安徽省阜阳盆地及周边大地热流分布特征

阜阳盆地位于周口坳陷的东部,地热资源丰富,但基础地热地质研究相对较少,尤其对区内大地热流研究尚属空白。为深入研究本区地热资源,为地热资源潜力评价提供数据支持和科学依据,本文基于收集的6口钻孔测温资料、实测的4口稳态测温数据以及61块岩心样品热导率测试数据,计算出了4个大地热流值。研究结果表明：研究区0~2 281 m内现今地温梯度为23.4℃/km~35.5℃/km,平均值为27.9℃/km;热导率介于0.968~4.932 W/（m·K）之间,平均值为1.959 W/（m·K）;对应的大地热流值介于44.7~63.8 mW/m²之间,平均值为53.4 mW/m²,与周口坳陷已发布的各大地热流平均值53.4 mW/m²一致,但却较明显低于中国大陆地区（平均值60.4 mW/m²）、中国东部（平均值61.9 mW/m²）、研究区东部两淮煤田（平均值58.3 mW/m²）以及南部秦岭造山带（平均值61.4 mW/m²）,并发现与四川盆地、柴达木盆地等国内主要的克拉通型盆地较接近,同时远远低于汾渭地堑、渤海湾盆地等新生代构造活跃的裂谷型盆地,反映出区域构造处于稳定状态;同时,区内热流之间有一定的差异,主要是受区域地质构造背景、基底起伏、沉积盖层、断裂活动等影响。

     

共和盆地恰卜恰地热区现今地热特征

恰卜恰地热区位于青海共和盆地的东北部,是我国重要的具有干热岩地热资源勘探开发潜力的地区之一.自2013年起,不同的研究者针对该区开展了大量地球物理探测工作,然而现今地热场的研究相对较少.本文基于4口干热岩钻孔的稳态测温资料和81块岩芯样品的热导率测试数据,计算了研究区4个大地热流值.研究结果表明：研究区基底花岗岩层现今地温梯度为39.0~45.2℃·km^-1,平均值为41.3℃·km^-1,大地热流值介于93.3~111.0 mW·m^-2之间,平均值为102.2 mW·m^-2,与我国主要的克拉通型盆地（如柴达木盆地、四川盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地）和新生代裂谷型盆地（如渤海湾盆地）相比,该区属于青藏高原高热流背景下的局部异常高地温梯度和高大地热流区.分析认为,研究区高地热异常可能暗示共和盆地浅部（20 km以浅）存在局部异常热源体（岩浆囊）.

     

基于实测重力异常和地形数据确定重力梯度的研究

本文利用澳大利亚北领地West Arnhem Land 地区实测重力异常数据并联合DEM(9")和SRTM3(3")地形高程数据,使用移去-恢复技术和Stokes积分方法计算了该地区两条剖面的重力梯度及其功率谱密度,使用FFT方法解算了整个地区的重力梯度值,结果证明了联合重力异常数据和高分辨率地形高程数据能有效地提高重力梯度的解算精度;功率谱密度的计算结果与国外成熟的重力梯度功率谱密度模型相吻合,表明高于0.3 Hz频率范围的功率谱密度可看做噪声,为重力梯度数据处理中噪声的辨别和剔除提供了借鉴,另外对重力梯度辅助导航基准图的构建以及重力梯度测量系统的标定提供了有益的探索.     

Analysis of South Asian Monsoons within the Context of Increasing Regional Black Carbon Aerosols

South Asian monsoons were analyzed within the context of increasing emissions of black carbon(BC) aerosols using a global atmospheric general circulation model.The BC aerosols were allowed to increase only over the south Asian domain to analyze the impacts of regional black carbon over the climatological patterns of monsoons.The black carbon significantly absorbed the incoming short wave radiation in the atmosphere,a result that is consistent with previous studies.Pre-monsoon(March-April-May) rainfall showed positive anomalies,particularly for some coastal regions of India.The summer(June-July-August) rainfall anomalies were negative over the northern Himalayas,Myanmar,southern China,and most of the regions below 20°N due to the decrease in temperature gradients induced by the absorption of radiation by BC aerosols.The vertical wind speed anomalies indicated that these regions experienced less convection,which reduces the precipitation efficiency of the monsoon system in South Asia.     

