大兴安岭阿尔山迈罕特乌拉蛇绿混杂岩形成时代及其地质意义

基性岩年代学及地球化学精细研究有助于判别蛇绿岩套的类型及构造背景,在追溯和重建古洋盆的构造演化过程中发挥着重要作用。本文报道了新近在阿尔山西北部发现的迈罕特乌拉蛇绿混杂岩中基性单元的初步定年工作。对选自3件枕状玄武岩以及1件变质辉长岩进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年。结果表明,它们的年龄和锆石内部结构复杂多样,包含少量的热液锆石和大量捕获锆石,基性特征锆石次之并被定为玄武岩和变质辉长岩的自生锆石,形成时代为晚二叠世—早三叠世。枕状玄武岩地球化学特征具有LREE富集,类似E-MORB的稀土配分模式,而相对于E-MORB又富集大离子亲石元素,轻度亏损Ta、Zr等高场强元素。结合枕状玄武岩及变质辉长岩中锆石普遍来自陆壳成因的特点,我们推测迈罕特乌拉蛇绿混杂岩产自古亚洲洋封闭后,由于岩石圈拆沉导致的伸展环境,可能为时空规模都有限的新生陆内小洋盆代表。     

白云鄂博矿区北部韧性剪切带特征及其构造意义

在白云鄂博主矿北西约6.5km处的查干楚鲁一带,有一条近东西向延伸的断层带,前人在该带中部识别出了蛇绿岩混杂堆积。本文作者在蛇绿岩东部的大理岩质糜棱岩中发现鞘褶皱、拉伸线理及旋转碎斑系等变形构造,在大理岩周围发现石英岩型宏观压力影构造,在变质石英砂岩中识别出褶劈理以及方解石脉等相关构造,在这条东西向断裂带北边发现典型的黄铁矿型压力影。根据上述特征判断,查干楚鲁一带为一条近东西向延伸的韧性剪切带,同时具有NEE—SWW向逆左旋走滑的特征。该带揭示出蒙古洋板块与华北板块在晚古生代汇聚拼合的基本格局。     

A New Single Vacuum Furnace Design for Cosmogenic 3He Dating

Helium‐3 is a stable cosmogenic isotope that can be used to determine the time interval during which a rock sample has been at or close to the Earth’s surface. As a result of the high production rate of ‘cosmogenic’³He (≈ 130 at g^?1 year^?1) and the low detection limit of modern mass spectrometers, it is possible to date exceptionally young surfaces (≈ 1000 years). The precision and accuracy of cosmogenic ³He measurements depend critically on the passive helium blank (produced by the metalwork of the extraction furnace) which can be significant relative to the sample signals. We have developed and constructed, at the CRPG (Nancy, France), a new high temperature furnace (< 1500 °C) to extract helium in minerals such as apatite, pyroxene and olivine at 1050, 1350 and 1450 °C, respectively. The furnace demonstrated an excellent helium extraction yield (> 99% for olivine and pyroxene for heating times of 20–30 min and temperatures in the range 1050–1450 °C) and low residual helium contributions (the blank, obtained under the same analytical conditions as for sample extraction: 1 × 10^?15 mole ⁴He and < 4 × 10^?21 mole ³He). This is approximately an order of magnitude lower than those reported by other laboratories using conventional furnaces.     

综合物探方法解决复杂地质问题的一个成功实例

三维地震勘探在解决诸如小断层、小构造、煤矿采区陷落柱等方面的应用日益广泛。然而，由于地质条件的复杂性以及各种物探方法的特点不同，有时三维地震勘探方法需要与其它物探方法相结合才能更好地发挥其作用，本文通过一个成功的实例，介绍了利用三维地震和磁法勘探相结合，探测煤矿区小断层、古河床，圈定岩浆岩侵入体范围及边界的方法、特点和经验。     

西藏果芒错蛇绿混杂岩中硅质岩的地球化学特征及其形成环境

果芒错蛇绿混杂岩位于狮泉河—永珠—嘉黎蛇绿混杂岩带中段,是该带中保存较好的一套蛇绿混杂岩,其形成环境是确定狮泉河—永珠—嘉黎蛇绿混杂岩带构造属性的重要依据。对果芒错蛇绿混杂岩中的硅质岩进行了地球化学分析,为判断蛇绿混杂岩的形成环境提供新的约束条件。硅质岩通常呈几十厘米夹层产于玄武岩中,含有大量晚三叠世—白垩纪放射虫化石。硅质岩SiO2含量为71.38%~77.67%,Al2O3含量为8.62%~11.51%,MnO/TiO2值为0.28~0.35,(Ce/Ce?)SN值为0.92~0.94,(La/Ce)SN值为1.13~1.17,反映了陆源物质的影响,而V、Ni、Cu和V/Y值高于大陆边缘硅质岩,与洋中脊和大洋盆地硅质岩相似,说明果芒错硅质岩可能形成于受陆源物质影响且与大陆边缘有一定距离的环境中。结合变质橄榄岩、镁铁质岩墙和玄武岩的地球化学特征,初步认为果芒错蛇绿混杂岩的形成环境为靠近大陆边缘的弧后盆地。     

