综合物探技术在钟姑地区三维地质填图和成矿预测中的应用效果

钟姑地区位于长江中下游成矿带,具有优越的成矿地质条件。本文通过在测区开展面积性和剖面重磁电测量,以岩石物性为基础,用已有地质钻孔资料做约束,对物探数据进行处理和反演计算,推断13条控制性剖面-2000m以浅地质结构,结合界面反演等处理方法,获得了测区主要地层界面埋深数据,编制了各个深度的地质中断图;在此基础上进行典型矿区分析和总结,建立地质-物探成矿模式,在合理的定向分析及定量计算条件下,圈定找矿靶区。     

Relationship between Crustal 3D Density Structure and the Earthquakes in the Longmenshan Range and Adjacent Areas

Abstract: This paper presents the 3D density structure of crust in the Longmenshan range and adjacent areas, with constraints from seismic and density data. The density structure of crust shows that the immense boundary plane of density distribution in relation to the Longmeshan fault belt is extended downward to ~80 km deep. This density boundary plane dips towards the northwest and crosses the Moho. With the proximity to the Longmenshan fault belt, it has a larger magnitude of undulation in the upper and middle crust levels. Density changes abruptly across Longmeshan fault belt. Seismic data show that most of the earthquakes in the Longmenshan area after the 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan Earthquake occurred within the upper to middle crust. These earthquakes are clearly distributed in the uplifted region of the basement. A few of them occurs in the transitional zone between the uplifted and subsided areas. But most of the earthquakes distributes in transitional zone from subsided to uplifted areas in the upper and middle crust where relatively large density changes occurr The 3D density structure of crust in the Longmenshan and adjacent areas can thus help us to understand the pattern of overthrusting from the standpoint of deep crust and where the earthquakes occurred.     

钟姑地区典型矿床的重磁找矿模式

钟姑地区位于宁芜中生代火山岩盆地南段,已发现有白象山铁矿等多个大型铁矿,是长江中下游成矿带以玢岩型铁矿为主的矿集区。本文以钟姑地区实测岩石物性参数为桥梁,以实测重磁数据为基础,分析了该区白象山铁矿、钟九铁矿和云楼铁矿的重磁场分布特征,并根据典型矿区已知地质条件,运用成熟的2.5D重磁联合反演技术进行计算,从定量角度认识铁矿体深部发育形态、位置与重磁异常之间对应关系,建立钟姑地区白象山铁矿等典型矿床的重磁找矿模式,为该区进一步找矿突破提供地球物理场信息。     

河南萑香洼金矿地球化学分带模型研究

河南萑香洼金矿床作为典型的构造蚀变岩型金矿床,通过研究分析该矿床F985矿化带的Ⅰ号矿体各类元素组分在不同地质体的含量变化特征,原生晕异常分带特征和地球化学轴向分带特征,建立了该矿床完整的地球化学异常分带理想模型,得出矿床地球化学异常轴向分带序列确定为:烃类、Sb(前缘晕)→As、Hg(矿头)→(矿中晕)Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn、W、Mn→(矿尾晕)Mo、Co、Ni、Sn,并总结出了找矿预测标志,为该矿区深部找矿提供了一定的科学理论依据。     

综合物化探方法在铁及多金属矿勘查中的应用——以包恩亨地区为例

研究区位于内蒙古包恩亨一带,地表覆盖较厚,找矿标志不明显,综合物化探方法对发现和圈定铁及多金属异常起到了重要作用,取得了显著成果。总结异常区的地质、地球物理和地球化学特征,对处于同一成矿远景区的其他地段寻找该类型矿床,具有十分重要的意义,为寻找隐伏矿床提供了依据。     

Laboratory Simulation of the Formation Process of Surface Geochemical Anomalies Applied to Hydrocarbon Exploration

