全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3255篇 |
免费 | 742篇 |
国内免费 | 778篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 905篇 |
大气科学 | 354篇 |
地球物理 | 913篇 |
地质学 | 1536篇 |
海洋学 | 335篇 |
天文学 | 98篇 |
综合类 | 392篇 |
自然地理 | 242篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 13篇 |
2023年 | 39篇 |
2022年 | 111篇 |
2021年 | 123篇 |
2020年 | 164篇 |
2019年 | 198篇 |
2018年 | 168篇 |
2017年 | 184篇 |
2016年 | 216篇 |
2015年 | 263篇 |
2014年 | 208篇 |
2013年 | 243篇 |
2012年 | 247篇 |
2011年 | 237篇 |
2010年 | 193篇 |
2009年 | 231篇 |
2008年 | 206篇 |
2007年 | 243篇 |
2006年 | 211篇 |
2005年 | 161篇 |
2004年 | 146篇 |
2003年 | 148篇 |
2002年 | 110篇 |
2001年 | 123篇 |
2000年 | 90篇 |
1999年 | 78篇 |
1998年 | 85篇 |
1997年 | 56篇 |
1996年 | 46篇 |
1995年 | 48篇 |
1994年 | 38篇 |
1993年 | 28篇 |
1992年 | 24篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 17篇 |
1988年 | 8篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有4775条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
451.
在论述基坑水平位移常规监测方法基础上,针对目前基坑水平位移监测作业面较小的情况,提出了一种有效的监测方法,并对其监测精度进行了分析,结合具体工程实例说明了此方法的实用性。 相似文献
452.
453.
454.
455.
结合“海棠”台风(2005)定量分析非绝热加热对湿 Q 矢量诊断能力的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
湿Q矢量最大特点就是考虑了非绝热加热作用,各种湿Q矢量差异也主要表现在对非绝热加热计算处理方案的不同.因此,通过比较分析非绝热加热作用,可揭示出不同湿Q矢量之间诊断能力的差异.2005年第5号登陆台风"海棠"在7月19日08时20 H 08时,给福建省东北部及浙江省造成大范围暴雨.WRF模式成功模拟出此次台风暴雨过程.文章将结合"海棠"台风(2005)登陆台风暴雨过程,利用 WRF模式模拟输出的气象要素,通过计算降水场,定量分析了非绝热加热作用及其对湿Q矢量诊断能力的影响.结果表明:(1)对于公包括大尺度凝结加热的非绝热加热作用H1及包括了潜热加热(大尺度凝结加热和对流凝结加热)、感热加热和辐射加热的非绝热加热作用H2来讲,局地变化项的强迫作用较垂直平流项、水平平流项的强迫作用约小1-2个量级,可以忽略不计,垂直平流项的强迫作用是主要成分,对于水平平流项来讲,尽管其强迫作用明显小于垂直平流项的强迫作用,但也明显大于局地变化项的强迫作用,考虑其将更有利于充分反映H1、H2的强迫作用.对于包括非均匀饱和大气中潜热加热的H3来讲,水平平流项与垂直平流项的强迫作用相当,均为主要成分,而局地变化项的强迫作用为次要成分且不容忽视,对其考虑将有助于全面描述H2的强迫作用.(2)非绝热加热作用H1、H2以及H3强迫产生的24 h累积降水场具有相似的水平分佰特征,三者强迫产生的逐时雨量随时间演变特征也非常相似,这表明水汽凝结潜热是非绝热加热作用的主要成分.(3)进一步结合模拟降水场分析表明,相对于H1强迫产生的降水场来讲,H2与H3强迫产生的降水场更接近模拟结果,这揭示出包含H2的湿Q矢量与包含H2的湿Q矢量诊断能力相近,且对降水反映能力较包含H1的湿Q矢量诊断能力强.(4)不同湿Q矢量各自有其自身诊断特点,根据不同研究目的的需要,可有针对性的选取相应的湿Q矢量来作为研究工具.如需要具体、细敛分析水汽潜热的强迫作用,可以选朋包含H1、H3的湿Q矢量,如仅需考虑总的湿Q矢量强迫作用,则可以直接选用包含H2的湿矢量. 相似文献
456.
Comparative Studies of Different Mesoscale Convection Parameterization Schemes in the Simulation of Mei-Yu Front Heavy Rain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
The mei-yu front heavy rainstorms occurred over Nanjing on 3 5 and 8 9 July 2003 and were simulated in this paper using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRFv3.1) with various mesoscale convection parameterization schemes (MCPSs). The simulations show that the temporal and spatial evolution and distribution of rainstorms can be modeled; however, there was incongruity between the comparative simulations of four different MCPSs and the observed data. These disparities were exhibited in the simulations of both the 24-hour surface rainfall total and the hourly precipitation rate. Further analysis revealed that the discrepancies of vertical velocity and the convective vorticity vector (CVV) between the four simulations were attributed to the deviation of rainfall values. In addition, the simulations show that the mid-scale convection, particularly the mesoscale convection system (MCS) formation, can be well simulated with the proper mesoscale convection parameterization schemes and may be a crucial factor of the mei-yu front heavy rainstorm. These results suggest that, in an effort to enhance simulation and prediction of heavy rainfall and rainstorms, subsequent studies should focus on the development and improvement of MCPS. 相似文献
457.
