辽宁岫岩五道沟铁矿床地质特征

辽宁省岫岩县五道沟铁矿产于古元古界辽河群里尔峪组变质岩中,层位控矿的特点明显;铁矿体的围岩为黑云斜长变粒岩,矿体与围岩界线清晰;矿体的围岩蚀变不甚强烈,晚期构造和闪长玢岩脉穿切铁矿体,但对铁矿体无明显的破坏。该矿床与区域上杨林式铁矿可以对比,矿床成因属于火山沉积-变质铁矿,成矿时代为古元古代。     

青藏高原安多高压麻粒岩同位素年代学研究

本文报道了聂荣微陆块中新发现的高压麻粒岩锆石U-Pb定年结果及其围岩花岗片麻岩中黑云母Ar-Ar同位素年代学结果.高压麻粒岩中的锆石可分为两类,第一类具有核-边显微结构,核部残留锆石具典型岩浆结晶锆石特征,锆石U-Pb年龄541±8Ma～ 834±11Ma;第二类锆石具典型的变质锆石成因的结构特征,锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为179.0±1.7Ma.花岗片麻岩中黑云母Ar-Ar坪年龄为166.7±1.1Ma.年代学资料显示麻粒岩与其围岩均具有泛非期的年龄信息,麻粒岩的原岩经历了晚元古代-早古生代造山作用,并于早-中侏罗世发生了峰期高压变质作用改造,该变质事件可能代表着聂荣微陆块与羌南板块的碰撞拼合.伴随着早-中侏罗世的岩浆作用,麻粒岩及其围岩迅速抬升,抬升的时间跨度在13Myr左右,于166.7Ma左右抬升至地壳浅层部位或近地表.     

阿尔泰超高温变泥质麻粒岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

最近我们通过岩相学观察和矿物温压计算,首次确定了在阿勒泰喀拉苏附近存在超高温变泥质麻粒岩,其矿物组合为石榴石+斜方辉石+夕线石+堇青石+尖晶石+黑云母+斜长石+石英等。斜方辉石成分具有高铝特点,其Al₂O₃含量高于8.0%,指示了其峰期变质作用达到了超高温(>900℃)的条件。P-T计算结果显示其峰期变质条件为:P=~8.0kb, T=~960℃。初步P-T估算结果表明了一个峰期后近等压冷却的逆时针P-T轨迹。我们对其中锆石进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄测定,年龄结果主要分布于260~280Ma之间,具有峰值年龄271±5Ma,个别年龄为380~390Ma,继承锆石主要分布于450~500Ma之间。该年龄结果表明阿尔泰超高温变质事件发生于二叠纪,在时间上与二叠纪塔里木地幔柱活动的时间(~275Ma)高度一致,且也和该区广泛的二叠纪(260~280Ma) 后造山或非造山的基性岩和花岗岩侵入是同时的。因此,阿尔泰二叠纪超高温变泥质麻粒岩的形成,可能与由二叠纪塔里木地幔柱活动引起的岩浆底侵和下地壳伸展加热密切相关,这也与该超高温变泥质麻粒岩的逆时针P-T轨迹所反映的构造背景一致。     

冀西北石榴基性麻粒岩中辉石的演化及其地质意义

冀西北石榴基性麻粒岩中的辉石可分为三个世代。第一世代的单斜和斜方辉石包裹于石榴石变斑晶中, 它们形成的温压条件为 T=750～830℃, P=1.0～1.26GPa。第二世代的单斜和斜方辉石分布于基质中, 它们和斜长石常构成120°交角的稳定共生结构, 形成条件 T=780～860℃, P=0.83～0.92GPa。第三世代的辉石产于石榴石的冠状反应边内, 形成条件 T=720～750℃, P=0.554～0.679GPa。从第一世代单斜辉石到第三世代单斜辉石, 它们的Al     

Microstructural tectonometamorphic processes and the development of gneissic layering: a mechanism for metamorphic segregation

