Wetland vegetation biomass estimation and mapping from Landsat ETM data:a case study of Poyang Lake

Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China. This paper conducted a digital and rapid investigation of the lake’s wetland vegetation biomass using Landsat ETM data acquired on April 16, 2000. First, utilizing the false color composite derived from the ETM data as one of the main references, the authors designed a reasonable sampling route for field measurement of the biomass, and carried it out on April 18-28, 2000. Then after both the sampling data and the ETM data were geometrically corrected to an equal-area projection of Albers, linear relationships among the sampling data and some transformed data derived from the ETM data and the ETM 4 were calculated. The results show that the sampling data is best relative to the band 4 data with a high correlation coefficient of 0.86, followed by the DVI and NDVI data with 0.83 and 0.80 respectively. Therefore, a linear regression model, which was based on the field data and band 4 data, was used to estimate the total biomass of entire Poyang Lake, and then the map of the biomass distribution was compiled.     

GIS专题数据综合的研究

随着GIS技术在各种应用领域的推广使用，各领域的专业数据与G1S的空间数据相结合，形成描述特定地理现象的各种专题数据。与GIS空间数据一样，专题数据的应用也由微观的、较为详细地描述小区域地理现象特征，转向宏观的、较为概略地描述较大范围地理现象特征，这是专题数据综合的主要任务。该文在讨论GIS专题数据类型及特征的基础上，着重分析了专题数据综合的基本类型，并提出了专题数据综合的概念模型，为GIS专题数据自动综合的实施提供理论依据和实施方案。     

空间数据库数据约束系统及其实现

空间数据库模型是构造地理信息系统的关键，如何在空间数据库中定义和实现空间实体间的约束关系直接影响到空间数据的完整性和一致性，是实现通用空间数据库约束系统的关键技术。该文讨论了传统GIS空间数据约束关系实现方法的局限性，提出了一个可扩展的空间数据约束描述和数据更新规则系统，并实现了系统原型。这一可扩展的约束系统将有利于解决GIS的多用户同步操作机制及分布式事务处理的实现问题。     

水土流失评价数据库建立中的数据标准化研究--以中国潜在水土流失评价数据库为例

在水土流失评价数据库的建立研究中，涉及到数据的标准化问题。该研究以中国潜在水土流失评价数据库建立过程中的数据标准化研究为例，探讨建立适合水土流失评价数据标准化的方法。研究包括了水土流失数据标准化建设中的评价数据库的设计、数据的标准化。其中，数据的标准化包括数据的收集与分析、数据的录入、投影变换、其它格式向ARC/INFO格式的转换、补充编制专题文档等。     

Interviewing in 'place': the socio-spatial construction of interview data

The intersubjective dialogic exercise through which identities and knowledge are constructed exists in a dialectic relation with the 'place' of the interview. The in situ nature of interviewing should not be overlooked. Two case studies of interviews conducted with older people in Britain about their social network and support are used to illuminate two aspects of the socio-spatial construction of interview data. First, interview sites can yield important information about the way participants construct their individual and social identities. Second, such identities can influence interviewer–interviewee dynamics.     

面向对象的GIS数据模型与实现

介绍了面向对象数据模型的基本概念，重点讨论了面向对象数据模型在地理信息系统中的应用及具体实现途径。     

多元回归模型在坝基渗透稳定性预测中的应用

在坝的失事事故中，渗透破坏占了30～40％。坝基渗流长期观测资料是病险土石坝渗透稳定性预测的主要依据。多元回归模型是定量处理观测数据的有力工具。本文根据坝基水文地质特征的差异性以及渗流场的非平面性，将多元回归数学模型应用于坝基渗透稳定性预测中，给出了在计算机上实现的计算算例。通过对陆浑水库的研究分析，对坝基渗透稳定现状及变化趋势的有了进一步认识，成功地解决了影响水库正常运行的坝基渗流问题，为水库投入正常高水位运行提供了详实的依据。其研究成果与其它方法结论一致，从而证明多元回归模型具有较强的实用性。     

北京城地域沿革及发展思考

位于华北平原北部的北京,东西北三面环山,形如海湾,中间为一小平原,是地质历史演变成的一块风水宝地。自春秋战国时期作为燕都蓟城,经秦、汉、晋、隋、唐、五代、宋(辽、金)等历代变迁,于金贞元年建都,至其后的元、明、清,多作为都城,先后定名为中都、中都永安府、大都、大都路总管府、北平府、北京、京师顺天府。自辽代起北京城范围比今北京大。北京城地域演变是社会经济发展和人们生活需求自然形成的,它应对现今城市规划布局、人才建设具有重要的参考价值。     

Analysis of Karst Tufa from Guangxi, China

The paper presents an analysis of characteristic karst tufa from Guangxi, China, which has not been studied before. A comparison with tufa from Dinaric Karst of Croatia is discussed in view of the C-type climate. The major mineral is calcite. Minor minerals are quartz and dolomite, depending on location. The content of calcium carbonate varies from 65% to 92%, and that of magnesium carbonate from 0.03% to 1.77%. Among other elements, the most abundant are Fe, from 0.02% to 1.50%, and Ti, from 0.15% to 0.27%. Many other trace elements (V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Hg and Pb) are also present. Specific activity of radionuclides 40K, 232Th, 137Cs, 226Ra and 238U varies from sample to sample. Concentration of U in tufa is close to that reported for sedimentary carbonate. Low concentration of 137Cs indicates that this part of the world was not exposed to nuclear explosions. The concentration of 226Ra is the highest in Mashan County. The ratio 238U/226Ra (0.21-0.71) in tufa from Mashan Co     

应用航放资料寻找非放射性金属矿产效果探讨

本通过对粤北地区已知的52个非放射性金属矿床（点）的地质、物化探特征的统计资料综合分析，建立了评价非放射性金属矿产成矿远景的航空能谱参数模型，结合重磁测量、重砂测量及金属量测量成果，预测了4片非放射性金属矿产成矿远景区。