地震模拟系统的人机交互设计

当前的地震模拟系统存在用户指令传达不及时、系统反馈不准确的问题,针对这些问题,提出一种改进的地震模拟系统人机交互设计方法,构建地震模拟系统的整体交互流程。通过设计4×4按键电路、LCD接口电路,完成键盘与显示器之间的数据传输、用户指令的传递;同时引入虚拟现实技术设计人机交互的脚本、代码。实验结果表明,所设计的地震模拟系统人机交互模式的稳定性高达98.9%,准确率高达99.6%,能够有效实现地震模拟的人机交互。     

倾斜界面中反射波走时计算

对于平层界面和倾斜界面的反射地震波,基于射线理论,采用波动方程进行数值模拟;使用Matlab软件,编写2种界面不同倾角、不同震中距时反射地震波走时程序,绘制走时曲线,分析地震波的传播特点,为研究地震波在地球内部的传播路径提供参考。     

单重保温海底管线层间抗剪能力的室内全比尺试验研究

单重保温管较传统的双重管中管结构具有很多优势。铺设单重管最容易出现的问题是由于张紧器张力作用而导致单重管各层之间产生剪切力,如果抗剪能力不足产生相对滑移,就会出现拉脱现象,造成工程事故。以某依托工程采用的单重保温管为例,介绍了各层之间抗剪能力的室内全比尺试验方法,给出的试验结果可供设计参考。     

Statistical Investigation on Galactic Cosmic Rays and Solar Wind Variation Based on ACE Observations

Based on the Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs) and plasma observations from ACE spacecraft, the relation between GCR counts and solar wind parameters during the two periods of solar minimums (the years of 2007.0-2009.0 and 2016.5-2019.0) was analyzed by means of the Superposed Epoch Analysis (SEA) method. The results indicate that GCRs are strongly modulated by Co-rotating Interaction Regions (CIRs) in solar wind, the Stream Interfaces (SIs) sandwiched between fast and slow solar wind are closely related with the depression of GCR counts. The mechanism of the GCR variation was investigated through the empirical diffusion coefficients. The so-called “snow-plough” effect of GCR variation prior to the SI crossing appears during the first period, then the GCR counts decrease after the crossing, which corresponds to the sudden drop of diffusion coefficient at the SI. However, this effect is not observed for the second period, the decrease of GCR counts may be caused by the enhancement of the diffusion coefficient after the SI crossing. Moreover, Heliospheric Current Sheet (HCS) correlates with GCR counts well, the GCRs drift along the current sheet, and then accumulate to a pileup structure. The interplay between drift and diffusion determines the GCR distribution and variation at a heliocentric distance of 1 AU.     

筋-土界面循环剪切刚度和阻尼比的试验研究

为了研究筋-土界面在遭受动力作用时的表现,利用大型直剪仪对土工格栅、土工编织布、土工无纺布和砂土界面进行了一系列循环剪切试验,得到了不同工况下界面的剪切刚度和阻尼比,并探究了循环次数与剪切刚度和阻尼比之间的规律。研究结果表明,同一循环次数时格栅-土界面的循环剪切刚度最大,土工编织布-土界面的阻尼比最大;剪切位移幅值为3 mm时3种竖向应力下界面都呈现出循环剪切硬化的特征,随着循环次数的增加,各竖向应力下的界面阻尼比有趋于某一值的趋势;砂土密实度越大,同一循环次数对应的剪切刚度越大,阻尼比越小,且随着循环次数的增加3种砂土密实度的界面阻尼比有趋于同一值的趋势;循环剪切位移幅值为5 mm的界面发生循环剪切软化现象,剪切位移幅值越大,界面同一循环次数的阻尼比也越大。     

利用接收函数计算地壳各向异性的可靠性分析及倾斜界面的影响*

使用接收函数研究壳幔速度间断面和速度结构已是常用的技术,但介质各向异性或倾斜的莫霍(Moho)界面,都会造成接收函数波形的复杂性。本文利用远震P波接收函数计算台站下方的地壳各向异性,通过信噪比测试和谐波分析两种方法来验证各向异性结果的可靠性。通过甘肃地震台网的两个台站记录,讨论各向异性和倾斜界面对接收函数的影响,结果显示,台站BYT(白银)下方具有各向异性,而台站WYT(渭源)下方由于可能存在倾斜界面,得到的各向异性结果则有待进一步分析。为了更好地认识倾斜界面对各向异性计算结果的影响,采用合成理论地震图,计算接收函数,然后利用合成接收函数进行各向异性分析。结果表明,计算得到的快波方向不会受到倾斜界面的影响,但是时间延迟会受到影响。     