The Mary granite, in the East Athabasca mylonite triangle, northern Saskatchewan, provides an example and a model for the development of non-migmatitic gneissic texture. Gneissic compositional layering developed through the simultaneous evolution of three microdomains corresponding to original plagioclase, orthopyroxene and matrix in the igneous rocks. Plagioclase phenocrysts were progressively deformed and recrystallized, first into core and mantle structures, and ultimately into plagioclase-rich layers or ribbons. Garnet preferentially developed in the outer portions of recrystallized mantles, and, with further deformation, produced garnet-rich sub-layers within the plagioclase-rich gneissic domains. Orthopyroxene was replaced by clinopyroxene and garnet (and hornblende if sufficient water was present), which were, in turn, drawn into layers with new garnet growth along the boundaries. The igneous matrix evolved through a number of transient fabric stages involving S-C fabrics, S-C-C' fabrics, and ultramylonitic domains. In addition, quartz veins were emplaced and subsequently deformed into quartz-rich gneissic layers. Moderate to highly strained samples display extreme mineralogical (compositional) segregation, yet most domains can be directly related to the original igneous precursors. The Mary granite was emplaced at approximately 900 °C and 1.0 GPa and was metamorphosed at approximately 750 °C and 1.0 GPa. The igneous rocks crystallized in the medium-pressure granulite field (Opx–Pl) but were metamorphosed on cooling into the high-pressure (Grt–Cpx–Pl) granulite field. The compositional segregation resulted from a dynamic, mutually reinforcing interaction between deformation, metamorphic and igneous processes in the deep crust. The production of gneissic texture by processes such as these may be the inevitable result of isobaric cooling of igneous rocks within a tectonically active deep crust.     

中国东南新生代玄武岩中麻粒岩相捕虏体的新发现及其意义

本文报道了在中国东南地区女山、桂子山、西垄和麒麟等地新生代玄武岩中新发现的麻粒岩相捕虏体。研究显示女山存在多种岩石类型的捕虏体,其中本次研究新发现的石榴子石麻粒岩与二辉麻粒岩在矿物化学和形成条件上明显不同。石榴子石麻粒岩的次透辉石（富Al2O3,Na2O)、紫苏辉石（富Al2O3) 形成于较深（＞40km)的下地壳,厚的地壳和较低的地温梯度（20－24℃/km)表明当时女山处于相对稳定的克拉通环境;女山二辉麻粒岩的次透辉石和紫苏辉石（贫Al2O3,Na2O)形成于较高地温梯度（31－34℃/km）的构造背景,指示当时女山处于活动大陆边缘或裂谷环境。复杂的岩石类型和不同的形成条件表明女山的下地壳是由多期岩浆活动的产物组成。广东麒麟和雷州的二辉麻粒岩的次透辉石以低Al2O3和低Na2O为特征,温压估算显示它们形成于较浅部（23－27km)和高地温梯度的地质背景,指示当时华南处在强烈的拉张减薄的构造环境。浙江西垄和新昌的麻粒岩捕虏体的矿物学特征和形成条件介于女山和广东的麻粒岩捕虏体之间。女山麻粒岩捕虏体的岩石组合和形成条件与华北太古代麻粒岩地体和汉诺坝麻粒岩捕虏体相似,而与华南的明显不同,表明女山的下地壳隶属于华北板块。在华南沿海从北到南基性麻粒岩的发现,显示中生代基性岩浆的底侵作用普遍存在。     

Structural and tectonothermal evolution of the ultrahigh-temperature Bakhuis Granulite Belt,Guiana Shield,Surinam:Palaeoproterozoic to recent

We constrain the multistage tectonic evolution of the Palaeoproterozoic UHT metamorphic(P=0.9–1.0 GPa,T>1000℃,t=2088–2031 Ma)Bakhuis Granulite Belt(BGB)in Surinam on the Guiana Shield,using large-to small-scale structures,Al-in-hornblende thermobarometry and published fluid inclusion and zircon geochronological data.The BGB forms a narrow,NE–SW striking belt between two formerly connected,~E–W oriented granite-greenstone belts,formed between converging Amazonian and West African continental masses prior to collision and Transamazonian orogeny.Inherited detrital zircon in BGB metasediments conforms agewise to Birimian zircon of West Africa and suggests derivation from the subsequently subducted African passive margin.Ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism may have followed slab break-off and asthenospheric heat advection.Peak metamorphic structures result from layer-parallel shearing and folding,reflecting initial transtensional exhumation of the subducted African margin after slab break-off.A second HT event involves intrusion,at ca.0.49 GPa,of charnockites and metagabbros at 1993–1984 Ma and a layered anorthosite at 1980 Ma,after the BGB had already cooled to<400℃.The event is related to northward subduction under the greenstone belts,along a new active margin to their south.A pronounced syntaxial bend in the new margin points northward towards the BGB and is likely the result of indentation by an anticlinorial flexural bulge of the subducting plate.Tearing of the subducting oceanic plate along this bulge explains why the charnockites are restricted to the BGB.The BGB subsequently experienced doming under an extensional detachment exposed in its southwestern border zone.Exhumation was focused in the BGB as a result of the flexural bulge in the subducting plate and localised heating of the overriding plate by charnockite magmatism.The present,straight NE–SW long-side boundaries of the BGB are superimposed mylonite zones,overprinted by pseudotachylites,previously dated at ca.1200 Ma and 950 Ma,respectively.The 1200 Ma mylonites reflect transpressional popping-up of the BGB,caused by EW-directed intraplate principal compressive stresses from Grenvillian collision preserved under the eastern Andes.Further exhumation of the BGB involved the 950 Ma pseudotachylite decorated faulting,and Phanerozoic faulting along reactivated Meso-and Neoproterozoic lineaments.     