The formation mechanisms and processes of geochemical anomalies used as proxies in surface geochemistry exploration (SGE) have not been well understood. Previous studies cannot realize 3D measurement of microseeping hydrocarbons from reservoirs to the surface, which made it difficult to understand the features and pathways of deep hydrocarbon microseepages. Understanding the processes of hydrocarbon microseepages will contribute to the acceptance and effectiveness of surface geochemistry. Based on a simplified geological model of hydrocarbon microseepages, including hydrocarbon reservoir, direct caprock, overlying strata and Quaternary sediments, this work established a 3D experimental system to simulate the mechanisms and processes of deep hydrocarbon microseepes extending to the surface. The dispersive halos of microseeping hydrocarbons in the subsurface were adequately described by using this 3D experimental system. Results indicate that different migration patterns of hydrocarbons above the point gas source within the simulated caprock and overlying strata can be reflected by the ratio of i-butane to n-butane (i-C4/n-C4), which follow diffusion and infiltration (buoyancy) mechanisms. This is not the case for vertical measurement lines far from the point gas source. A vertical gas flow in the form of a plume was found during hydrocarbon microseepage. For sampling methods, the high-density grid sampling is favorable for delineating prospecting targets. Hydrocarbon infiltration or buoyancy flow occurs in the zones of infiltration clusters, coupling with a diffusion mechanism at the top of the water table and forming surface geochemical anomalies. These results are significant in understanding hydrocarbon microseepage and interpreting SGE data.     

广东省典型铜矿床区域地球化学异常特征

广东省铜矿床具产地分散、类型多样、储量集中的特点。以八个典型铜矿床为例,探讨铜异常及其元素组合特征,得出:①铜富集部位对已知矿的反映较好;②规模相似的不同类型铜矿床,其铜异常面积相近,但铜平均含量差异较大;③斑岩型铜矿的Cu、Mo、Sb组合,岩浆热液型、矽卡岩型、复成因型铜矿的Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag、Cd、Bi、Mo、W、Sn、Mn组合,火山岩型铜矿的Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Ag、As组合较稳定。这些结论为进一步了解广东省铜矿的成矿规律及开展地质勘查、地质评价工作提供了一定的科学依据。     

Tectonic relation between northeastern China and the Korean peninsula revealed by interpretation of GRACE satellite gravity data

The major continental blocks in northeastern Asia are the North China block and the South China block, which have collided starting from the Korean peninsula. Geologic and geophysical interpretations reveal a well defined suture zone in northeastern China from Qinling through Dabie to Jiaodong. The discovery of high-pressure metamorphic rocks in the Hongseong area of the Korean peninsula, prominent evidence for the collision zone, indicates extension of the collision zone in northeastern China into the Korean peninsula. Interpretation of the GRACE satellite gravity dataset shows two prominent structural boundaries in the Yellow Sea. One extends from the Jiaodong Belt in eastern China to the Imjingang Belt in the Korean peninsula. The other extends from near Nanjing, eastern China, to Hongseong. Tectonic movement in or near the suture zone may be responsible for seismic activity in the western Korean peninsula and the development of the Yellow Sea sedimentary basin.     

重力取样器取样技术研究

在湖泊环境研究中，淤泥质沉积物取样是一项很重要的工作，样品的取心率和原状性直接影响了环境研究的结果。重力取样器是获取湖泊、水库等水域浅层湖泊沉积物的一种经济有效、操作简单的常用工具。因此研究重力取样器的取样技术对环境研究具有积极的意义。研究了重力取样器的取样技术，并在此基础上成功设计了一种便携式的重力式取样器，非常适合环境研究机构的沉积物取样工作。     

中国大型金矿床空间分布规律及找矿方向

我国存在８个金矿成带,每个放带均由数个金矿床集区构成,我国已发现的大型金矿床均赋存于金矿床密集区中,且具有与中小型金矿床密切共生的特点;因此,金矿床密集区的存在是寻找大型金矿床的区域性标志之一。