小兴安岭西北部霍龙门地区花岗质杂岩锆石U--Pb年龄、岩石地球化学特征及地质意义

小兴安岭西北部的霍龙门地区位于兴蒙造山带东段,该区出露的大面积花岗质杂岩为新开岭—科洛杂岩的重要组成部分。该花岗质杂岩主要由花岗质和花岗闪长质糜棱岩等组成,其中花岗质糜棱岩的SHRIMP锆石U--Pb定年结果为310.7±6.5 Ma,表明其原岩形成于晚石炭世。该杂岩的主量元素总体显示中、高钾钙碱性准铝质--过铝质系列岩石的特点;微量元素表现出Th、Zr、Hf、Nd、Rb、K明显富集,而Ba、Sr、Nb、P、Ti明显亏损;稀土元素具有明显的轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素相对亏损的特征,有较明显的负Eu异常,轻、重稀土元素分馏程度较强。结合区域构造演化特点及花岗质杂岩的形成环境等,综合显示该杂岩的原岩应形成于晚古生代,于三叠纪时期发生明显的变质变形作用。     

Domal structures and high-grade metamorphism in the Higher Himalayan Crystalline, Zanskar Region, north-west Himalaya, India

ABSTRACT In the main Himalayan range in the Ladakh-Zanskar area, domal structures have been observed at structurally deeper levels in the tectonic unit of the Higher Himalayan Crystalline. Their formation occurred during a second, temperature-dominated phase (M₂) of high-grade regional metamorphism, characterized by the semipelitic paragenesis of sillimanite-K-feldspar and incipient anatexis. The doming event reveals a local system of synmetamorphic uplift superimposed on a regional system of northeast-southwest trending compression. In the main Himalayan range the development of the dominant S₂ foliation is related to deformation during the doming phase, which started early in the M₂ event. The deformation propagated continuously north-east and south-west with time. In the north-east, on the northern slopes of the main Himalayan range, this deformation is expressed by extensional shear movements of the upper tectonic levels finally leading to the late- to postmetamorphic normal fault system of the Zanskar shear zone. Towards the south-west, deformation is expressed by compressional movements, e.g. at the Main Central Thrust (MCT) in the Kishtwar window area. The observed compression and extension is inferred to relate to an increased uplift of the domal bulges of the tectonic Kishtwar window and of the whole main Himalayan range.     

高挂山—牛头寨地区小型环形影象构造分析及其找矿意义

高挂山—牛头寨地区,通过大比例尺航片解译,发现6个大小不等的小型环形影象信息。这些环形影象与岩浆活动、已知矿床、矿化点、重砂异常、物化探异常等的分布有着内在的联系。为预测找矿远景区和找隐伏矿床提供了影象依据。     

Petrographic, Chemical and B-Isotopic Insights into the Origin of Tourmaline-Rich Rocks and Boron Recycling in the Martinamor Antiform (Central Iberian Zone, Salamanca, Spain)

Tourmaline in the Martinamor antiform occurs in tourmalinites(rocks with >15–20% tourmaline by volume), clasticmetasedimentary rocks of the Upper Proterozoic Monterrubio formation,quartz veins, pre-Variscan orthogneisses and Variscan graniticrocks. Petrographic observations, back-scattered electron (BSE)images, and microprobe data document a multistaged developmentof tourmaline. Overall, variations in the Mg/(Mg + Fe) ratiosdecrease from tourmalinites (0·36–0·75),through veins (0·38–0·66) to granitic rocks(0·23–0·46), whereas Al increases in thesame order from 5·84–6·65 to 6·22–6·88apfu. The incorporation of Al into tourmaline is consistentwith combinations of ^xAl(NaR)_–1 and AlO(R(OH))_–1exchange vectors, where ^x represents X-site vacancy and R is(Mg + Fe²⁺ + Mn). Variations in ^x/(^x + Na) ratios are similarin all the types of tourmaline occurrences, from 0·10to 0·53, with low Ca-contents (mostly <0·10apfu). Based on field and textural criteria, two groups of tourmaline-richrocks are distinguished: (1) pre-Variscan tourmalinites (probablyCadomian), affected by both deformation and regional metamorphismduring the Variscan orogeny; (2) tourmalinites related to thesynkinematic granitic complex of Martinamor. Textural and geochemicaldata are consistent with a psammopelitic parentage for the protolithof the tourmalinites. Boron isotope analyses of tourmaline havea total range of ¹¹B values from –15·6 to 6·8;the lowest corresponding to granitic tourmalines (–15·6to –11·7) and the highest to veins (1·9to 6·8). Tourmalines from tourmalinites have intermediate¹¹B values of –8·0 to +2·0. The observedvariations in ¹¹B support an important crustal recycling ofboron in the Martinamor area, in which pre-Variscan tourmaliniteswere remobilized by a combination of mechanical and chemicalprocesses during Variscan deformation, metamorphism and anatexis,leading to the formation of multiple tourmaline-bearing veinsand a new stage of boron metasomatism. KEY WORDS: tourmalinites; metamorphic and granitic rocks; mineral chemistry; whole-rock chemistry; boron isotopes     

