福建东山县澳角村澳角群花岗质石榴黑云片麻岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其地质意义

本文对福建东山县澳角村澳角群花岗质石榴黑云片麻岩中17颗锆石进行了SHRIMP U-Pb同位素年龄测定。结果显示锆石Th/U比值变化于0.31~1.01,平均值为0.48,为典型的岩浆锆石;其中16个分析点在谐和图上分布较为集中,206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为(152.8±1.6)Ma(n=17,MSWD=1.12);结合锆石自形、发育岩浆环带等特点,该年龄被解释为澳角群亲营山组花岗质石榴黑云片麻岩的形成年龄。其所指示的地质意义:(1)福建东山县澳角村澳角群亲营山组花岗质石榴黑云片麻岩形成于晚侏罗纪,而非前泥盆纪;(2)福建东山县澳角村澳角群亲营山组应解体为表壳岩与变质侵入体。     

西伯利亚克拉通东南缘1.84 Ga构造热事件——俄罗斯斯塔诺夫南带南缘混合岩化黑云斜长片麻岩锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素记录

对俄罗斯远东腾达(Tydna)斯塔诺夫南带南缘混合岩化黑云斜长片麻岩中锆石进行了U-Pb年龄测定和Hf同位素测试,获得其锆石核部年龄主要为≥2.57、~2.39、~2.33和~2.20 Ga,锆石增生边年龄为1.84 Ga,可靠的最年轻碎屑锆石年龄为~2.20 Ga,表明其原岩沉积时代为古元古代,而不是以往认为的太古宙,混合岩化事件年龄为1.84 Ga。锆石核部εHf(t)值为2.7~-16.2,Hf同位素地壳模式年龄为3.7~2.8 Ga;锆石增生边的εHf(t)值为-7.5~-18.6,峰值为-15,Hf同位素地壳模式年龄为3.6~2.9 Ga。锆石的εHf(t)值基本为负值说明这些岩石主要来自于地壳岩石的部分熔融;Hf同位素两阶段模式年龄的峰值在~3.4 Ga,表明它们可能主要来源于阿尔丹地盾下地壳物质的部分熔融。这些年龄资料将为西伯利亚克拉通东南缘地质构造演化提供重要的年代学制约。     

Carboniferous palaeogeography of the Yarrol and New England Orogens,eastern Australia

During the Carboniferous Period the Yarrol and New England Orogens comprised an active depositional margin east of cratonised parts of Australia. Patterns of deposition within the orogens were probably controlled by dextral shear systems believed responsible for tectonism and the positions of the various depositional elements (volcanic chain, shelf, slope and basin, pull‐apart troughs and graben), and global changes in sea level. These patterns are illustrated by a series of non‐palin‐spastic palaeogeographic reconstructions.

In the Early Carboniferous, similar patterns of deposition existed within the western volcanic chain, marine shelf, and eastern slope and basin provinces of both orogens. Sediments were deposited in two cycles. They range from volcanic fluvial and marine sandstone to siltstone, mudstone and turbidites. Complex depositional patterns within shelfal regions are shown in detailed palaeogeographic reconstructions.

This uniform pattern changed during the latest Visean and Namurian, with the uplift of the New England Arch, subsidence of a non‐marine graben (Werrie Trough) to the west, and development of a new shelf in the east. The Werrie Trough received volcanics as well as fluvial and glacigene sediments, and the shelf marine sandstone and siltstone. The Yarrol Orogen was unaffected by tectonism but there was a change in provenance.

Late in the Carboniferous the Yarrol Orogen was restructured by the intrusion of granitoids into the former volcanic chain, and development of the Yarrol and North D'Aguilar Troughs as probable pull‐apart basins. In the New England Arch, deformation and metamorphism were followed by intrusion of S‐type granitoids. A comparable episode of deformation and metamorphism affected the southeastern part of the Yarrol Orogen at the end of the Carboniferous Period. This partial cratonisation of the mobile zone was a prelude to widespread basin formation during the Permian Period.     

二道岔金矿332隐伏金矿床地质特征

二道岔金矿332隐伏金矿赋存于太古宙夹皮沟岩群三道沟岩组和腰抢子片麻岩中,属于石英脉型金矿床,矿石易选,易加工,开发经济效益好。因此,总结该矿床地质特征,对该区普查找矿具有指导意义。     

Zircon Dating and Geological Implications of Granitic Gneiss in the Metamorphic Zone of Gaoligong Mountains in Western Yunnan, China

The general classification of intermediate-acid intrusive rocks in the metamorphic zone of Gaoligong Mountains as one of the metamorphic terranes of Proterozoic Gaoligong Mountains is problematic regarding the intrusion stage and age, as well as the subsequent metamorphism and deformation. In this study, we investigated granitic gneiss in the metamorphic zone of Gaoligong Mountains based on the 1:50,000 regional geological survey of Qushi Street (2011-2013) and SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology. Results showed that the SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating of granitic gneiss ranged from 163.5±5.7 Ma to 74.0±2.0 Ma. Thus, the granitic gneiss was grouped into orthometamorphic rocks (metamorphic intrusions). The dating data of granite rocks associated with intense metamorphism and deformation were divided into three groups, 163.5±5.7 to 162.3±3.1 Ma, 132.2-101.0 Ma and 99.4±3.5-74.0±2.0 Ma, which respectively represented three independent geologic events including an important magma intrusion with superimposed metamorphic effects in the late Middle Jurassic, regional dynamic metamorphism and superimposed reformation of fluid action in the early Cretaceous, and dynamic metamorphism dominated by ductile shear and metamorphism starting from the late Cretaceous.     

