一种新的基于相关性的层次型分布式入侵检测模型

针对传统的分布式入侵检测模型的局限性,提出了一种新的基于相关性的层次型分布式入侵检测模型,有效地解决分布式模型中通信代价和检测准确性的矛盾。核心思想是:检测代理间的协作程度应该和其相关性成正比。通过量化检测代理间的相关性,将整个分布式系统分割成多个高度相关的子系统,而子系统间通过动态代言人机制进行协作,有效地减少分布式系统中低价值的通信。最后从理论上证明了有效性和高效性。     

基于分层自适应部分模型的遥感图像飞机目标检测

提出一种基于分层自适应部分模型(HAPM,hierarchical adaptive part-based model)的目标检测方法,用于遥感图像的飞机目标检测。针对目前目标检测方法在子类型数目确定、模型多分辨率结构关系方面存在的不足,构造如下算法:首先构建一个扩展的Part-based Model模型;其次,分别从子类型的自适应选择、子类型的多层次建模和检测阶段加权距离变换的形变优化等方面对其进行改进;最后,HAPM算法充分考虑了模型的形变,同时结合多层次的建模思想使得目标的检测精度和算法适用性大大增强。用收集的10大国际机场的真实遥感图像数据进行实验验证,证明了算法的有效性。     

T -distributed Random Fields: A Parametric Model for Heavy-tailedWell-log Data1

Histograms of observations from spatial phenomena are often found to be more heavy-tailed than Gaussian distributions, which makes the Gaussian random field model unsuited. A T-distributed random field model with heavy-tailed marginal probability density functions is defined. The model is a generalization of the familiar Student-T distribution, and it may be given a Bayesian interpretation. The increased variability appears cross-realizations, contrary to in-realizations, since all realizations are Gaussian-like with varying variance between realizations. The T-distributed random field model is analytically tractable and the conditional model is developed, which provides algorithms for conditional simulation and prediction, so-called T-kriging. The model compares favourably with most previously defined random field models. The Gaussian random field model appears as a special, limiting case of the T-distributed random field model. The model is particularly useful whenever multiple, sparsely sampled realizations of the random field are available, and is clearly favourable to the Gaussian model in this case. The properties of the T-distributed random field model is demonstrated on well log observations from the Gullfaks field in the North Sea. The predictions correspond to traditional kriging predictions, while the associated prediction variances are more representative, as they are layer specific and include uncertainty caused by using variance estimates.     

舟山国家石油储备基地堆载预压加固效果分析

介绍了舟山国家石油储备基地试验区软基堆载预压大型现场试验结果,根据现场试验测得的数据,分析了软土地基堆载预压下沉降变化规律、分层沉降变化规律、深层土体位移变化规律、超静孔隙水压力变化规律,进一步探讨了根据应力和应变分析得到的地基固结性状,其中通过应变分析得到适用于储备基地的沉降经验系数m。结果表明,打设塑料排水板结合堆载预压处理软弱地基具有良好的效果。     

真空联合堆载预压加固桥头软基地表沉降分析

根据浃里陈大桥桥头试验段的地表沉降的现场监测结果,主要分析了加固区的地表沉降随时间的变化规律、影响区的地表沉降特征以及对周围建筑物的影响;真空能量与地表沉降的关系以及停泵后的地表回弹量.结果表明,真空联合堆载能大幅消除沉降量,减少工后沉降量,达到防止"桥头跳车"的作用.     

激光扫描多三维视图的全自动无缝镶嵌

三维激光扫描点云在建筑物场景配准中存在同名特征难以区分、投票匹配算法复杂度高等问题。为此,提出了一种基于平面基元组的建筑物场景点云自动配准方法。平面基元组被定义为具有近似相同法向量的点云面集合。该方法从点云中提取平面基元,根据平面法向量方向,划分平面基元组,然后借助基元组搜索同名平面,利用单位四元数法估计转换参数。实验结果表明,该方法适用于建筑物场景,能够实现点云的自动配准。     

分层信息提取法在县域土地 利用/覆被遥感中的应用

高精度地获取县(或县级市)域土地利用/覆被的定性、定量信息对于维护生态环境和保障我国农村经济的可持续发展具有重要意义。针对2003年冬季所获得的江苏省新沂市的TM图像特点,选择分层信息提取法提取土地利用/覆被信息。首先对图像进行基于最大似然法的监督分类,观察分类结果,提取误分、错分比例最小的未利用地类型,然后采用光谱分析法提取出水体范围、监督分类和目视解译相结合法提取出城镇建设用地和农村居民点、归一化植被指数提取出林地,最后提取出耕地。信息提取结果与同期土地利用图相比较,整个新沂市域范围内土地利用/覆被类型分类的面积精度达到96.17%,空间精度达到88.38%,表明这种方法提取遥感图像土地利用/覆被信息是可行的。     

Detecting subtle hydrochemical anomalies with multivariate statistics: an example from ‘homogeneous’ groundwaters in the Great Artesian Basin,Australia

The major ion composition of Great Artesian Basin groundwater in the lower Namoi River valley is relatively homogeneous in chemical composition. Traditional graphical techniques have been combined with multivariate statistical methods to determine whether subtle differences in the chemical composition of these waters can be delineated. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal components analysis were successful in delineating minor variations within the groundwaters of the study area that were not visually identified in the graphical techniques applied. Hydrochemical interpretation allowed geochemical processes to be identified in each statistically defined water type and illustrated how these groundwaters differ from one another. Three main geochemical processes were identified in the groundwaters: ion exchange, precipitation, and mixing between waters from different sources. Both statistical methods delineated an anomalous sample suspected of being influenced by magmatic CO₂ input. The use of statistical methods to complement traditional graphical techniques for waters appearing homogeneous is emphasized for all investigations of this type. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Regularities in Spatial Information Processing: Implications for Modeling Destination Choice

This paper investigates the determinants of spatial knowledge and how our knowledge of space varies according to geographic location. By using data on U.S. city names recalled at 22 test locations, a multivariate model of the information surface specific to each test location is calibrated. This model links the probability of a city being recalled from memory to its distance from the test site, its population size, its location with respect to other cities, and whether or not it is a state capital. The paper then suggests that these recall data provide information on spatial knowledge surfaces from which large-scale spatial choices, such as migration destinations, are made. Results from the analysis lend further evidence to the idea that spatial knowledge is stored and processed hierarchically and that individuals underrepresent information in large clusters. Consequently, the results have important implications for modeling any spatial behavior based on individuals' spatial information surfaces. In particular, the results cast further doubt on the validity of traditional large-scale spatial choice frameworks and lend support to the competing destinations hypothesis.     

真空预压部分工艺的改进

详细介绍了含承压水地层真空预压施工工艺,打设塑排板采用撕膜和非撕膜施工工艺相结合,既可靠又经济;阐述了在真空预压过程中若砂垫层失效后如何采取有效的补救措施;提出了采用四周循环蓄水处理夹砂层漏气的办法,实际证明,效果良好。介绍了若干其他施工工艺,可为类似地质条件下的真空预压施工作参考之用。