中国西部元古代蓝片岩带——世界上保存最好的前寒武纪蓝片岩

阿克苏附近所发现的元古界阿克苏群为一完整的蓝片岩-绿片岩系列,我们通过野外调查肯定了这一认识,并认为它是高压-温相的变质块体,长40km,宽约2.5km.该变质岩由强烈片理化的绿泥石-黑硬绿泥石石墨片岩、黑硬绿泥石-多硅白云母片岩、绿片岩、蓝片岩及少量石英岩、变铁质岩组成.原岩包活泥质岩、砂岩、基性玻屑凝灰岩、块状熔岩、枕状熔岩及少量深海沉积物.蓝片岩的矿物组合:青铝闪石-绿帘石-绿泥石-钠长石-石英-阳起石.阿克苏群为世界上真正的前震旦纪蓝片岩之一,其变质年龄至少有800Ma.     

Early Neoproterozoic granulite facies metamorphism of mafic dykes from the Vestfold Block,east Antarctica

Proterozoic mafic dykes from the southwestern Vestfold Block experienced heterogeneous granulite facies metamorphism, characterized by spotted or fractured garnet‐bearing aggregates in garnet‐absent groundmass. The garnet‐absent groundmass typically preserves an ophitic texture composed of lathy plagioclase, intergranular clinopyroxene and Fe–Ti oxides. Garnet‐bearing domains consist mainly of a metamorphic assemblage of garnet, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, hornblende, biotite, plagioclase, K‐feldspar, quartz and Fe–Ti oxides. Chemical compositions and textural relationships suggest that these metamorphic minerals reached local equilibrium in the centre of the garnet‐bearing domains. Pseudosection calculations in the model system NCFMASHTO (Na₂O–CaO–FeO–MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–H₂O–TiO₂–Fe₂O₃) yield P–T estimates of 820–870 °C and 8.4–9.7 kbar. Ion microprobe U–Pb zircon dating reveals that the NW‐ and N‐trending mafic dykes were emplaced at 1764 ± 25 and 1232 ± 12 Ma, respectively, whereas their metamorphic ages cluster between 957 ± 7 and 938 ± 9 Ma. The identification of granulite facies mineral inclusions in metamorphic zircon domains is also consistent with early Neoproterozoic metamorphism. Therefore, the southwestern margin of the Vestfold Block is inferred to have been buried to depths of ~30–35 km beneath the Rayner orogen during the late stage of the late Mesoproterozoic/early Neoproterozoic collision between the Indian craton and east Antarctica (i.e. the Lambert Terrane or the Ruker craton including the Lambert Terrane). The lack of penetrative deformation and intensive fluid–rock interaction in the rigid Vestfold Block prevented the nucleation and growth of garnet and resulted in the heterogeneous granulite facies metamorphism of the mafic dykes.     

山东沂水麻粒岩杂岩中的变质流体及地质意义

山东沂水麻粒岩杂岩中含有大量高密度富ＣＯ＿２流体包裹体，伴随有ＣＯ＿２－Ｈ２Ｏ，ＣＯ＿２±Ｎ＿２±ｃＨ＿４的包裹体。对这些包裹体的产状、分布和组成等特征进行了详细的岩相学研究，并选择有代表性样品进行了显微测温和激光拉曼探针分析。结合本区地质和岩石学研究成果确定沂水麻粒岩杂岩峰期变质温度为８００℃，压力为０．７５ＧＰａ。对变质流体组成、演化及其成岩意义也进行了讨论。