从国家自然科学基金项目分析遥感领域热点

以2000~2013年国家自然科学基金资助的遥感领域1172个项目为样本,系统分析了遥感领域近10年来研究方向：遥感机理研究、遥感数据处理与分析方法、遥感定量反演模型与方法、遥感动态监测与预测以及遥感产品真实性检验等。根据研究方向的具体研究内容细化子研究方向,得到遥感领域的研究热点及其变迁情况,并进一步以关键词统计方式阐述了近年来相对集中的热点问题。     

热点分析在国情监测数据分析中的应用初探

进行地理国情监测是为了使管理部门及时掌握不断变化的自然以及人文环境的变迁信息。地理国情监测包括数据的采集、存储、统计和分析等多项内容。其中数据分析包括对数据基本统计分析以及数据挖掘。作为深层次数据分析和挖掘的有效工具,空间聚类分析可以很好地分析数据之间的内在联系。本文选用热点分析,对规划容积率与土地利用数据进行分析,得到规划数据的空间聚集性结果与土地利用数据之间的关系,为地理国情监测数据分析提供参考。     

Evolution and prospect of financial inclusion research in China from the perspective of financial geography北大核心CSCD

普惠金融对降低贫困和促进发展成果分享具有重要意义,是国际金融地理学的重要研究议题。论文基于2005—2021年中国知网CNKI数据库3421篇核心期刊论文,利用知识图谱可视化技术分析了中国普惠金融研究的基本特征和热点演化,结果表明:(1)学术成果经历缓慢增长、快速增长、加速增长3个阶段,研究热点经由金融排斥、普惠金融到数字普惠金融的演化,其中农村、区域差异、空间格局及发展效应是各阶段的共同关注;(2)国内普惠金融研究具有学科交叉性、包容性、开放性,多学科的参与推动着普惠金融研究的蓬勃发展,在学科交叉融合过程中,不同学科又有各自的关注点;(3)基于金融地理学视角,提出普惠金融发展的空间过程、地方普惠金融发展的文化经济因素与关系网络、普惠金融的发展效应、金融科技的空间性及其潜在影响等未来研究议题。     

Geospatial Analysis of Space–Time Patterning of ENSO Forced Daily Precipitation Distributions in the Gulf of Mexico

The Gulf of Mexico experiences significant changes in the distribution of daily precipitation totals that are linked to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This research uses geospatial techniques to examine distribution patterns of ENSO-related precipitation. Kolmogorov–Smirnov test results comparing daily rainfall distributions for El Niño and La Niña are mapped at a 1° × 1° latitude/longitude resolution, and hotspot analysis using local Moran's I is performed to identify spatial clustering. Results indicate that ENSO-forced spatial and temporal variation in daily precipitation distributions influence large areas of the Gulf of Mexico region from August through January.     

Review of the development of digital earth research during 1998–2015 based on a bibliometric analysis

ABSTRACT

Since Al Gore created the vision for Digital Earth in 1998, a wide range of research in this field has been published in journals. However, little attention has been paid to bibliometric analysis of the literature on Digital Earth. This study uses a bibliometric analysis methodology to study the publications related to Digital Earth in the Science Citation Index database and Social Science Citation Index database (via the Web of Science online services) during the period from 1998 to 2015. In this paper, we developed a novel keyword set for ‘Digital Earth’. Using this keyword set, 11,061 scientific articles from 23 subject categories were retrieved. Based on the searched articles, we analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of publication outputs, the subject categories and the major journals. Then, authors’ performance, affiliations, cooperation, and funding institutes were evaluated. Finally, keywords were examined. Through keyword clustering, research hotspots in the field of Digital Earth were detected. We assume that the results coincide well with the position of Digital Earth research in the context of big data.     

基于位置签到数据的城市空间分析与可视化

微博签到是一种典型的基于位置的社交服务,反映出社交用户与城市公共空间的互动,海量的社交位置签到数据为城市研究提供了全新的视角。本文基于香港、深圳两个城市2014年1月至2015年1月时间段内的新浪微博签到数据,从签到数据空间特性、旅游热点分布和居民活动空间3个方面对城市空间进行了综合分析:空间相关性分析结果表明签到事件在城市空间的分布具有明显的聚集性,并根据空间扫描统计结果依次标识出签到事件高值聚集区;针对旅游类签到数据分析发现两城市旅游关注度的时间变化趋势一致且峰值与我国假期时间分布相吻合,旅游热点主要分布于城市中心地带;以签到事件的规模、强度和集聚程度作为居民活动的表征分析城市活动空间特征,结果表明居民活动的核心圈层受到传统行政区划影响但分布已初步呈现"多心开敞"的空间形态。     

热点研究述评

热点假说在创立之初曾被拒绝发表，如今却是地学研究的前沿和热点课题，它给我们认识全球构造动力学机制提供了新思路。本文介绍了热点与地幔柱理论研究中的一些新认识及其存在争论的热点问题，如热点既有热的，也有不那么热的；既有干的，也有湿的；既有已达地表而出露的，也有正在上升而暂时隐伏的；既有热量的也有化学的，等等；认为它对于认识地球结构与深层次物质运动具有重要意义。板块学说主要涉及地球表层的水平运动，而热点     

大别造山带与郯庐断裂带壳、幔结构和陆内“俯冲”的耦合效应

地质学家基于岩石年代学、峰期变质的压力差和阿尔卑斯变质沉积岩中柯石英的发现，推断在大别造山带地区发现的柯石英和榴辉岩乃是地幔深处120km左右折返至地壳浅部的结果.为了提供大别造山带与郯庐断裂带地域的壳、幔深部结构与深层动力过程的定量判据，本文利用瑞利（Rayleigh）波的频散效应反演该区S波的三维群速度结构分布.研究结果表明：（1）该区存在一由东向西陆内俯冲的高速板舌，其下插深度仅达160 km.在秦岭—大别造山带地域上地幔70km深处存在一顶部宽约500km的低速地幔热点.（2）出露的含柯石英榴辉岩是大别造山带深部物质和能量的交换，郯庐断裂带强烈平移错动及板内俯冲效应共同作用导致的深部物质(上地幔)运移和动力学效应的综合产物.     

Older crust underlies Iceland

The oldest rocks outcropping in northwest Iceland are ∼16 Myr old and in east Iceland ∼13 Myr. The full plate spreading rate in this region during the Cenozoic has been ∼2 cm a⁻¹, and thus these rocks are expected to be separated by ∼290 km. They are, however, ∼500 km apart. The conclusion is inescapable that an expanse of older crust ∼210 km wide underlies Iceland, submerged beneath younger lavas. This conclusion is independent of any considerations regarding spreading ridge migrations, jumps, the simultaneous existence of multiple active ridges, three-dimensionality, or subsidence of the lava pile. Such complexities bear on the distribution and age of the older crust, but not on its existence or its width. If it is entirely oceanic its maximum age is most likely 26–37 Ma. It is at least 150 km in north–south extent, but may taper and extend beneath south Iceland. Part of it might be continental—a southerly extension of the Jan Mayen microcontinent. This older crust contributes significantly to crustal thickness beneath Iceland and the ∼40 km local thickness measured seismically is thus probably an overestimate of present-day steady-state crustal production at Iceland.