西秦岭北缘新阳—元龙韧性剪切带中花岗质糜棱岩黑云母40Ar 39Ar年龄及地质意义

西秦岭北缘新阳-元龙大型韧性剪切带是分划西秦岭造山带与祁连造山带的区域主构造边界,通过对其物质组成和构造特征的研究,结合两侧不同(洋-陆)构造环境下各类地质体的研究成果,重点对剪切带内花岗质糜棱岩中黑云母单矿物进行了~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar定年研究.在新阳镇和元龙北剪切带中分别获得(347.95±2.17)Ma (MSWD＝1.89)和(351.70±1.72)Ma (MSWD＝0.80)的坪年龄,分析确定其应为黑云母的冷却年龄,表明变形时代应在早石炭世早期之前;反映了最晚在早石炭世早期,该剪切带已横切秦岭与祁连造山带并发生强烈的右行走滑构造拼贴作用.     

闽西南玮埔岩体和赣南菖蒲混合岩锆石La ICPMS U-Pb年代学

闽西玮埔岩体和赣南菖蒲混合岩位于武夷山构造带南部地区。对NNE向展布的闽西玮埔岩体两个样品进行了锆石LaICPMS U-Pb 测年,获得的年龄为447.1±4.7Ma和440.8±3.4Ma,证明这个岩体不是原来认为的印支期花岗岩,而属于加里东岩体。赣南菖蒲混合岩发育于罗浮岩体的北侧,早期将罗浮岩体归于燕山早期岩体。对混合岩进行的锆石LaICPMS U-Pb 测年,获得的年龄为445.9±3.8Ma,确定这个岩体为加里东期。这些新的高精度年龄学数据为武夷山加里东构造运动时限和性质提供了精确约束。     

黑龙江铁力兴安一带斑岩型钼矿资源潜力预测

黑龙江省铁力市兴安地区发育晚三叠世-早侏罗世的细粒二长花岗斑岩的U-Pb锆石LA-ICPMS年龄为195～201Ma,钼矿(化)体产于斑岩体的顶部或外接触带的中细粒似斑状二长花岗岩中,斑岩体的岩石学、矿化及围岩蚀变、地球化学异常特征,均显示出斑岩型矿床的特征.另外,在花岗质火山-侵入杂岩体中也见钼矿化,其异常模式虽显示出中温火山热液有关的特征,但从区域成矿演化特征来看,可能与晚三叠世-早侏罗世细粒二长花岗斑岩具有统一的构造-岩浆-成矿体系,具"同源不同环境、部位和同位、不同成矿期次"的特征.     