内蒙古大青山地区石榴花岗岩的地质特征和岩相学特征

内蒙古大青山地区石榴花岗岩出露于哈德门沟-平方沟-虎本汉沟一带,沿麻粒岩系与孔兹岩系之间的构造不整合面呈不规则带状分布,从其野外地质特征和岩相学特征可确定石榴花岗岩与围岩为渐变过渡关系.石榴花岗岩中的变质表壳岩以及部分包体不仅在岩性上可与外围的同类岩石对比,而且也显示了明显的深熔作用改造的痕迹.现有证据表明石榴花岗岩总体上是由孔兹岩系的石榴黑云片麻岩原地熔融形成的,为深熔作用的产物.石榴花岗岩的研究为本区的深熔作用演化提供了依据.     

A CLIMATE DEPARTURE INDEX FOR THE STUDY OF CLIMATIC VARIABILITY

Three versions of a Climate Departure Index (CDI) are presented for studying how “normal” or “unusual” a particular year or event is compared to the long-term average for the region under consideration. Comparisons of a Simple CDI, Absolute Value CDI and Least-Squares CDI are made through the use of hypothetical examples and two case studies involving seasonal snowfall variations in northern New England and last spring-freeze date variations in the southeastern United States. Results clearly show that the Simple CDI is the inferior formulation owing to a compensation problem whereby above and below average sites within a region for a particular year cancel each other when computing the index value. Little difference in identifying extreme years was found between use of the Absolute Value CDI and Least-Squares CDI in the case studies examined. Nevertheless, a hypothetical example suggests that the least-squares approach for closeness of fit is the more appropriate method, thus making the Least-Squares CDI the preferred version.     

构造片麻岩含义及其成因机制

构造片麻岩是地壳深部构造层次上韧性变形带主要的构造岩类型之一,其内保留了大量岩石流变特征的重要信息,在前寒武纪高级变质岩区广泛发育。构造片麻岩是由强烈塑性变形作用、变质作用和部分熔融作用共同作用形成的动力变质构造岩,是一种宏观上具有明显的强塑性流变特征而没有明显粒径减小的构造岩;在露头和手标本上以密集条带状构造和片麻状构造为特征,在微观上为典型三边平衡结构和复晶石英条带构造。熔体存在是控制影响构造片麻岩形成的主要因素之一,主要变形机制为扩散蠕变和颗粒流动,使岩石整体产生巨大应变,而单个矿物晶体不产生变形。构造片麻岩带可以分为3种不同类型：同变质期的层状构造片麻岩带、退变质期的线性构造片麻岩带和网状构造片麻岩带。     

北祁连山西段吊大坂花岗片麻岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义

对北祁连山西段北大河岩群中发现的吊大坂花岗片麻岩进行了颗粒级锆石U-Pb同位素年龄的测定,获得岩体的形成年龄为(751±14)Ma,结合区域地质背景分析,认为该年龄反映了晋宁期北祁连山地区的第一次造山事件.岩石化学和地球化学特征表明花岗片麻岩是古老地壳物质重熔形成的钙碱性石英闪长岩,该年龄的确定为北祁连山早期地壳演化史分析提供了直接的重要的地质信息.     

藏南拿日雍措片麻岩穹窿淡色花岗岩稀有金属的富集

拿日雍措穹窿(错那洞穹窿)位于北喜马拉雅穹窿的东部,穹隆内花岗岩种类较多,有淡色花岗岩、含石榴子石淡色花岗岩、片理化淡色花岗岩、含石榴子石和含绿柱石伟晶岩.这些花岗岩为经历了斜长石、锆石、独居石、磷灰石、富Ti矿物等分离结晶作用而形成的高度演化花岗岩,相对于维氏世界花岗岩平均值,富集Bi、Cs、Li、Sn、Be、Pb、B、W、Ta等稀有金属成矿元素,略贫Nb元素.同时,围岩也相对富集稀有金属元素.全岩地球化学分析表明,引起拿日雍措穹隆淡色花岗岩富集稀有金属成矿元素的因素是分离结晶作用和热液交代作用.高度演化淡色花岗岩在喜马拉雅造山带广泛分布,铌铁矿、钽铁矿、锡石和绿柱石等稀有金属矿物已在多处露头被识别,暗示了喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩是未来稀有金属矿产勘探的重要靶区.