采用力矩平衡原理建立地图视觉平衡模型

提出了一种基于力矩平衡原理的视觉平衡模型,该模型将定性的评估转化为定量的评估方法。基于C^#+ArcGIS Engine平台,利用3幅代表性的地图作为实验用图,证明视觉平衡模型的计算结果与用户的视觉感受一致。     

淄博市瓦泉寨矿区铁矿床地质特征及其成因

沉积变质型铁矿是山东省鲁西地区重要成因类型之一,含矿层位为新太古代泰山岩群。经过地表工程和钻探工程验证,瓦泉寨矿区C1、C2、C3、C5磁异常是由铁矿体引起。矿体总体走向NW,倾向NE,倾角55°~88°,厚度1.44~6.29m;主要矿物为磁铁矿;矿石主要呈粒状变晶结构、条带状构造。同时,本文对沉积变质型铁矿床的成因进行了分析,铁质来源与基性火山活动关系密切。     

西藏定结、定日一带上石炭统纳兴组重力流沉积及其地质意义

西藏定结、定日一带上石炭统纳兴组为一套厚度巨大的陆源碎屑沉积, 该组中部首次识别出重力流沉积.重力流沉积可划分为3个类型: 崩塌沉积、碎屑流沉积和浊流沉积, 以碎屑流沉积常见.通过沉积相和基于沉积物组分及地球化学方面的物源分析, 判断该区晚石炭世存在小型洼陷盆地, 其形成与晚石炭世海西伸展运动有关, 纳兴组重力流沉积与下伏滨浅海沉积之间具一伸展不整合.      

The spacetime gravitational field of a deformable body

The high-resolution analysis of orbit perturbations of terrestrial artificial satellites has documented that the eigengravitation of a massive body like the Earth changes in time, namely with periodic and aperiodic constituents. For the space-time variation of the gravitational field the action of internal and external volume as well as surface forces on a deformable massive body are responsible. Free of any assumption on the symmetry of the constitution of the deformable body we review the incremental spatial (“Eulerian”) and material (“Lagrangean”) gravitational field equations, in particular the source terms (two constituents: the divergence of the displacement field as well as the projection of the displacement field onto the gradient of the reference mass density function) and the `jump conditions' at the boundary surface of the body as well as at internal interfaces both in linear approximation. A spherical harmonic expansion in terms of multipoles of the incremental Eulerian gravitational potential is presented. Three types of spherical multipoles are identified, namely the dilatation multipoles, the transport displacement multipoles and those multipoles which are generated by mass condensation onto the boundary reference surface or internal interfaces. The degree-one term has been identified as non-zero, thus as a “dipole moment” being responsible for the varying position of the deformable body's mass centre. Finally, for those deformable bodies which enjoy a spherically symmetric constitution, emphasis is on the functional relation between Green functions, namely between Fourier-/ Laplace-transformed volume versus surface Love-Shida functions (h(r),l(r) versus h ^′(r),l ^′(r)) and Love functions k(r) versus k ^′(r). The functional relation is numerically tested for an active tidal force/potential and an active loading force/potential, proving an excellent agreement with experimental results. Received: December 1995 / Accepted: 1 February 1997     

EFFECTS OF TROPOPAUSE AND POTENTIAL VORTICITY ANOMALY ON FRONTOGENESIS*

A two-dimensional,semi-geostrophic numerical model incorporating the tropopause and stratosphere is used to investigate the effects of a positive potential vorticity anomaly and latent heat release on the frontogenetic process and the structure of the resulting frontal zone.It is demonstrated that(1) the inclusion of tropopause and stratosphere significantly changes the frontal structure only in the upper levels;(2) a clearly defined quasi-equivalent barotropic structure and a region of upward motion of finite width appear when a positive potential vorticity anomaly exists on the warm side of the maximum baroclinity in the lower troposphere,especially when it is located on the south edge of the baroclinic zone;(3) the above mentioned structure deteriorates as the frontogenesis proceeds in a dry atmosphere but can be maintained in a moist frontogenetic process with condensational heating;(4) the combination of a positive potential vorticity anomaly and the latent heat release is able to accelerate the frontogenesis significantly with the time needed to form an intense frontal zone reduced to less than 15 h.The results have significant theoretical importance in understanding the complex nature of frontal structure and frontogenesis,especially in understanding the dynamic structure of the subtropical frontal zone observed during early summer over East Asia.     

用Palmer湿润指数作西北地区东部冬小麦旱涝评估

根据Palmer气象干旱指数 (PDSI) 的中间量Palmer湿润指数原理, 计算了西北地区东部冬小麦农气观测站延安、咸阳等多个站点1961—2000年逐月Palmer湿润指数, 对各站点的冬小麦不同发育期的旱涝情况做了初步的验证和应用。Palmer湿润指数与Z指数对比结果表明:Palmer湿润指数对农作物旱情分析更具有客观性, 分析结果更符合实际情况, 因而可以作为我国西北地区东部农作物旱涝的评估工具。     

重力活塞取样器取样技术研究

现代海洋沉积物柱状取样技术是一套综合性的高新技术系统,它一般应该包括：优良的取样器具,方便灵活的取样操作设备,高精度的定位导航仪器和高分辨率的地形、地貌、地层探测系统等四个方面。我国和先进国家相比,取样操作设备方面差距最大,应该成为我国今后取样技术研究和发展的重点     

航磁异常的几种计算机分类方法

目前,应用计算机对航磁异常进行分类存在很大局限性。为克服这些局限性,将航磁异常分类的结果从定性水平提升到定量水平,这里应用三种分类方法在计算机上对航磁异常进行分类。经实例检验,分类结果令人满意,有效地改进和实现了用于航磁异常分类的定量方法。     

The Relationship of Land-Ocean Thermal Anomaly Difference with Mei-yu and South China Sea Summer Monsoon

Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for the period of 1948--2004 and the monthly rainfall data at 160 stations in China from 1951 to 2004, the relationships among the land-ocean temperature anomaly difference in the mid-lower troposphere in spring (April--May), the mei-yu rainfall in the Yangtze River-Huaihe River basin, and the activities of the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) are analyzed by using correlation and composite analyses. Results show that a significant positive correlation exists between mei-yu rainfall and air temperature in the middle latitudes above the western Pacific, while a significant negative correlation is located to the southwest of the Baikal Lake. When the land-ocean thermal anomaly difference is stronger in spring, the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) will be weaker and retreat eastward in summer (June--July), and the SCSSM will be stronger and advance further north, resulting in deficient moisture along the mei-yu front and below-normal precipitation in the mid and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and vice versa for the weaker difference case. The effects and relative importance of the land and ocean anomalous heating on monsoon variability is also compared. It is found that the land and ocean thermal anomalies are both closely related to the summer circulation and mei-yu rainfall and SCSSM intensity, whereas the land heating anomaly is more important than ocean heating in changing the land-ocean thermal contrast and hence the summer monsoon intensity.     

马山金（硫）矿床地球物理地球化学找矿模式

根据矿床的地球物理地球化学异常特征，磁异常与金矿体的关系，地球化学异常及其垂向分带规律，归纳出矿床地球物理地球化学找矿模式和找矿标志。