深孔爆破装药结构优选数值分析方法及其应用

针对地下深孔爆破采矿过程中常出现的爆破后冲作用严重以及爆破块度不均匀等若干问题,以南方某铅锌矿实际采用的爆破、炸药和岩石参数为基础,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA对矿山拟采用的不同装药量、不同耦合系数的6种装药结构建立了数值计算模型。通过分析爆炸仿真过程中的Von Mises有效应力信息,结合爆破破岩机制及Mises屈服理论,确定了深孔爆破的最佳炮孔装药结构。现场试验表明,优化的装药结构爆破块度均匀且爆破后冲作用得到有效控制,基本上解决了矿山深孔侧向爆破存在的问题,研究结果为深孔爆破的优化设计提供理论依据和技术支持。     

我国矿产资源有偿使用制度体系的改革思考

我国现有的矿业税费制度体系,特别是矿产资源有偿使用收费制度体系无论在制度理论、收费项目设置、收取依据、收取标准和收益分配等方面均存在诸多问题.本文主要就矿产资源有偿使用收费制度体系中的制度因子——矿业权价款的经济内涵做了较为深入的探讨,在此基础上提出了我国矿业权税费制度体系改进的基本方案.     

大功率多功能发射系统研究

DEM-T70是自行研制的具有自主知识产权的大功率多功能智能发射系统,用于为地面电磁法勘探提供大功率的人工场信号.发射系统中采用了GPS同步、DDS(直接数字频率合成)、CPLD(复杂可编程逻辑器件)、数字式PWM(脉冲宽度调制)稳流和发电机励磁稳流等新技术,开发了多频同步供电、高密度频点供电、全自动扫频供电和大功率快速逆变等关键技术,研制出大功率(70 kW)多功能(CSAMT-可控源音频大地电磁、SIP-谱激电、TDIP-时域激电)电磁法发射系统,其最高供电频率为8000 Hz,最高电压1200 V,最大电流100 A.场地试验表明,发射系统功能设计合理、技术指标先进、性能稳定可靠,该系统填补了我国在该领域的空白.     

机械式海流计的电子电路设计与研发

目前业内普遍使用的机械式海流计功耗大,连续工作时间短,姿态测量精度较低,体积较大,存储容量较小,维护复杂,在需要长时间进行海洋观测使用时十分不便。针对这一实际问题,为提高海流计的性能,设计以STM32f103ZE处理器为核心,运用现代锂离子电池技术,存储技术,传感器技术,无线充电技术,无线通信技术,对机械式海流计电子电路进行了重新设计。样机测试结果表明:该设计功耗低,流向精度高,维护简单且可长时间在水下稳定工作,完全满足各种海洋作业中海流测量需求,具有很大的实用价值。     

电磁屏蔽对无线充电系统的影响分析

在介绍电磁屏蔽理论的基础上,利用电磁场仿真软件HFSS,建模仿真分析了电磁屏蔽体的屏蔽效能及其对无线充电系统耦合效率的影响.通过屏蔽体外特殊点屏蔽前后的场强对比,分析屏蔽效能;通过仿真接收线圈内一点屏蔽前后的磁场强度变化,运用相关公式计算互感变化分析其对耦合效率的影响.分析结果表明:采取电磁屏蔽措施,不仅能减少系统对外界的电磁辐射干扰,而且能增大系统的耦合传输效率.实验结果证明了仿真分析的正确性.     

云南保山西邑大型隐伏铅锌矿区季节变化对大功率激电找矿效果的影响

随着找矿深度的不断增加,大功率激电在寻找隐伏硫化物金属矿中发挥着重要作用。笔者通过在云南保山西邑大型隐伏铅锌矿床开展时间域大功率激电找矿工作发现,在干旱季节,覆盖层产生高阻屏蔽现象,直接影响激电工作数据质量和找矿效果。本文通过不同时间段大功率激电数据采集结果,结合激发极化方法的理论分析和数值模拟研究,阐明了季节因素对覆盖层接地电阻的影响,进而影响激电找矿效果,并由此提出了合理部署激电勘查工作时间的建议。该研究对提高激电找矿效果具有重要的实际意义。     

