河南崤山金矿床流体包裹体及同位素特征

崤山金矿床位于华北克拉通南缘的豫西地区,矿体大多呈脉状产于断裂带内。成矿期可以划分为3个阶段:(1)石英-黄铁矿阶段;(2)石英-多金属硫化物阶段;(3)石英-碳酸盐阶段。成矿期石英中发育气液两相水溶液包裹体(WL型)和H_2O-CO_2包裹体(C型)。石英-黄铁矿阶段发育WL型和C型包裹体,它们的均一温度为300~393℃,盐度w(NaCl_(eq))为1.6%~11.0%,密度介于0.57~0.82 g/cm~3;石英-多金属硫化物阶段亦发育WL型和C型包裹体,它们的均一温度为261~298℃,盐度w(NaCl_(eq))为1.1%~11.8%,密度介于0.74~0.89 g/cm~3;石英-碳酸盐阶段仅见WL型包裹体,其均一温度为193~258℃,盐度w(NaCl_(eq))介于2.2%~12.7%,密度为0.87~0.97g/cm~3。成矿流体具有中高温、中低盐度、低密度等特征,属于H_2O-NaCl±CO_2体系。崤山金矿石英的δ~(18)OH_2O值介于0.7‰~4.5‰之间,δDV-SMOW值介于-47.8‰~-69.5‰之间。H-O同位素结果表明成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水。矿石硫化物的δ_(34)SV-CDT值为0.7‰~3.9‰,206Pb/204Pb值为17.391~17.728,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb值为15.420~15.577,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb值为37.420~37.923。S-Pb同位素结果表明成矿物质主要来源于花岗质岩浆。崤山金矿为中温热液脉型金矿,流体相分离和温度的降低是导致矿质沉淀的主要机制。     

印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛Woyla金矿流体包裹体研究及矿床成因分析

印度尼西亚Woyla金矿床位于西苏门答腊地体北段,为一中型规模的金矿床。本文通过对含矿石英脉开展详细的流体包裹体显微测温、成分分析,结合石英的H-O同位素和黄铁矿的S同位素特征分析,结果如下：其中,流体包裹体研究结果表明,含金石英脉中的石英主要发育气液两相包裹体,包裹体均一温度变化范围为152～324℃,集中在200～280℃。盐度为(0.88～6.16)wt%NaCleqv,集中在(1.00～3.00)wt%NaCleqv,成矿流体密度为0.70～0.94g/cm3,平均为0.82g/cm3。成矿压力为9.63～25.84MPa,平均值为18.37 MPa。成矿深度为0.96～2.58km,平均为1.86km,以上显示Woyla矿床成矿流体具有中低温低盐度和浅成的特征。包裹体气、液相成分测定显示气相成分以H2、N2、CO 、CO2、CH4和H2O为主;液相成分中阳离子以Na+、K+和Ca2+为主,阴离子以富SO42-和Cl-为特征,成矿流体属Cl--SO42--Ca2+-K+型。氢氧同位素测定显示成矿流体δ18DV-SMOW=-78.3‰～-92.4‰,δ18OH2O=-3.0‰～-5.5‰,主要来自大气降水,可能有少量岩浆水参与。黄铁矿硫同位素组成为-0.21‰～1.22‰,平均值为0.34‰,说明成矿物质的S具有深源岩浆硫的特征。结合矿床地质特征和成矿流体研究,首次提出Woyla金矿床属典型的低硫型浅成低温热液型金矿床。     