中阿尔金南缘志留纪高压泥质片麻岩的发现及其构造地质意义

在中阿尔金南缘西段尤努斯萨依北部原划长城系巴什库尔干岩群中首次发现一套高压泥质片麻岩。根据岩相学观察和矿物化学成分可识别出其四期矿物共生组合:早期为石榴子石+多硅白云母+单斜辉石(?)+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;第二期为石榴子石+蓝晶石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;第三期为石榴子石+夕线石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;晚期为石榴子石+夕线石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+钛铁矿。依据矿物内部一致性热力学数据,基于THERMOCALC 3. 40程序平台,计算出P-T视剖面图,并结合矿物等值线、矿物对温压计等计算,依次确定四期变质温压条件为15. 8～18. 3kbar/646～729℃、10. 30～12. 30kbar/781～821℃、8. 50～9. 60kbar/812～838℃和4. 65～5. 70kbar/698～725℃。上述四期变质阶段共同构成一个早期降压升温后降压降温的顺时针型演化的P-T轨迹,指示出与陆壳俯冲-折返相关的变质地质事件。利用LA-ICP-MS进行的锆石原位微区U-Pb定年和微量元素分析结果表明,该岩石记录了432. 0±2. 7Ma、401. 4±2. 5Ma和381. 1±2. 4Ma三期变质年龄,可能分别代表了该岩石早期高压、中期高压麻粒岩相-麻粒岩相和后期角闪岩相变质阶段的时代。该高压岩石出露于中阿尔金地块西段南缘长城系巴什库尔干岩群之中,与南侧以断裂带分隔的赋存于阿尔金岩群之中的南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石出露的构造位置明显不同,其峰期变质时代(～432Ma)亦明显不同于南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石的峰期变质时代(～500Ma)。因此,该高压岩石与南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石显然不能构成同一条变质岩带。结合区域地质背景和前人关于柴北缘陆壳属性高压-超高压岩石峰期变质时代(～430Ma)的研究成果综合分析,本文初步认为该高压岩石可能是柴北缘高压-超高压变质岩带的西延或是被中新生代以来阿尔金复杂多期次走滑断裂系迁移而就位于中阿尔金南缘的部分柴北缘高压-超高压变质岩片/岩块。     

片麻岩穹窿与伟晶岩型锂矿的成矿规律探讨

"片麻岩穹窿"是指中下地壳热动力过程产生的与岩浆作用(或混合岩化作用)密切相关的穹状构造,是折返造山的产物.片麻岩穹窿的形成经历了从垂直上升的地壳流导致的岩浆上涌的挤压收缩到岩体侵位的顶部伸展机制的转化过程,这一过程有利于富含锂-铯-钽型(LCT)型伟晶岩的生成和锂族元素的富集.研究表明,位于青藏高原北部的中国松潘-甘孜-甜水海印支造山带是中国大型"伟晶岩型"锂矿资源赋存的基地,松潘-甘孜东南部的超大型甲基卡型伟晶岩型锂矿带,产于具有巴罗式"低/中压-高温"变质组合的三叠纪复理石围岩中,早中生代花岗岩以及衍生的大量含锂稀土矿物的伟晶岩脉侵位有成因关系.研究认为,探究片麻岩穹窿的形成过程和构造成因机制;识别花岗岩-含矿伟晶岩的地球化学属性,揭示花岗岩浆分异作用与含矿伟晶岩相演变的成因联系,以及锂元素迁移、富集熔浆的过程;圈定三叠纪地层中巴罗式变质相带的展布,探明富锂伟晶岩矿带赋存的有利变质相带及形成的P-T条件;揭示"变形-变质-岩浆深熔-成矿"的时空耦合、制约与相互作用,再造造山过程中锂资源富集和保存的规律,以及建立成矿动力学模式;是揭示片麻岩穹窿与伟晶岩型锂矿的成矿规律的重要科学途径.     

江西冷水坑矿床含矿花岗斑岩的Sr-Nd及锆石Hf-O同位素研究

江西冷水坑铅锌矿床是武夷成矿带北段的典型矿床,矿区内含矿花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄为（162.0±2.0）Ma,岩浆分异程度较高,具有高SiO₂（69.46%~75.52%）、高K₂O（K₂O/Na₂O>3.22）、强过铝质（ASI=1.20~1.96）的特征。岩体发育较明显的Eu负异常,富集强不相容元素Rb、Th、U,而亏损高场强元素Ba、Sr、Nb、Ta、P、Ti。全岩同位素测试结果显示,冷水坑含矿花岗斑岩具有极高的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr初始比值（0.74005~0.76518）与低的ε_Nd值（-11.48~-10.78）,锆石Hf-O同位素测定值变化范围较小,¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf介于0.282317~0.282460,具有负的ε_Hf（t）值（-12.39~-7.62）和相对较高的δ¹⁸O值（7.23‰~8.81‰）,指示岩浆主要来自于成熟地壳,可能起源于北武夷地区变质基底,源岩为基底变质岩,这可能与古太平洋板块俯冲形成的挤压背景下的地壳熔融有关。