长江中下游中生代花岗岩类源区的壳—壳混源性质

长江中下游地区中生代花岗岩类形成于大别造山带碰撞后岩石圈物质的调整演化过程。Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｐｂ同位素组成数据表明，早、晚阶段花岗岩类具有相似的壳－壳混合源区性质，其主要源岩端员可能分别相当于以大别杂岩为代表的深变质岩系和中、新元古界底侵（ｕｎｄｅｒｐｌａｔｉｎｇ）基性物质与部分古元古界沉积－火山－侵入岩系组成的扬子陆块下地壳岩石。这两种成分不同的下地壳物质在这里呈指状穿插体结构。长江中下游地区下地壳在碰撞造山过程中曾是大别地块与扬子地块之间的深部构造混杂带。本文主要根据各类已有的Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｐｂ同位素组成资料讨论花岗岩类的源区性质问题     

Zircon U–Pb,Molybdenite Re–Os and K‐feldspar 40Ar/39Ar Dating of the Bolong Porphyry Cu–Au Deposit,Tibet, China

The Bolong porphyry Cu–Au deposit is a newly discovered deposit in the central Tibetan Plateau, and is ranked as the second largest copper deposit discovered to date in the Bangong‐Nujiang metallogenic belt in China. Three granodiorite porphyry phases occur within the Bolong porphyry Cu–Au deposit. Phyllic alteration is widespread on the surface of the deposit, and potassic alteration occurs at depth, associated with granodiorite porphyries. The copper and gold mineralization is clearly related to the potassic and phyllic alteration. Multiple chronometers were applied to constrain the timing of magmatic–hydrothermal activity at the Bolong deposit. Zircon U–Pb geochronology reveals that the granodiorite porphyry phases were emplaced at ca. 120 Ma. Re–Os data of four molybdenite samples from quartz–molybednite veinlets yielded an isochron age of 119.4 ± 1.3 Ma. The plateau age of hydrothermal K‐feldspar from the potassic alteration zone, analyzed by ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating, is 118.3 ± 0.6 Ma, with a similar reverse isochron age of 118.5 ± 0.7 Ma. Therefore, the magmatic–hydrothermal activity occurred at ca. 120–118 Ma, which is similar in age to the neighboring Duobuza porphyry copper deposit. The period of 120–118 Ma is therefore important for the development of porphyry Cu–Au mineralization in the central Tibetan Plateau, and these porphyry deposits were formed during the final stages of the northward subduction of the Neo‐Tethys Ocean.     

Zinccopperite-A New Variety of Zinc-CopperIntermetallic Compounds Discovered in aPorphyry-Copper Deposit

Zinccopperite (tentatively named) is a rare native alloy mineral discovered in quartz monzonite-porphyry in the Xifanping area, Yanyuan County, Sichuan Province. It is a new variety of zinc-copper alloy mineral found for the first time in the porphyry-copper deposit in China. Its intergrown minerals are K-feldspar (mainly perthite), albite-oligoclase, quartz and biotite; and the associated minerals include pyrite and chalcopyrite. It is characterized by a golden reflection colour, being isotropic (isometric), with the grain size ranging from 10 to 50 μm, microhardness VHN10= 190 kg/mm2, and reflectance RVis= 67.97%. Electron microprobe (Model JXA-733) analysis shows Cu = 59.15%-62.55% and Zn= 36.32%-39.85%. The crystallochemical formula is Cu6.27-7.0Zn4.0, simplified as Cu7Zn4.     

内蒙古乌努格吐山大型铜钼矿床元素迁移及成矿过程探讨

乌努格吐山斑岩型铜钼矿是德尔布干成矿带中的典型矿床之一。该文在分析岩石地球化学特征的基础上,采用等浓度线法和坪台法对成矿元素的迁移特征进行定量计算和分析,借此探讨了成矿过程。结果显示:由于温度不断降低,SiO_2、Al_2O_3、MgO、Fe_2O_3发生迁移并形成了不同的矿物,质量迁移比例由内向外逐渐增大,并且形成的矿物与乌努格吐山蚀变分带特征矿物石英、钾长石、绢云母、水白云母的出现相一致,主量元素的迁移导致乌努格吐山形成明显的蚀变分带。成矿元素Cu、Mo在各蚀变分带中均显示极度带入的特征,矿化强则带出比率高。在斜长石的蚀变过程中,由于CO_3~(2-)的络合作用Mo被析出转移到热液流体中去,然后发生迁移。Zn、Pb等则从内带向外带由带出变成带入,最终在最外带中富集。     

相山铀矿田邹家山矿床英安斑岩脉锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义

对首次在相山铀矿田邹家山矿床发现的英安斑岩脉开展了岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素地球化学研究.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄测试结果表明:两个英安斑岩脉样品年龄加权平均值分别为122.4±0.5 Ma和126.5±1.4 Ma,晚于相山大规模火山侵入活动时间(132～137 Ma).该岩脉具有明显的轻...     