准噶尔盆地腹部地区生烃增压定量化评价——东道海子北凹陷为例

目前准噶尔盆地腹部地区超压演化过程仅提供了相对时间、概念、定性的认识,并未达到定量化。本文以东道海子北凹陷为例,基于流体包裹体、单井一维和剖面二维烃源岩成熟生烃史模拟技术,采用生烃增压模型定量化评价了侏罗纪八道湾组顶部和底部烃源岩的生烃增压演化过程。研究结果表明侏罗纪八道湾组为东道海子北凹陷主力烃源岩,具有幕式排烃的特点。八道湾组底部烃源岩经历了3 次超压增加和两次超压释放的过程,顶部烃源岩经历了两次超压增加和一次超压释放的过程。八道湾底部烃源岩3 次超压增加的时间分别为距今170～70 Ma、55～23 Ma、10～0 Ma,对应最大压力系数均为2.0,最大剩余流体压力50 MPa,两次超压释放的时间分别为70～55 Ma、23～10 Ma;八道湾组顶部烃源岩两次超压增加的时间分别为130～40 Ma、23～0 Ma,对应流体最大压力系数最大亦可达2.0 左右,最大剩余流体压力44 MPa,超压释放的时间为40～23 Ma。     

Origin of ore-forming fluids in Qinggouzi stibnite deposit,NE China:Constraints from fluid inclusions and H-O-S isotopes

The Qinggouzi stibnite deposit is located in Huashan Town, Jilin Province, in the northeastern margin of North China Craton(NCC). It is controlled by fault structures, hosted within structurally controlled felsic dykes, predominantly surrounded by phyllite, schist and quartzite. This study presents the results of fluid inclusions studies, intending to determine the source of the fluid responsible for ore-formation, hence exploring its metallogenesis. The aqueous biphase inclusions are identified in the stibnite-bearing quartz veins of the deposit. Moreover, aqueous biphase inclusions are further classified into(1) biphase liquid-rich inclusions(1 a) and(2) biphase gas-rich inclusions(1 b) depending upon liquid to gas ratio trapped within the fluid inclusions. Homogenization temperatures for(1 a) and(1 b) range between 114.8℃ to 422℃ and 128.3℃ to 267.5℃, respectively. 1 a and 1 b have salinities of 0.18% to 16.14% NaCl_(eqv) and 1.22% to 12.88% NaCl_(eqv), and density range from 0.43 to 1.02 g/cm~3 and 0.81 to 0.98 g/cm~3, respectively. Sulfur isotopic analysis indicates δ~(34)S_(V-CDT) from 4.4×10~(-3) to 6.5×10~(-3), with an average of 5.2×10~(-3), whereas H isotopes values on δD_(V-SMOW) standard are-100.8×10~(-3) and-107.5×10~(-3), while O isotopes data on δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW) standard range between 20.1×10~(-3) and 20.4×10~(-3). Fluid inclusions study, combining with sulfur and H-O isotopic data reveal that the ore-forming fluids originated from deep source and were subsequently contaminated by meteoric water. Hydrostatic pressure calculation shows that the minimum and maximum pressures are 11.65 and 42.33 MPa, and relevant depths of deposit are estimated to be 1.16 and 4.23 km. Finally, we inferred that Qinggouzi stibnite deposit is a medium-low temperature, low salinity hydrothermal deposit, which is formed by deep source and later contaminated by meteoric water, and is classified as epizonal deposit in terms of orogenic series.     

伊-陕斜坡山2段包裹体古流体势恢复及天然气聚集条件

恢复自烃类生成以来的各个地史时期的古流体势, 有助于正确认识油气藏的分布规律.通过对鄂尔多斯盆地伊-陕斜坡太原组—山西组砂岩储层流体包裹体样品的系统分析, 将其油气充注划分为6个期次; 结合埋藏史分析, 确定出6期油气充注发生的时间.在此基础上, 运用流体包裹体pVT热动力学模拟的方法, 获得了6期油气充注的古压力数据, 并计算出伊-陕斜坡山2段6期次天然气充注的古气势, 分析了古气势分布及时空演化规律, 认为区域构造和热史演化是其主要控制因素.结合区域地质资料, 探讨了天然气运移与聚集规律: 晚三叠世中期至中侏罗世末期, 山2段储层气势西南高而北部、东北部低, 天然气主要从西南向北、东北向运移; 中侏罗世末期至早白垩世末期, 气势西高东低, 天然气主要由西向东就近运移, 再向北和东北向运移; 早白垩世末至现今, 天然气藏进入聚集与散失的动平衡状态, 形成现今分布特征.榆林及其南部地区是天然气聚集的最有利地带, 其次为神木-米脂地区.      

