城市水资源的合理利用与可持续发展

自20世纪80年代以来，由于工业的高速发展，中国城市已由180座猛增至666座，城市人口和城市需水量都迅猛增长，造成城市水资源紧缺。城市发展也使污染问题日益严重，直接对水资源造成破坏，影响人体健康。地下水超量开采，引起地面沉降、岩溶塌陷、海水入侵等地质灾害，造成严重经济损失。针对以上问题，本文探讨了城市水资源紧缺的原因及其对生态的影响，提出城市水资源的合理规划、合理利用以及开源节流、保护生态环境与防止地质灾害的相关措施。     

中国西部地质灾害空间数据库系统建设

中国西部地质灾害空间数据库系统，采集了大量的西部地质灾害数据，利用GIS强大的空间数据管理功能对地质灾害数据进行管理，建成具有强大的属性查询统计、空间检索、空间分析功能的空间数据库系统。本文就建立这一数据库系统的设计思路、系统的组成和功能模块方面进行了阐述。     

山西省曲石湾地质灾害分布及其成因分析

地质灾害是由于自然地质作用和人为地质作用使地质环境恶化，并造成人类生命财产损失或人类赖以生存的资源、环境严重破坏的灾害事件。地质灾害是人类社会的重大灾害之一，它在我国种类多，分布广，对人民的生命财产及重要设施造成巨大损失，严重影响了当地的工农业生产和经济建设，影响居民的正常生活。本文通过野外调查和实际资料分析，详细论述了曲石湾地质灾害的现状，结合实际情况初步分析了地质灾害形成机理，该区的地质环境条件和气象影响着地质灾害的发生，其中大气降水和人类工程活动是诱发地质灾害的主要因素，最后为其治理提供可靠的防治措施。     

地震CT勘探原理及其在公路隧道病害诊断中的应用

地震CT勘探是一种新的地球物理方法。具有分辨率高、可靠性强、信息量大、图象直观的特点。可以广泛地用于线路、场地、隧道、边坡等项目的工程地质勘查和病害诊断。在元磨高速公路芭蕉箐隧道的地质病害诊断中应用地震CT进行勘探,取得了良好的效果。     

新疆地质环境主要问题

新疆气候干旱，降水稀少，蒸发强烈，水资源相对短缺且时空分布不均．山区、沙漠盐碱地、戈壁占地面积大，分布广泛，植被稀疏，绿洲分布有限，生态地质环境脆弱，盆地及周围地质环境破坏严重．山前平原。人类活动集中，工程建设引发的水资源失调拮竭，水质恶化，植被消减，土地荒漠化煤层自燃等问题日益突出．这些问题威胁制约着区域生态环境的良性循环，本从原生地质环境和次生地质环境及地质灾害方面，论述区域地质环境状况，阐明地质环境中存在的主要问题及其灾害，提出综合防治措施。     

城市群地震灾害特点与防震减灾对策

城市群是我国经济迅速发展的产物。我国东部地区已经涌现了大量的城市群。城市群地震灾害比单个城市的地震灾害更为复杂、严重。地震对社会经济的影响更大。本文首次对城市群的地震灾害特点、防震减灾对策进行了系统的讨论，并着重指出了城市群防震减灾研究的重点领域。     

New national seismic zoning map of China

1 Background of the new national seismic zoning map The policy of seismic disaster mitigation in the Chinese mainland is prevention first. According to the law, the earthquake design for ordinary structures must fit the demand of national seismic zoning map. Seismic zoning map is the basis of the earthquake design (TANG, 1998; WU, et al, 1998). The seismic zoning map must be updated with the progress in methodology and accumula-tion of the data. There are three generations of national seis…     

Seismic risk assessments and GIS technology: applications to infrastructures in the Friuli–Venezia Giulia region (NE Italy)

This paper illustrates the seismic risk preliminary estimates of two different groups of structures located on the territory of the Friuli–Venezia Giulia region (NE Italy) : the first group includes some special industrial plants, and the second group includes bridges and tunnels belonging to the regional highway network. The part of the study on special industrial plants tries to evaluate the degree of expected damage, taking into account their structural typology and ground shaking expressed in terms of macroseismic intensity. The second part of the study is an application of the HAZUS methodology to the tunnels and bridges of a highway network: the combination of expected ground shaking and the construction characteristics lead to very different risk levels, especially when considering the bridges. The resulting damage levels to bridges and tunnels are still only indicative because of the fragility curves used in the evaluations: they were developed for existing bridge and tunnel structural typologies in the U.S.A. Moreover, both examples show the power of GIS technology in storing, elaborating, and mapping spatial data. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Tsunami Hazard and Risk in Canada

Tsunamis have occurred in Canada due to earthquakes, landslides, and a large chemical explosion. The Pacific coast is at greatest risk from tsunamis because of the high incidence of earthquakes and landslides in that region. The most destructive historical tsunamis, however, have been in Atlantic Canada – one in 1917 in Halifax Harbour, which was triggered by a catastrophic explosion on a munitions ship, and another in 1929 in Newfoundland, caused by an earthquake-triggered landslide at the edge of the Grand Banks. The tsunami risk along Canada's Arctic coast and along the shores of the Great Lakes is low in comparison to that of the Pacific and Atlantic coasts. Public awareness of tsunami hazard and risk in Canada is low because destructive tsunamis are rare events.     

Treating the Risks in Cairns

Cairns is exposed to the well-known natural hazards oftropical cyclone, flood, stormsurge and thunderstorm, but is also exposed to thelesser-known hazards of landslip, earthquake and dam break flooding. Recommendations fortreating the risks associated with these hazards have been made that will involve amulti-disciplinary approach to treatment strategies, require the cooperation of allthree levels of government, involve public utility authorities and private enterprise andinvolve the community as a whole.This paper summarises the suggested mitigation treatmentoptions, presented to the Cairns City Council and identified in the LocalGovernment Disaster Mitigation Project conducted in Cairns in 1999/2000 by theQueensland Department of Emergency Services.