青藏冻结粉土与玻璃钢接触面本构模型研究

冻土与构筑物基础接触面的本构模型是分析冻土区构筑物与冻土相互作用、评价工程安全稳定性的基础和关键.为了降低切向冻胀力对基础的上拔作用,防止发生冻拔失稳破坏,青海-西藏±400 kV直流联网工程基础广泛采用玻璃钢覆盖基础表面,以消减冻胀力.为了合理描述玻璃钢与冻土接触面力学特性,采用应变直剪仪开展了青藏冻结粉土与玻璃钢基础接触面直剪试验,获取了不同冻结温度条件下接触面剪应力-位移曲线,分析总结了接触面的强度变化规律和受力变形特性,基于试验得到的接触面本构规律建立了耦合温度效应的冻结粉土与玻璃钢基础接触面剪切应力-位移关系.模型预测结果与试验结果的比较表明,预测结果与试验结果吻合良好,该模型能够较好的描述接触面的力学特性.     

research of source parameters and stress state in shandong segment of tanlu fault zone

In recent years, there have been few researches and analysis published on the seismic activity and stress state in Shandong segment of Tanlu fault zone using digital seismological methods such as seismic apparent stress, focal mechanism solution and so on. In this paper, source parameters such as focal mechanism solutions and apparent stress are calculated using the waveform data of M_L≥1 moderate-small earthquakes in Shandong segment of Tanlu fault zone recorded by Shandong digital seismic network since 2007. According to focal mechanism solutions, a statistical analysis is done on the focal dislocation types in the study area using triangle graphical method, and the results show that the faulting in this area is mainly of strike-slip mechanism, and there are less thrust and normal mechanism. Calculation with the mean stress tensor method illustrates that the direction of mean principle stress of Shandong segment of Tanlu fault zone is NEE-SWW, which is the result of the combined effect of the subduction of West Pacific plate and the extrusion of Indian plate to Eurasian plate; the small dip angle indicates that the mode of action of stress is nearly horizontal, and the direction of principal stress axis is nearly perpendicular to the Tanlu fault zone. Under the action of such compressive stress field, dislocation is not likely to occur and the stress accumulation is enhanced on both sides of the fault. The apparent stress is calculated using the source spectral parameters method. Apparent stress has positive correlation with the magnitude and increases with the increased magnitude. So we get apparent stress difference by subtracting the empirical fitting value from the apparent stress. By removing the impact of magnitude, and according to the temporal-spatial evolution image of apparent stress difference, we found that the apparent stress in Shandong segment of Tanlu fault zone generally has a trend of decrease starting from the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, and the spatial distribution of apparent stress in the region is very uneven. Combined with the spatial distribution of b values, the result shows that high stress is mainly located in Anqiu segment and Tancheng-Juxian segment, especially in Anqiu segment where small magnitude earthquakes appeared accompanying with the high stress. Low b-value means high stress and low frequency means low stress release, which indicates that Anqiu segment might accumulate higher stress and is at the fault locking stage. The research will provide new data for better understanding the present active feature and stress state of the Shandong segment of the Tanlu fault zone.     

地震动输入界面处剪切波速对加速度峰值的影响

利用目前工程上广泛应用的一维土层地震反应计算程序对成都平原某典型卵石场地剖面进行了计算,得到了不同输入地震强度下的加速度峰值随输入界面处剪切波速增大的变化规律。结果表明,无论是地表加速度峰值,还是地下5m处的加速度峰值,在相同的地震动输入强度下,均随着输入界面处剪切波速值的增大呈对数形式增大。且在小震输入下的增加速率最快,中震输入下的增加速率次之,大震输入下增加的速率最慢。当地震动输入界面处剪切波速值从500m/s增加至800m/s时,加速度峰值均增大20%以上,最大达到32%。统计得到的二者间的经验关系式,可作为本地区具有相似场地条件工程换算加速度峰值的经验公式,为工程抗震设计人员提供参考。     

深冻结井筒温度场成孔弱界面分析

两个孔形成的冻结壁强度弱面通常位于两冻结孔界面上, 但对于深冻结井筒成孔孔位, 冻结壁薄弱界面选择具有一定的复杂性. 针对深冻结井筒温度场成孔弱界面, 应用数值模拟软件ANSYS分析了世界第一深冻结井筒在三个水平位置上冻结孔实际孔位下温度场弱界面参数. 结果表明: 冻结壁弱界面确定不仅要考虑成孔最大孔间距, 同时也要评定成孔孔距到设计圈径上的投影长度、相邻孔的分布特征及成孔内偏值. 首次指出成孔孔距到设计圈径上的投影长度为冻结壁弱界面评定条件之一, 具有重要意义.