历元间差分定位模型的粗差探测法探测周跳

假设前一历元的测站点为已知点,当前历元的测站点为未知点,当前历元和前一历元相同卫星的相位观测值取差作为观测值,观测值与当前历元点位坐标的函数关系式称为历元间差分定位模型.本文以历元间差分定位模型构造误差方程,进行最小二乘平差,提出应用Baarda数据探测法对差分观测值进行粗差探测,可准确确定观测值中的周跳.实际算例验证...     

实时精密单点定位中周跳探测与修复的算法研究

提出了一种适用于实时GPS精密单点定位的周跳探测与修复的新算法。该算法步骤为：①利用M-W组合和电离层残差组合初步确定没有发生周跳和可能发生周跳的卫星;②利用当前历元与前一（或几个）历元的L1、L2和Lw观测值和第一步得出的没有发生周跳的卫星信息,采用基于历元间差分观测值的周跳处理模型对可能发生周跳的卫星进行周跳探测;③对第二步中周跳处理失败的卫星进行进一步的精化处理,以尽可能修复周跳。实验表明,新算法在实时GPS精密单点定位中可以准确地探测并修复周跳。     

载波相位差分接收机自主完好性监测研究

首先提出了浮点变换完全去相关法,该方法能够在单历元动态确定整周模糊度。研究了基于载波相位测量的完好性监测方法。利用最小二乘残差构造统计检验量,对整周模糊度进行检测。分析了定位误差保护限与卫星构型、漏警概率的关系。实测数据表明,整周模糊度在单历元动态求解的成功率为100%,增加1颗卫星将使垂直定位误差保护限减少约0.2 m,统计检验量检测周跳的正确率为100%。     

相空间重构在滑坡预测中的应用

针对滑坡位移时间序列的非线性特性,引入基于相空间重构和最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)的预测法.利用Cao氏方法确定嵌入维数,根据互信息法计算最佳延迟时间;然后在相空间中,利用最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)建立预测模型,对滑坡进行了实证计算,且与LSSVM模型和BP神经网络模型进行了比较.结果表明,模型具有较高的精度...     

Using snakes for the registration of topographic road database objects to ALS features

For historical reasons many national mapping agencies store their topographic data in a dual system consisting of a Digital Landscape Model (DLM) and a Digital Terrain Model (DTM). The DLM contains 2D vector data representing objects on the Earth’s surface, such as roads and rivers, whereas the DTM is a 2.5D representation of the related height information, often acquired by Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS). Today, many applications require reliable 3D topographic data. Therefore, it is advantageous to convert the dual system into a 3D DLM. However, as a result of different methods of acquisition, processing, and modelling, the registration of the two data sets often presents difficulties. Thus, a straightforward integration of the DTM and DLM might lead to inaccurate and semantically incorrect 3D objects.In this paper we propose a new method for the fusion of the two data sets that exploits parametric active contours (also called snakes), focusing on road networks. For that purpose, the roads from a DLM initialise the snakes, defining their topology and their internal energy, whereas ALS features exert external forces to the snake via the image energy. After the optimisation process the shape and position of the snakes should coincide with the ALS features. With respect to the robustness of the method several known modifications of snakes are combined in a consistent framework for DLM road network adaptation. One important modification redefines the standard internal energy and thus the geometrical model of the snake in order to prevent changes in shape or position not caused by significant features in the image energy. For this purpose, the initial shape is utilized creating template-like snakes with the ability of local adaptation. This is one crucial point towards the applicability of the entire method considering the strongly varying significance of the ALS features. Other concepts related to snakes are integrated which enable our method to model network and ribbon-like characteristics simultaneously. Additionally, besides ALS road features information about context objects, such as bridges and buildings, is introduced as part of the image energy to support the optimisation process. Meaningful examples are presented that emphasize and evaluate the applicability of the proposed method.     

Earthquake source parameters of the 2009 M_W7.8 Fiordland （New Zealand） earthquake from L-band InSAR observations

The 2009 M W 7.8 Fiordland (New Zealand) earthquake is the largest to have occurred in New Zealand since the 1931 M W 7.8 Hawke’s Bay earthquake, 1 000 km to the northwest. In this paper two tracks of ALOS PALSAR interferograms (one ascending and one descending) are used to determine fault geometry and slip distribution of this large earthquake. Modeling the event as dislocation in an elastic half-space suggests that the earthquake resulted from slip on a SSW-NNE orientated thrust fault that is associated w...     

山东数字地震台网定位子台网 选取对定位结果的影响

选取山东及邻区4个不同区域的地震,分析“定位子台网”分布对地震定位精度的影响,研究“定位子台网”的选取规则.探讨两种台站分布情况下定位偏差、水平误差、拟合残差随空隙角、近台距离、远台距离的变化;定位偏差及水平误差与拟合残差的关系.结果显示,速报时选择4-9个分布相对合理的“定位子台网”参加定位,结果较好,使用水平误差估...     

DSQ水管仪和SSQ-2I水平摆效能对比研究

SSQ-2I型水平摆仪器和DSQ水管仪同属倾斜类前兆仪器,两者观测原理不同,但观测物理量一致.相对于水管仪而言,SSQ-2I型水平摆属于新型仪器,有关其运行效能的评价很少.延庆地震台从2007年开始两种仪器同场地观测,通过年变幅度、滤波残差、周期分析、Venedikov调和分析、相关性分析、抗干扰能力等角度,对两种仪器...     

2010年1月12日海地 Mw7.0地震InSAR同震形变观测及同震滑动分布反演

2010年1月12日GMT时间21时53分,在海地境内(72.57°W,18.44°N)发生了Mw7.0地震.文中利用干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)方法获得了覆盖整个震区的高精度形变观测资料,用以研究该地震的发震机理.采用ALOs PALSAR数据,分析了轨道、大气等误差源对干涉信号的影响,最终获得了雷达视线向(LOS...     

气象卫星风矢量BUFR编码

为了与国际接轨且满足气象卫星风矢量产品国际交流需求的不断增长,开发了WMO新模板的风矢量产品BUFR编码软件。编码过程中通过附加字段提供了质量控制信息,描述符由早期风矢量产品BUFR编码的18个激增至254个,BUFR报文提供的信息更加丰富。编码结果表明非压缩编码BUFR报文的长度是压缩编码BUFR报文的9倍;为了便于GTS传输,宜采用压缩格式BUFR编码。压缩格式的BUFR编码有较高的数据压缩率（约53%）,非常利于数据传输。