确定大江大河防洪堤高度应考虑地面沉降因素——对1998中国大洪水的反思

世界上抽汲地下水或石油引起地面沉降正越来越普遍。大江大河防洪能力降低是地面沉降灾害现象之一。上海因地面沉降产生严重的洪涝灾害,上海外滩防汛墙高度的主要决定因素是地面沉降。沙市、武汉、哈尔滨和大庆等城市和地区是我国1998年夏特大洪水的重灾地区,这些城市和地区实际上已存在地面沉降问题。几十年来产生的地面沉降很可能已降低了这些地区江河大堤的防洪能力,从而加重了这次洪涝灾害。建议在确定大江大河防洪堤高度应考虑地面沉降因素,并尽快对重点城市和地区进行地面沉降调查与预测研究。     

云南省大理—弥渡笔架山金矿矿化特征

矿区大地构造位于扬子准地台与三江褶皱带的过渡部位,属丽江台缘褶皱带的南部.处于程海深大断与裂金沙江—哀牢山两条深大断裂夹持的倒三角地带,区内出露地层主要有泥盆系下统青山组灰岩、康廊组白云质灰岩及奥陶系下统石英砂岩;岩浆岩有花岗斑岩、二长斑岩、煌斑岩及辉绿岩.有红色粘土型、残坡积型、构造破碎带蚀变岩型及斑岩型四种矿化类型.     

Geochemical behavior and speciation modeling of rare earth elements in acid drainages at Sarcheshmeh porphyry copper deposit,Kerman Province,Iran

Acid mine drainage is a major source of water pollution in the Sarcheshmeh porphyry copper mine area. The concentrations of heavy metals and rare earth elements (REEs) in the host rocks, natural waters and acid mine drainage (AMD) associated with mining and tailing impoundments are determined. Contrary to the solid samples, AMDs and impacted stream waters are enriched in middle rare earth elements (MREEs) and heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) relative to light rare earth elements (LREEs). This behavior suggests that REE probably fractionate during sulfide oxidation and acid generation and subsequent transport, so that MREE and HREE are preferentially enriched. Speciation modeling predict that the dominant dissolved REE inorganic species are Ln³⁺, Ln(SO₄)₂⁻, LnSO₄⁺, LnHCO₃²⁺, Ln(CO₃)₂⁻ and LnCO₃⁺. Compared to natural waters, Sarcheshmeh AMD is enriched in REEs and SO₄²⁻. High concentrations of SO₄²⁻ lead to the formation of stable LnSO₄⁺, thereby resulting in higher concentrations of REEs in AMD samples. The model indicates that LnSO₄⁺ is the dissolved form of REE in acid waters, while carbonate and dicarbonate complexes are the most abundant dissolved REE species in alkaline waters. The speciation calculations indicate that other factors besides complexation of the REE's, such as release of MREE from dissolution and/or desorption processes in soluble salts and poorly crystalline iron oxyhydroxy sulfates as well as dissolution of host rock MREE-bearing minerals control the dissolved REE concentrations and, hence, the MREE-enriched patterns of acid mine waters.     

钦杭结合带成矿地质背景及成矿规律

钦杭成矿带是钦州湾-杭州湾成矿带的简称,具有矿床规模大、矿床分布密集、矿床类型齐全、伴生组分多样的显著特点,是中国地质调查局规划的全国重点成矿区带。钦杭成矿带又称为钦杭(构造)结合带,大地构造位置对应于扬子板块和华夏板块的接合带。研究显示,钦杭带是一条古老俯冲带。它在古生代仍存在洋壳,属于洋陆俯冲体系。中生代构造转换是一个重要的地质事件,它使钦杭带由特提斯构造域卷入到西太平洋构造域中,大地构造性质从华夏和扬子板块之间的板块构造机制为主,转为陆内岩石圈拉张伸展构造环境,并产生巨大的地质效应,最突出的是燕山期岩浆的大规模活动以及成矿作用的大爆发。燕山期花岗岩存在确切的幔源端元信息,幔源物质参与了许多矿床的形成,并为最近钨多金属矿床北拓找矿所验证。钦杭结合带是重要的斑岩铜(钼)矿带,斑岩铜(钼)矿在钦杭结合带北、中、南三段均有产出,它们的主成岩成矿年龄是燕山期,但带有古老俯冲带岛弧体系的基因。钦杭带也是一条古海洋喷流热水沉积矿床密集分布带,VMS型铜多金属矿床和SEDEX型铅锌多金属矿床发育。钦杭带是一条古老俯冲带改造成矿带,古老俯冲带经燕山期改造/叠加成矿是钦杭成矿带的重要成矿机制。     

Paleozoic Epithermal Au and Porphyry Cu Deposits in North Xinjiang, China: Epochs, Features, Tectonic Linkage and Exploration Significance

Abstract. Based on field investigation of large number of ore deposits including some latest discoveries and multidiscipline comprehensive research, we demonstrated the general features of metallic deposits and we suggest that Paleozoic archipelago-type collisional orogen at North Xinjiang, northwestern China show intimate similarity with the metallogenesis of Southeast Asia Cenozoic archipelago. We briefly described the characteristics of major porphyry-type, skarn-type Cu deposits and typical high-sulfidation type (HS-type) and low-sulfidation type (LS-type) epithermal Au deposits as well as some latest discoveries. Systematic isotopic age-dating on the Tuwu-Yandong superlarge porphyry Cu deposits revealed that they formed in Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous in an accretionary arc setting. The tectonic settings of epithermal Au deposits and its linkage with porphyry Cu deposits are further discussed. The formation condition for porphyry Cu deposits is more strict than epithermal Au deposits. The distribution width for porphyry Cu deposits in the orogenic belts is more limited than epithermal Au deposits. The discovery and prospecting progress of the Kalatage HS-type Cu-Au deposit were reported. The significance in further exploration was suggested.