MARINE SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR DEPOSITIONAL CONDITIONS OF MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC IN THE GAMBA—TINGRE BASIN,SOUTH TIBET:ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL STUDY

MARINE SOURCE ROCKS AND THEIR DEPOSITIONAL CONDITIONS OF MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC IN THE GAMBA—TINGRE BASIN,SOUTH TIBET:ORGANIC GEOCHEMICAL STUDY1　FuJiamo ,ShengGuoying ,XuJiayou,et.al.ApplicationofbiologicalmarkersintheassessmentofpaleoenvironmentsofChinesenon marinesediments[J] .OrganicGeochemistry ,1990 ,16 :76 9～ 779. 2　JenkynsHC .Cretaceousanoxicevents:fromcontinentstooceans[J] .JournaloftheGeologicalSociety ,1980 ,137:171～188. …     

Investigation on the geological and geotechnical factors leading to a major slope failure at a selected site on a Jordanian highway

During and after the very wet 1991/1992 winter experienced in Jordan, significant slope failures occurred along several sections of the new Irbid-Amman highway in Jordan. The topography over most of the route is hilly, and significant amounts of cut and fill were used to construct the highway. One such slope failure lies at 44+800 km on the highway south of Jerash City at a distance of about 5.0 km from Wadi Zerqa bridge. A landslide occurred downslope of the highway embankment resulting in a collapse of the most of the gabbion wall supporting the embankment. This paper deals with the overall stability of the slope at 44+800 km. It presents the geological and geotechnical studies carried out at this site, identifies the causes and mechanism of instability, and presents appropriate remedial measures. The study concluded that the landslide movement occurred within the colluvium material. It resulted primarily from excess piezometric pressures generated within the slope as a direct consequence of inadequate drainage. It is recommended to reconstruct the entire gabbion wall with its foundation seated on the sandstone that underlies the colluvium and to install a surface drainage system at the site.     

塔里木盆地三叠系烃源岩有机岩石学特征与生烃评价

应用现代有机岩石学方法，配合有机地球化学方法，通过对塔里木盆地三叠系烃源岩的研究，认识了一种较特殊的烃源岩类型，其生烃母质以菌解无定形体为主，不仅其实测镜质组反射率Ｒ°具有明显抑制作用，而且其生烃早，“液态窗”范围介于镜质组Ｒ°为０．４０％－０．９５％之间。这类烃源岩生烃潜力较强（相当于ⅡＢ型干酪根），实际上已进入成熟－成烃峰期阶段，并广泛分布于塔北轮南及其以南地区，预测展布面积达１．０－１．５万     

小秦岭东闯金矿区花岗岩浆活动的性质

东闯金矿区中生开岩交活动的特征是小秦岭地区这一时期岩浆活动的缩影。从钾长花岗岩墙－文峪第一次侵入体－文峪第二次侵入体，岩石向相对基性度增高方向变化，可能暗示区域岩石圈的热－物质调整从印支期至燕山早期持续增强。     

Lower palaeozoic and precambrian petroleum source rocks and the coalification path of alginite

Organic-rich samples derived from a Middle Cambrian Formation in the Georgina Basin, and from the Middle Proterozoic of the McArthur Basin in northern and central Australia, yielded alginite ranging from immature oil shale material to overmature residue. A maturation scale has been developed based on the thermal evolution of alginite as determined from reflectance and fluorescence. The coalification path of alginite is marked by jumps in contrast to the linear path of wood-derived vitrinite. Six zones have been recognised, ranging from undermature (zone I), through the mature (zones II/III), followed by a stable stage of no change (zone IV) to the overmature (zones V and VI). The onset of oil generation in alginite as evident from the present study is at 0.3% R_{o Alg.} and is expressed in a change of fluorescence from yellow to brown, and a coalification jump from 0.3 to 0.6% R_o of Alg. In many boreholes zone III can be distinguished between 0.6 and 0.8% R_o of Alg. where subsequent oil generation occurs. Zones II and III represent the oil window.A zone of little or no change designated zone IV, at of alginite follows zones II/III. A marked coalification jump characterises zone V, where a pronounced change in reflectance occurs to >1.0% R_{o Alg.}, signifying peak gas generation. The border of oil preservation lies at the transition of zone V and VI, at 1.6% R_{o Alg.} In zone VI gas generation only occurs.Comparison of reflectance results with experimental and geochemical pyrolysis data supports high activation energies for hydrocarbon generation from alginite, and therefore a later onset of oil generation than other liptinite macerals (i.e. cutinite, exinite, resinite) as well as a narrow oil window.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirms that alginite does not go through a distinct intermediate stage but that the percentage of unreacted organic matter decreases as maturation proceeds. A clear distinction can be made in TEM between immature alginite, alginite after oil generation, and alginite residue following gas generation. Alginite beyond 1.6% R_o acquires very high densities and the appearance of inertinite in TEM.Bitumens/pyrobitumens make a pronounced contribution to the organic matter throughout the basins and have been shown to effect pyrolysis results by suppressing T_max. The bitumens/pyrobitumens have been divided into four groups, based on their reflectance and morphology, which in turn appears to be an expression of their genetic history. Their significance is in aiding the understanding of the basins' thermal history, and the timing of oil and gas generation.     

走滑拉分作用与相山产铀火山盆地的就位

相山火山盆地是我国著名的产铀火山盆地。本文依据相山盆地深部地质研究成果以及大陆动力学理论，探讨了相山产铀火山盆地的就位机制。研究表明，相山火山盆地火山活动划分为两个旋回，其就位受制于区域深断裂的走滑拉分作用。即第一旋回的火山机构就位于NE向深断裂右旋走滑复活产生的EW向拉分构造，形成了东西向展布的裂隙式火山喷溢带；第二旋回的火山机构就位于NE向深断裂左旋走滑复活产生的SN向拉分构造与EW向基底断裂的结点，产生了中心式火山岩浆喷溢侵出。此外，还探讨了富大铀矿的形成机制。     

前寒武纪绿岩地体中金丰度与金成矿的关系

许多研究者认为,金丰度高的花岗岩和地层就是金矿床的矿源岩和矿源层.随着中子活化法和化学-光谱法的广泛应用,分析精度有了大幅度提高(可达0.01×10-9).大量的国内外资料表明:绿岩地体中变质岩的金丰度较低,平均为0.71×10-9~2.40×10-9,与金矿有关的花岗岩金丰度更低,平均只有0.62×10-9~1.20×10-9.因此,矿源岩和矿源层并不是人们所想像的那些特定的岩石或地层.所有岩石都可能成为矿源岩或矿源层.花岗岩和地层中金的丰度与金矿床之间不存在必然的联系,金成矿与使金活化、迁移和富集的各种成矿机理有关.     

地下越流排污工程实例及应用前景——以贵阳市金关片区地下越流排污工程为例

以贵阳市金关片区地下越流排污工程为例，充分利用水环境功能差异和有利的自然地理条件，采取地下隧道工程，改变污水流向，以达到饮用水源保护与经济协调发展的目标。     

四川盆地下侏罗统陆相页岩气源储特征及耦合评价

四川盆地陆相页岩气勘探前景良好,目前已在川东北地区下侏罗统获得良好页岩气显示和工业气流.与海相页岩相比,陆相页岩具有相变快、岩相组合类型多(夹层发育)、有机质丰度低和源储配置关系复杂等特点.运用"源储耦合"研究思路,利用宏观-微观结合的储层表征技术对下侏罗统自流井组大安寨段页岩的烃源特征、储集特征及其耦合关系开展了分析...