勉—略混杂岩带构造地质特征与金矿成矿——以陕西省略阳县干河坝金矿床为例

勉略带经历俯冲叠置、碰撞造山和陆内造山3个阶段构造演化过程。即俯冲期深层次褶皱与右行顺层（片）剪切变形、碰撞期中—深层次褶皱递进变形和高角度逆冲剪切变形、后主造山期陆内造山期中—浅层次左行走滑变形和低角度逆冲推覆构造4期不同构造变形。其中前两期构造阶段对金矿成矿产生重要影响。通过对陕西省略阳县干河坝金矿研究认为：俯冲期...     

Comparison between Nickel-Sulfur Fire Assay Te Co-precipitation and Isotope Dilution with High-Pressure Asher Acid Digestion for the Determination of Platinum-Group Elements,Rhenium and Gold

The accurate determination of platinum-group elements (PGE), rhenium and gold is important in both fundamental research and ore deposit studies. Questions have been raised by some authors as to whether the nickel-sulfur fire assay technique (NiS-FA) efficiently collects all the PGE. On the other hand, most isotope dilution (ID) techniques can only treat small test portion masses (2 g was used for high-pressure asher digestion; HPA) and this makes them more vulnerable to nugget effects. We determined PGE concentrations in ten reference materials with the aim of comparing the performance characteristics of the two methods. Both methods determine Ru, Pd, Os, Ir and Pt and we found that there were no significant systematic differences in the recovery. The advantages of NiS-FA were that: (a) it is capable of determining Rh and Au; (b) the relatively large test portion mass (15 g) reduces the nugget effect and (c) it is faster and less expensive than HPA-ID. The advantages of HPA-ID were that: (a) it determined Re and (b) it had low level blanks, lower detection limits and hence better precision in low-level homogeneous samples. Each technique had advantages and limitations; they should be considered as complementary rather than competing techniques.     

内蒙古北山造山带白云山蛇绿混杂岩的厘定及其对北山洋俯冲消减的指示

白云山蛇绿混杂岩带位于内蒙古北山造山带中部,呈北西西向展布,向东延伸至月牙山-洗肠井蛇绿混杂岩带,向西延伸至牛圈子-红柳园蛇绿混杂岩带。白云山蛇绿混杂岩带内发育俯冲期的糜棱面理褶皱、拼贴期逆冲断层系及隆升期走滑断层系3期构造变形,由不同类型的岩块与基质组成,岩块主要包括纯橄岩、辉橄岩、橄辉岩、辉石岩、碳酸盐化超基性岩、辉长岩、玄武岩、斜长花岗岩蛇绿岩岩块及硅质岩、灰岩和砂岩岩块,基质主要为蛇纹岩、绿泥片岩及砂板岩。在蛇绿混杂岩带中部发现保存较完整的洋壳残片,由南向北依次出露堆晶超镁铁质岩、堆晶辉长岩及变质玄武岩。结合大洋中脊玄武岩、洋岛玄武岩及晚寒武世岛弧钙碱性辉长岩的识别,认为白云山蛇绿混杂岩带寒武纪发育MOR型、OIB型、SSZ型等不同构造环境的蛇绿岩岩块,俯冲作用持续到晚志留世。     

基于Pléiades立体影像数字正射影像精度研究

基于Pléiades 1B立体全色影像,采用PCI Geomatic软件进行空三加密,利用RPC有理函数模型和不同像控点进行平差解算,对DOM平面精度和左右像片接边精度进行统计和分析,为后期利用Pléiades立体影像进行1∶10000 DOM生产提供参考。     

东昆中构造带清水泉地区变沉积岩碎屑锆石UPb年龄及其地质意义

东昆中构造混杂岩带主要由构造混杂岩块、古老基底岩系及原地沉积岩系组成,前人对其做了大量的研究。都兰县清水泉地区的东昆中构造混杂岩带中出露了一套变质沉积地层,作为清水泉蛇绿构造混杂岩的基质岩系,研究其形成时代、构造归属以及沉积物源,对于了解东昆中构造混杂岩带的时代归属及构造演化具有重要的意义。通过对变质沉积岩的碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素年代学研究,获得碎屑锆石年龄范围为1 847~437Ma,可进一步划分为1 847~1 729Ma、1 558~1 400Ma、1 295~1 112Ma、965~749Ma、552~437Ma 5个年龄段。通过年代学、岩相学和区域对比研究,将浅变质沉积岩的形成时代限定为（490±2.6）~（427±4）Ma,为早古生代,归属于下古生界纳赤台群,同时进一步限定东昆中构造混杂岩带的基本构造格架形成于早古生代末期。