网络地图服务自适应层次研究

针对当前网络地图服务现状,认为在网络地图服务中引入自适应理论与技术是提升地图服务智能水平与服务质量的一个重要途径.在分析地图可视化领域自适应相关研究基础上,立足于自适应环境和主体多元需求的阶段性改变,梳理与客体相应的自适应因素,提出了网络地图服务自适应层次模型.阐明了该模型中5个自适应层次的关键研究内容及其技术要点,进...     

基于Keithley 2000实现多路地温传感器数据采集

利用VB环境下的串行通信控件,借助于Keithley 2000多路扫描卡,实现Keithley 2000数字多用表与计算机的串行通信及4线电阻测量方式下10路地温传感器数据自动化批量采集,从而解决自动站铂电阻温度传感器室内校准中依靠自动站采集器存在通道误差、校准精度不高的问题。业务应用表明:使用该系统校准地温传感器,具有检定结果精度高、数据刷新快捷等优点,提高了工作效率。     

基于用户偏好的多维地理信息服务质量评价模型

为了解决目前地理信息服务质量量化评价的问题,构建了一种基于用户偏好的多维地理信息服务质量评价模型。扩展通用服务质量属性,构建了多维地理信息服务质量模型;在多维地理信息服务质量模型的基础上加入用户偏好,构建了基于用户偏好的多维地理信息服务质量评价模型;实现了基于用户偏好的QoS权重计算,并给出了服务QoS综合值的计算方法。最后给出了基于用户偏好的多维地理信息服务质量评价实例。     

全球定位系统的新进展(讲座) 第1讲 导航电文结构的变化和参数的精化——从导航电文的变化看GPS的进展

介绍了GPS现代化实施后调制在L2C码和L5码上的导航电文CNAV总体结构的变化情况,并对CNAV中部分参数的精化和扩充以及卫星历书的细化部分进行了详细阐述和分析。     

北斗RDSS用户机测试系统指标监测校准方案设计

北斗卫星无线电测定业务(RDSS)用户机是我国北斗卫星导航试验系统的应用终端,测试系统可为用户机研制和使用提供可靠保障。鉴于RDSS体制的特殊性,测试系统的重要性能指标包括:用户机入站信号测量指标、用户机时延测量指标、以及用户机测试系统出站信号。为确保测试系统测试标准的统一,需要对测试系统的这些指标进行监测和校准。通过对普通用户机提出技术改进设计,为测试系统校准提供可行性方案,实现测试系统指标向标准测试仪器的溯源。     

GrADS绘图汉字显示的技术研究与实现

气象常用绘图软件GrADS中不能用汉字设置标题和题注,给国内的业务和科研工作带来不便。根据GrADS软件的特点,在其已有功能的基础上,对GrADS软件功能进行扩充,发展了一些关键技术,实现了GrADS汉字显示功能。其中,发展的关键技术包括:自定义汉字库创建、汉字库索引创建、中英文混合显示、快速查找自定义汉字库、解码自定义汉字库和汉字绘制。实现的汉字显示技术具有使用方便、速度快、可移植、可中英文混合显示等特点。     

Flexible management of fishing rights and a sustainable fisheries industry in Europe

Although overexploitation of commercial fish stocks in European waters has been in the public debate now for more than 20 years, the European Union has so far failed to implement sustainable fisheries management. Millions in subsidies paid to the fishing industry have led to significant excess capacity in the fishing fleet. Various feeble attempts to stop overexploitation of marine resources have failed. The cause is that fishing policy is highly dominated by short-term socioeconomic interests. There is an urgent need for a new fisheries management system in Europe that supports reductions in the fishing fleet, increases responsibility among fishers and guarantees long-term conservation of natural marine resources.Transferable rights to fish have proved a reliable and effective means of creating incentives to conserve marine resources. By strengthening individual fishing rights under flexible quota management systems, the EU Member States could, within the Common Fisheries Policy, make a significant contribution to conserving fish stocks, to reducing excess capacity and to raising the profitability of the fisheries industry. A closer look at existing reservations against a flexible management system shows most of the objections to be overstated or capable of resolution.     

基于桩土界面摩擦特性和桩周土体应力状态的基桩极限侧阻力分析

结合基桩承载过程中的桩周土体应力状态分析和桩土界面摩擦特性分析,推导出基于土体应力状态的沿桩土界面的土体抗剪强度计算模型和基于界面摩擦特性的界面抗剪强度计算模型。通过对比土体抗剪强度和界面抗剪强度,推导出受该两种强度耦合作用影响的极限侧阻力计算模型,并用上海某工程算例验证该模型的合理性和可行性,同时利用该模型分析不同类型的土的极限侧阻力随埋深的分布规律。结果显示：因内摩擦角和侧压力系数之间的不同关系,极限侧阻力随埋深表现出不同的分布特点,在特定关系下,存在一个临界深度,超过该深度极限侧阻力维持在一个稳定值甚至不断减小直至为零。     

Drying increases organic colloidal mobilization in the karst vadose zone: Evidence from a 15-year cave-monitoring study

Understanding the hydrological processes of colloids within the karst vadose zone is vital to the security of karst groundwater and providing appropriate paleohydrological explanations of colloid-facilitated metals in speleothem. This study addresses the mobilization mechanisms driving colloidal organic matter (COM) transport in the karst vadose zone using a 15-year long monthly monitoring dataset from a cave drip point (HS4) in Heshang Cave, Qingjiang Valley, China. Variations in COM concentrations were reported as the fluorescence difference values of raw and filtered (<0.22 μm) samples at an excitation wavelength of 320 nm and emission wavelength of ~400 nm. A fluorescence humification index (HIX) lower than 0.8 and an autochthonous index (BIX) higher than 1.2 indicated that the origin of COM was mainly from the karst vadose zone, rather than the soil zone. The COM concentration varied from 0.001 to 0.038 Raman Unit (RU), with evident seasonal fluctuations. Rising limbs for COM values occurred prior to rising limbs within a dripwater hydrograph; moreover, the COM peak values corresponding to the beginning of the increasing hydrograph generally suggested that the mobilization of COM reflected the movement of the air–water interface (AWI) in the karst vadose zone rather than rainfall intensity or flow velocity. COM peak values were positively correlated with the antecedent drying duration and negatively correlated with HIX values. These phenomena may be explained by the increased amount of organic matter that was aggregated and absorbed on the surface of carbonate in the karst vadose zone during a longer drying duration. Moreover, the longer drying duration was also beneficial to autochthonous biological activity, which subsequently decreased the HIX value of the organic matter in the karst vadose zone. The movement of AWI and the drying duration are both controlled by the outside weather conditions. This study is therefore conducive to evaluating the security of karst groundwater in response to climate change, and challenges prevailing paleoclimate interpretations of colloid-facilitated metal abundance timeseries reported from speleothems.