大别山北部条带状片麻岩及其伴生的斜长角闪岩的裂谷成因:岩石地球化学论据

岩石地球化学特征表明:大别山北部条带状片麻岩及其伴生的斜长角闪岩的原岩分别是碱性的I型花岗岩类和碱性的玄武岩,属于一套双峰式火山岩。Hf Rb/10 Ta×10和Hf Rb/10 Ta×30判别图解指示条带状片麻岩原岩属于板内花岗岩;斜长角闪岩的87Sr/86Sr=0.722345,143Nd/144Nd=0.511919,εNd(0)=-14.0,fSm/Nd=-0.15和εNd(800Ma)=-11.0,具有大陆玄武岩特征;同时,206Pb/204Pb=18.10,207Pb/204Pb=15.41和208Pb/204Pb=38.16,也接近于陆壳成分而且更接近下地壳成分,它的原岩有可能来源于古老的陆壳,推测其原岩形成时,其所在地区已经发育了比较成熟的大陆地壳。因此,它们应形成于新元古代(大约700Ma～800Ma左右)由扬子大陆发生裂解而形成的裂谷环境中。     

SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Age of the Inishi Migmatite around the Kamioka Mining Area, Hida Metamorphic Complex, Central Japan

Abstract. SHRIMP U-Pb ages were determined on single zircons separated from the Inishi migmatite in the Kamioka mining area, Hida metamorphic complex, central Japan. Twenty one determinations were distributed within the age of 234.2±1.8 Ma, excluding one inner core of a grain. As the analyzed crystals were mostly euhedral igneous zircons, the age indicates the crystallization of zircons from granitic melt during the formation of Inishi migmatite. The age of ca. 234 Ma corresponded to the later stage of the major regional metamorphic event in the Hida complex, while the age of ca. 265 Ma determined in a grain suggested the inherited age of the earlier phase of the metamorphism.     

大兴安岭潮满林场地区新元古代花岗质片麻岩——锆石U-Pb测年、地球化学特征及构造环境探讨

对大兴安岭潮满林场地区新元古代花岗质片麻岩进行岩石学、地球化学、成因及构造环境研究结果显示,花岗质片麻岩年龄为795.2±4.3 Ma,形成时代为新元古代. 花岗质片麻岩表现为高硅、高碱、富钙、富钠、富钾、轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损,Eu为负异常弱亏损. 岩浆源区主要为壳源岩浆,部分幔源岩浆底侵使中下地壳岩石发生部分熔融,且受到幔源组分混染形成混合岩浆. 结合区域资料,研究区新元古代花岗片麻岩形成于与俯冲有关的岩浆弧环境.     

Thrust tectonics in crystalline domains: The origin of a gneiss dome

Structural geological field work, microscopic and magnetic fabric studies have been applied in order to assess the structural origin of a gneiss dome, based on a regional example from the Neoproterozoic Pan-African Belt of NE Africa, the Wadi Hafafit Culmination (WHC). The culmination is dominated by a number of major shear zones, which form both the boundaries between the gneissic core and surrounding low grade successions as well as those of minor structural units within the gneisses. These shear zones form a linked fault system, which, based on shear criteria, fault-bend fold and overall geometric interrelationships, can be classified as an antiformal stack. The relative age sequence of the shear zones/thrusts with the highest thrust oldest and the lowermost youngest points to a forward-propagating thrust system. This, together with the shear criteria, exclude an origin of the WHC as a metamorphic core complex, where the highest shear zone should be youngest. The geometry of the WHC antiformal stack is documented by maps and sections as well as section balancing and restoration. Microscopic work showed brittle deformation in feldspar and dynamic recrystallization in quartz ribbons. The asymmetry of the fabric confirmed the macroscopically determined shear sense. However, there is one example of an earlier, perhaps extensional shear movement. Mylonitic foliation and transport-parallel lineation have also been determined by magnetic fabric studies. The observations suggest that thrusts may cut across both previously folded crystalline rocks as well as homogeneous granitoid plutonic bodies. According to the regional tectonic picture the large-scale structure of the gneiss dome originated after a phase of (late-orogenic) extensional collapse. It is speculated that during late-orogenic cooling the upper part of the lithosphere was sufficiently strong to allow brittle thrusting whilst the lithosphere as a whole was still weak enough to allow large-scale compressional deformation, perhaps in a transitional stage from lateorogenic to intra-cratonic deformation.     