基于启动压力梯度的低渗透砂岩储层分类研究

利用大庆杏树岗油田的取芯资料、论述了低渗透储层的岩性、物性、含油性以及渗流特征。通过测试不同渗透率岩芯样品的启动压力梯度．得出了启动压力梯度与渗透率之间具有明显的相关性．不同渗透率储层的启动压力梯度变化率的数量级不同,并依此建立了低渗透砂岩储层分类的新方法。按照该方法重新确定了低渗透储层的渗透率上限．并将低渗透储层划分为3种类型。     

Three-Dimensional Conjugate Gradient Inversion of Magnetotelluric Impedance Tensor Data

We developed a three-dimensional(3D) conjugate gradient inversion algorithm for in-verting magnetotelluric impedance tensor measurements.In order to show the importance of including diagonal components of magnetotelluric impedance tensor in 3D inversion,synthetic data were inverted using the 3D conjugate gradient inversion,and the inversion results were compared and analyzed.The results from the 3D inversion of synthetic data indicate that both the off-diagonal and the diagonal components are required in in...     

不同生境梯度下差不嘎蒿(Artemisia halodendron)种群ITS基因的序列分析

以科尔沁沙地差不嘎蒿(Artemisia halodendron)为研究对象,以中亚草原蒿(Artemisia depauperata)为外类群,研究不同生境梯度下差不嘎蒿种群核糖体DNA的ITS序列间差异.结果表明:排序后的差不嘎蒿ITS序列总长度为696 bp,ITS-1和ITS-2长度分别为253～256 bp和264～269 bp、G+C含量的变化范围分别为54.02％～54.77％和56.75％～58.64％,这表明ITS-2在序列长度和序列组成方面均比ITS-1变异大.差不嘎蒿9个种群序列间的一致度为85.7％～99.7％,这表明序列间存在一定的遗传分化.ITS最大简约树说明,CladeⅡ较Clade Ⅰ原始,顺序依次为subp4→subp1→subp2→subp3→subp8→subp6→subp7→subp9→subp5,与其相对应的生境次序大致为丘间低地→半流动沙丘→流动沙丘→半固定沙丘→固定沙丘,这表明差不嘎蒿的进化过程与科尔沁沙地沙漠化的形成过程以及生态恢复过程紧密相关.     

ITS sequence analysis of Artemisia halodendron in different habitat gradients

The aim of the present study is to investigate the difference between ITS sequences of Artemisia halodendron Turcz. from different habitat gradients in Horqin Sandy Land, with Artemisia depauperata Krasch. selected as the outgroup. Results indicate that the total length of A. halodendron ITS is 696 bp, the lengths of unaligned ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequences varied from 253 to 256 bp and 264 to 269 bp, respectively, and GC content of ITS-1 and ITS-2 sequences ranged from 54.02% to 54.77% and 56.75% to 58.64%, respectively. This indicates a high difference of length and composition of sequences in ITS-1 than ITS-2. The genetic identity between ITS sequences of A. halodendron from nine populations ranged from 85.7% to 99.7% which indicates some genetic differentiation between sequences. In the maximum parsimony (MP) tree, most ITS sequences from A. halodendron show two major clades: Clade I and Clade II, with Clade II older than Clade I. The order is subp4 → subp1 → subp2 → subp3 → subp8 → subp6 → subp7 → subp9 → subp5, and corresponding habitat order is: inter-dune lowlands → semi-mobile dune → mobile dune → semi-fixed dune → fixed dune. This indicates a close relation between the evolutionary processes of A. halodendron and desertification forming processes and ecological restoration processes of Horqin Sandy Land.     

A structural metamorphic study of the Broken Hill Block, NSW, Australia

The prograde pressure–temperature (P–T) path for the complexly polydeformed Proterozoic Broken Hill Block (Australia) has been reconstructed through detailed structural analysis in conjunction with calculation of compositionally specific P–T pseudosections of pelitic rock units within a high‐temperature shear zone that formed early in the tectonic evolution of the terrane. Whilst the overall P–T path for the Broken Hill Block has been interpreted to be anticlockwise, the prograde portion of this path has been unresolved. Our results have constrained part of this prograde path, showing an early heating event (M1) at P–T conditions of at least c. 600 °C and c. 2.8–4.2 kbar, associated with an elevated geothermal gradient (c. 41–61 °C km^?1). This event is interpreted to be the result of rifting at c. 1.69–1.67 Ga, or at c. 1.64–1.61 in the Broken Hill Block. Early rifting was followed by an episode of lithospheric thermal relaxation and burial, during which time sag‐phase sediments of the upper Broken Hill stratigraphy (Paragon Group) were deposited. Following sedimentation, a second tectonothermal event (M2/D2) occurred. This event is associated with peak low‐pressure granulite facies metamorphism (c. 1.6 Ga) and attained conditions of at least 740 °C at c. 5 kbar. A regionally pervasive, high‐temperature fabric (S2) developed during the M2/D2 event, and deformation was accommodated along lithology‐parallel, high‐temperature shear zones. The larger‐scale deformation regime (extensional or shortening) of this event remains unresolved. The M2/D2 event was terminated by intense crustal shortening during the Olarian Orogeny, during which time the first mappable folds within the Broken Hill Block developed.