Improved understanding of petroleum migration history in the Hongche fault zone,northwestern Junggar Basin (northwest China): Constrained by vein-calcite fluid inclusions and trace elements

Calcite veins and cements occur widely in Carboniferous and Permian reservoirs of the Hongche fault zone, northwestern Junggar Basin in northwest China. The calcites were investigated by fluid inclusion and trace-element analyses, providing an improved understanding of the petroleum migration history. It is indicated that the Hongche fault behaved as a migration pathway before the Early Cretaceous, allowing two oil charges to migrate into the hanging-wall, fault-core and footwall reservoirs across the fault. Since the Late Cretaceous, the Hongche fault has been sealed. As a consequence, meteoric water flowed down only into the hanging-wall and fault-core reservoirs. The meteoric-water incursion is likely an important cause for degradation of reservoir oils. In contrast, the footwall reservoirs received gas charge (the third hydrocarbon event) following the Late Cretaceous. This helps explain the distribution of petroleum across the fault. This study provides an example of how a fault may evolve as pathway and seal over time, and how reservoir diagenetic minerals can provide clues to complex petroleum migration histories.     

岩浆包裹体化学成分研究

岩浆包裹体化学成分研究难度较大,为了获得可信的数据,应当注意:1.非演化型岩浆包裹体的化学成分可以代表其初始成分。演化型岩浆包裹体应先均一、淬火后再行测定。2.均一演化型岩浆包裹体应严格遵守加热规则,否则过热作用会使包裹体壁部分熔化,造成淬火后所测包裹体成分与其真正的初始成分并不相当。3.实测资料证明,“边界层效应”对于岩浆包裹体化学成分影响微不足道。4.岩浆包裹体的化学成分只能代表其主矿物结晶时周围岩浆的成分,即仅相当于岩浆液相线上的一个点。5。把显微冷热台测温、激光喇曼探针和电子探针分析技术结合使用,对查明单个包裹体中挥发组分的性状和浓度具有很大的潜力和前途。     

韭菜地等地的新生代玄武岩及其超镁铁岩包体的岩石学研究

韭菜地和鸡笼山两地的玄武岩为新生代的火山锥体,主要岩石为碧玄岩和碱性橄榄玄武岩,其中含有较丰富的超镁铁岩包体。玄武质岩石属碱性系列的钾质亚系,SiO_2不饱和,Al_2O_3较低且富含K、Ti和P等不相容元素,具有Al_2O_3/CaO值较高、M值在60—70之间、固结指数近于40、熔融程度低(4％)等特征,表明玄武质岩石是地幔橄榄岩低度熔融的产物。超镁铁岩包体中易熔组分与不饱和型包体组分相近,其矿物化学特征为:橄榄石的Fo值和斜方辉石的En值较低,单斜辉石的Al_2O_3、TiO_2和Na_2O较高,表明包体相对地富集易熔组分,与原始地幔组分相似。估算包体的矿物平衡温度和压力分别为1050℃和21.6×10~3Pa。     

On the significance of CO2 inclusions in plagioclase microphenocrysts in tholeiite from Moeraki,New Zealand

Liquid plus vapour inclusions of CO₂ are widespread in plagioclase microphenocrysts in small tholeiitic intrusions and tephra of the Moeraki and adjacent areas of northeast Otago, New Zealand. They imply the presence of immiscible CO₂ droplets in the magma at depths of about 7–14 km. Their presence within 5 μm of the edges of microphenocrysts as little as 35 μm thick and 118 μm long indicates minimal feldspar crystal growth during the final ascent and quenching of the magma. Delicate branching clusters of lath-like microphenocrysts escaped disruption during this ascent. Such CO₂ inclusions are a potential source of ‘excess argon’ perturbing K-Ar age determinations. Received March 24, 1993/Accepted September 10, 1993