风向变化特征在季风模拟评估中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
作者抓住季风风向具有季节性反转这一最本质的特征,引入了“有向转角”的新概念,它与传统盛行风夹角的概念不同,能够反映风向逐日变化的方向性和旋转角度的大小。用欧拉观点揭示了季风风矢量随时间演变的旋转特点, 体现了季风风向独具特色的季节演变过程。同时,发现不同地区风向的季节循环有6种基本类型:(I)先顺时针后逆时针旋转、(II)先逆时针后顺时针旋转、(III)完全顺时针旋转、(IV)完全逆时针旋转、(V)风向稳定型和(VI)风向变化不稳定型。且季风风向的季节性反转主要通过前四种旋转方式来实现。分析了这6种风向变化型的全球分布特征,研究了它们与大气环流系统演变的联系。并进一步将“有向转角” 概念用于IPCC第四次评估报告AMIP试验8个模式的模拟评估,结果表明,这一概念的引入能从逐日变化的角度凸显风向变化过程,不仅能够客观反映模式模拟季风风向逐日变化的动力过程以及风矢量旋转方式的全球分布,还能体现模式对大气环流系统季节演变的表征能力。研究还发现在这8个模式中,大多数模式基本能把风矢量旋转方式的全球分布形式模拟出来,但对于季风区风矢量旋转方式的模拟还有待于进一步提高。 相似文献
458.
Á. Sódor J. Jurcsik B. Szeidl 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,394(1):261-271
We present a new method for determining physical parameters of RRab variables exclusively from multicolour light curves. Our method is an inverse photometric Baade–Wesselink analysis which, using a non-linear least-squares algorithm, searches for the effective temperature ( T eff ) and pulsational velocity ( V p ) curves and other physical parameters that best fit the observed light curves, utilizing synthetic colours and bolometric corrections from static atmosphere models. The T eff and V p curves are initially derived from empirical relations then they are varied by the fitting algorithm. The method yields the variations and the absolute values of the radius, the effective temperature, the visual brightness and the luminosity of individual objects. Distance and mass are also determined. The method is tested on nine RRab stars subjected to Baade–Wesselink analyses earlier by several authors. The physical parameters derived by our method using only the light-curve data of these stars are well within their possible ranges defined by direct Baade–Wesselink and other techniques. A new empirical relation between the I C magnitude and the pulsational velocity is also presented, which allows to construct the V p curve of an RRab star purely from photometric observations to an accuracy of about 3.5 km s−1 . 相似文献
459.
Yves Grandati Alain Bérard Hervé Mohrbach 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2009,103(2):133-141
In the category of motions preserving the angular momentum direction, Gorringe and Leach exhibited two classes of differential
equations having elliptical orbits. After enlarging slightly these classes, we show that they are related by a duality correspondence
of the Arnold–Vassiliev type. The specific associated conserved quantities (Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector and Fradkin–Jauch–Hill
tensor) are then dual reflections of each other. 相似文献
460.
In the interior of the Iberian Peninsula, the main geomorphic features, mountain ranges and basins, seems to be arranged in several directions whose origin can be related to the N–S plate convergence which occurred along the Cantabro–Pyrenean border during the Eocene–Lower Miocene time span. The Iberian Variscan basement accommodated part of this plate convergence in three E–W trending crustal folds as well as in the reactivation of two left-lateral NNE–SSW strike-slip belts. The rest of the convergence was assumed through the inversion of the Iberian Mesozoic Rift to form the Iberian Chain. This inversion gave rise to a process of oblique crustal shortening involving the development of two right lateral NW–SE shear zones. Crustal folds, strike-slip corridors and one inverted rift compose a tectonic mechanism of pure shear in which the shortening is solved vertically by the development of mountain ranges and related sedimentary basins. This model can be expanded to NW Africa, up to the Atlasic System, where N–S plate convergence seems also to be accommodated in several basement uplifts, Anti-Atlas and Meseta, and through the inversion of two Mesozoic rifts, High and Middle Atlas. In this tectonic situation, the microcontinent Iberia used to be firmly attached to Africa during most part of the Tertiary, in such a way that N–S compressive stresses could be transmitted from the collision of the Pyrenean boundary. This tectonic scenario implies that most part of the Tertiary Eurasia–Africa convergence was not accommodated along the Iberia–Africa interface, but in the Pyrenean plateboundary. A broad zone of distributed deformation resulted from the transmission of compressive stresses from the collision at the Pyrenean border. This distributed, intraplate deformation, can be easily related to the topographic pattern of the Africa–Eurasia interface at the longitude of the Iberian Peninsula.Shortening in the Rif–Betics external zones – and their related topographic features – must be conversely related to more “local” driven mechanisms, the westward displacement of the “exotic” Alboran domain, other than N–S convergence. The remaining NNW–SSE to NW–SE, latest Miocene up to Present convergence is also being accommodated in this zone straddling Iberia and Morocco, at the same time as a new ill-defined plate boundary that is being developed between Europe and Africa. 相似文献