the heavier fluid overtops the obstacle it will flow along the downstream face of the obstacle as a supercritical flow…     

上流式曝气生物滤池深度处理炼油厂外排污水

炼油厂外排污水水质复杂,可生化性已较差,但上流式曝气生物滤池对其有较好的处理效果.研究结果表明曝气生物滤池处理炼油厂外排污水在有机负荷(COD)为 4.39 kg·m-3·d-1、水力负荷为3 m3· m-2·h-1、气水比为31下,COD、NH3-N的去除率达到81.9%、73.2%;曝气生物滤池的主要影响因素依次是水力负荷、气水比、有机负荷;得到的经验速度方程与Monod方程基本吻合.该实验为炼油厂外排污水再生回用提供了一种工艺方法.