Hydrocarbon charging and accumulation history in the Niudong Buried Hill Field in the Baxian Depression,eastern China

The Niudong Buried Hill Field, which lies in the Baxian Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin, is the deepest oil/gas accumulation in eastern China. Its Precambrian dolomite reservoir occurs at burial depths of 5860 m–6027 m. This paper attempts to document the hydrocarbon charging and accumulation history in this field, which could greatly enhance the understanding of the mechanisms for the formation of deep hydrocarbon accumulations. Our previous study of oil trapped in fluid inclusions has demonstrated that the ratio parameters of the fluorescence spectral intensities at 425 nm and 433 nm (Q_425/433 ratio), and at 419 nm and 429 nm (Q_419/429 ratio) can be more effective for revealing hydrocarbon charging history than the previously-used fluorescence parameters such as Lambda max and red/green quotient as well as fluorescence colors. The hydrocarbon charging and accumulation history in the Niudong Buried Hill Field was studied with an integrated approach involving the application of these two spectral parameters of petroleum inclusion fluorescence as well as utilization of other data including homogenization temperatures of aqueous inclusions coeval with petroleum inclusions, and cross-cutting relationships of cements and “oil veins” in pores and fractures. The results indicate that the dolomite reservoir in the Niudong Buried Hill Field experienced three episodes of hydrocarbon charging. In the first two episodes (between 38.5Ma and 25Ma), the low mature and mature oils, which were derived from source rocks in the Sha-4 Member of the Eocene Shahejie Formation, migrated into the reservoir, but part of them leaked out due to normal faulting at the updip margin of the buried hill. These early-charged oils were preserved mainly in small pores in micritic dolomites by oil-wettability and capillary pressure. In the Neogene, the basin subsided as a whole and local faults at the updip margin became inactive and played a sealing role. By approximately 13Ma, the source rocks became highly mature and the generated hydrocarbons then migrated into the reservoir and accumulated. Therefore, the last charging is the most important for hydrocarbon accumulation in the Niudong Buried Hill Field.     

自动气象站铅酸蓄电池充电技术探讨

分析了目前一些自动气象站设备在铅酸蓄电池使用上存在的问题，强调指出充电方法的重要性，并简要阐述了一种最新的快速充电方法的基本原理及其在提高铅酸蓄电池使用效率方面的适用性。     

冰晶异质核化对雷暴云电过程影响的数值模拟

引入一种新型冰晶异质核化方案,基于二维雷暴云模式,探讨雷暴云电过程对三种异质核化的响应.结果 表明:浸润核化是冰晶生成的最重要异质核化过程,较高数浓度的冰晶消耗雷暴云内液态水含量,抑制淞附过程,导致霰粒子比含水量低,表现为较强的负极性非感应起电率;接触核化生成的冰晶量最少,仅对雷暴云中下层3～5 km处的冰晶有贡献,同...     

Evidence of Multi—Stage Hydrocarbon Charging and Biodegradation of the Silurian Asphaltic Sandstonesin the Tarim Basin,China

Asphalts distributed widely in the Silurian sandstones of the Tarim Basin include dry asphalt, soft asphalt and heavy oil. These asphaltic sandstones underwent multi-episodic sedimentary and tectonic events, and their occurrence is diverse and complex, being mixed with normal oil usually. So far, very little work has been done on the asphaltic sandstone origin and hydrocarbon charging ages. After detailed study on the Silurian sandstones, the following highlights were obtained from the analytical results: distribution of the mixed asphalt, heavy oil and normal oil in the Silurian sandstones is the result of multi-stage hydrocarbon charging from the Lower Paleozoic marine source rocks; the characters of asphalts formed from oils of different charging ages are of difference; the most important process constraining the asphaltic sandstone origin is thought to be biodegradation. This paper was financially supported by funds of Petroleum & Natural Gas Exploration in the Tarim Basin from the “State 9th Five-Year Plan Period” Key Scientific Project (No. 96-111).