胶南岚山头地区A型花岗质片麻岩的地球化学特征与原岩成因

胶南岚山头地区花岗质片麻岩的化学成分表现为SiO2含量普遍高,为68.4%~78.26%,Al2O3含量为11.34%~15.84%,而TiO2、Fe2O3、FeO、MnO和MgO的含量明显偏低,其中Fe2O3为0.69%~2.12%,FeO为0.18%~1.56%,MgO为0.05%~1.53%;岩石明显富含Na2O、K2O强烈贫CaO,其中Na2O K2O的含量为8.32%~10.33%,K2O的含量为3.87%~5.24%,CaO的含量为0.19%~1.27%。稀土元素配分模式显示轻稀土明显富集、重稀土相对平坦,具较强的轻、重稀土元素分馏和强烈-中等的负Eu异常。具强烈富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Ba、Th)的特点,高场强元素Ti、Nb和Ta显示明显负异常,且所有样品均具明显负P异常。花岗片麻岩的原岩为A型花岗岩,指示其形成于拉张作用下的陆缘火山弧构造环境,原岩可能为新元古代下地壳富钾的变质玄武岩部分熔融而成,形成压力为0.8~1.0GPa,部分熔融程度小于10%。胶南A型花岗质片麻岩的原岩形成于新元古代,与扬子板块北缘新元古代陆缘火山活动有关,可能是Rodinia超大陆裂解事件在苏鲁地区的强烈反响。     

大别山麻粒岩和TTG片麻岩的Sr,Nd,Pb同位素地球化学

北大别4个麻粒岩和4个TTG片麻岩样品的Sr,Nd同位素分析结果表明，样品普遍具有较高的锶同位素比值（^87Sr/^86Sr=0.7066-0.7461)，较低的Nd同位素比值（^143Nd/^144Nd=0.5108-0.5124)，表现出明显的壳源特征，结合铅同位素的组成来看，北大别麻粒岩及TTG片麻岩的同位素成分相当于－下地壳。岩石的特源为古老的地壳，大约在2－3Ga之间，少数样品的同位素特征可能暗示源区有年轻地壳物质的加入。     

辽宁树基沟铜锌矿床成矿时代——来自斜长角闪片麻岩锆石U-Pb同位素的制约

树基沟铜锌矿是产于华北地台北缘东段花岗-绿岩带中与火山岩有关的块状硫化物矿床.本次运用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年技术获得赋矿围岩斜长角闪片麻岩原岩结晶年龄为2564±;2 Ma,可近似代表树基沟铜锌矿成矿时代.根据已发表的幔部锆石U-Pb年龄（2517~2529 Ma）,认为树基沟铜锌矿经后期鞍山运动发生变质变形活化迁移.结合赋矿围岩地球化学特征及演化过程,推测树基沟铜锌矿的成因是板块俯冲引起地幔部分熔融形成富含贱金属岩浆,岩浆向上运移、会聚、喷发、固结成岩,后经海水淋滤成矿元素向渗透性差的部位下渗富集,并沿着深渗透性的断裂构造喷出地表,热流体与海水相互作用成矿,而后经变质变形作用的产物.     

Experimental Study of the Melting Reaction and Genetic Mechanism of Mineral Phase Transformation in Granulite Facies Metamorphism

The high-temperature and high-pressure experiment on natural block rock indicates that dehydration-melting of hydrous biotite (Bi) and partial melting of felsic minerals in garnet-biotite-plagioclase gneiss are mainly controlled by temperature, while mineral phase transformation is not only controlled by temperature-pressure conditions but also genetically associated with hydrous mineral dehydration-melting and partial melting of felsic minerals. According to the characteristics of biotite dehydration-melting and garnet transformation reaction, three stages may be distinguished: (1) when the experimental temperature is 700℃, biotite transforms to ilmenite (Ilm) + magnetite (Mt) + H2O and garnet to magnetite (Mt); (2) when the temperature is 730-760℃, biotite is dehydrated and melted and transformed into K2O-rich melt + Ilm + Mt, and garnet, into hypersthene (Hy) + cordierite (Crd); (3) when the temperature is up to or higher than 790℃, biotite is dehydrated and melted and transformed into melt + Hy +     

Ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism in the Achankovil Zone: Implications for the correlation of crustal blocks in southern India

The Achankovil Zone of southern India, a NW–SE trending lineament of 8–10 km in width and > 100 km length, is a kinematically debated crustal feature, considered to mark the boundary between the Madurai Granulite Block in the north and the Trivandrum Granulite Block in the south. Both these crustal blocks show evidence for ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism during the Pan-African orogeny, although the exhumation styles are markedly different. The Achankovil Zone is characterized by discontinuous strands of cordierite-bearing gneiss with an assemblage of cordierite + garnet + quartz + plagioclase + spinel + ilmenite + magnetite ± orthopyroxene ± biotite ± K-feldspar ± sillimanite. The lithology preserves several peak and post-peak metamorphic assemblages including: (1) orthopyroxene + garnet, (2) perthite and/or anti-perthite, (3) cordierite ± orthopyroxene corona around garnet, and (4) cordierite + quartz symplectite after garnet. We estimate the peak metamorphic conditions of these rocks using orthopyroxene-bearing geothermobarometers and feldspar solvus which yield 8.5–9.5 kbar and 940–1040 °C, the highest P–T conditions so far recorded from the Achankovil Zone. The retrograde conditions were obtained from cordierite-bearing geothermobarometers at 3.5–4.5 kbar and 720 ± 60 °C. From orthopyroxene chemistry, we record a multistage exhumation history for these rocks, which is closely comparable with those reported in recent studies from the Madurai Granulite Block, but different from those documented from the Trivandrum Granulite Block. An evaluation of the petrologic and geochronologic data, together with the nature of exhumation paths leads us to propose that the Achankovil Zone is probably the southern flank of the Madurai Granulite Block, and not a unit of the Trivandrum Granulite Block as presently believed. Post-tectonic alkali granites that form an array of “suturing plutons” along the margin of the Madurai Granulite Block and within the Achankovil Zone, but are absent in the Trivandrum Granulite Block, suggest that the boundary between the Madurai Granulite Block and the Trivandrum Granulite Block might lie along the Tenmalai shear zone at the southern extremity of the Achankovil Zone.     

柴北缘乌兰县二郎洞达肯大坂岩群中混合岩化黑云斜长片麻岩锆石SHRIMP测年及其意义

柴北缘乌兰县二郎洞地区的达肯大坂岩群主要由黑云斜长片麻岩、混合岩、黑云母石英片岩、斜长角闪岩和大理岩、花岗片麻岩等共同组成。本文首次对两件混合岩化黑云斜长片麻岩样品中的锆石进行了内部结构分析和SHRIMP测年, 黑云斜长片麻岩中的锆石大多具有核-边结构, 核部和边部分别表现为典型的岩浆和变质成因锆石特征。一件样品中锆石核部²⁰⁶ Pb/²³⁸ U加权平均年龄为503.8±5.1 Ma, 边部²⁰⁶ Pb/²³⁸ U加权平均年龄为449±9.9 Ma; 另一件样品核部²⁰⁶ Pb/²³⁸ U加权平均年龄为493.6±4.5 Ma。这些结果表明, 乌兰县二郎洞地区达肯大坂岩群中的混合岩化黑云斜长片麻岩原岩形成年龄为504~494 Ma, 属于晚寒武世岩浆活动的产物, 变质年龄为449 Ma, 分别与柴北缘岛弧岩浆作用和超高压变质作用的时限相一致。研究表明, 二郎洞地区达肯大坂岩群不仅有新太古代-古元古代基底岩石, 还包含早古生代的岩石组合, 为一套不同性质和不同时代的混杂岩。