The Würm in NW Iberia, a pollen record from Area Longa (Galicia)

The pollen record at Area Longa is the westernmost sequence available for investigation of the last glaciation in continental Europe. It is located in a region, NW Iberia, for which data from times earlier than the late glacial period are scarce. It comprises a series of exposed limnetic levels that lie above an Eemian (Oxygen Isotope Stage [OIS] 5e) beach and are separated by inorganic layers. The oldest limnetic level (Level I), attributed to the early glacial period (OIS 5a to OIS 5d), shows a dominance of woodland with high proportions of Fagus pollen and is tentatively identified with St. Germain I. The lower pleniglacial (OIS 4) Level II records a stadial landscape of grassland and shrub. Level III, from the pleniglacial interstade (OIS 3), reflects a complex period in which three warmer woodland phases alternated with periods of more open vegetation. This cyclical behavior correlates with the ice core isotope record and with the general tendencies observed in other Würmian pollen records, but the composition of our pollen profiles differs from those observed in these other records. In NW Iberia, the dominant trees were deciduous taxa, not conifers. Of particular note is the presence of lowland Fagus woodlands during the pre-Würm, and the occurrence of Carpinus considerably farther west than the boundary of its current distribution in the Iberian Peninsula.     

极地冰芯固体直流导电特性检测(ECM)及环境意义

在介绍冰芯固体直流导电特性检测（ＥＣＭ）技术方法和检测原理的基础上,论述了ＥＣＭ检测技术应用于冰芯研究领域所具有的非破坏性、快速性和高分辨率的特点,分析阐明ＥＣＭ数据在冰芯年代划分、恢复火山活动历史、确定参考层位和生物质燃烧事件等方面的应用价值和研究意义。     

Lake Winnipeg: geological setting and sediment seismostratigraphy

Lake Winnipeg, the seventh largest lake in North America, is located at the boundary between the Interior Plains and the Canadian Shield in Manitoba, Canada. Seismic profiles were obtained in Lake Winnipeg on two geoscientific cruises in 1994 and 1996. These data indicate the morphology of the bedrock surface. In most cases, a clear distinction between low relief Paleozoic carbonate rock and high relief Precambrian rock can be made. In northern Lake Winnipeg, the eastern limit of Paleozoic rock is clearly demarcated 30 km west of the previous estimate of its position. In southern Lake Winnipeg, all or most of the Paleozoic sequence terminates at a prominent buried escarpment in the centre of the lake. This indicates that Paleozoic rock on the eastern shore, known from drilling and outcrops, is an outlier. Major moraines are apparent as abrupt, large ridges having a chaotic internal reflection pattern. These include the Pearson Reef Moraine, the George Island Moraine and the offshore extension of The Pas Moraine. Little evidence for extensive or thick till was observed. Instead, fine-grained sediments deposited in glacial Lake Agassiz rest directly on bedrock over most of the lake basin. Hence an episode of erosion to bedrock was associated with glaciation and/or deglaciation. The Agassiz Sequence sediments are well-stratified, drape underlying relief and in some areas are over 100 m thick. In places, stratification in these sediments is disrupted, perhaps by dewatering. Evidence of erosion of Agassiz Sequence sediments by recent currents was observed. The contact between the Agassiz Sequence and the overlying Winnipeg Sequence sediments is a marked angular unconformity. The Agassiz Unconformity indicates up to 10 m of erosion in places. The low-relief character of this unconformity precludes subaerial erosion and the lack of till, moraines, or extensive deformation precludes glacial erosion. Waves appear to be the most likely erosional agent, either in waning Lake Agassiz or early Lake Winnipeg time. Winnipeg Sequence sediments, in places very thin, mantle most of the lakefloor. These sediments were deposited in the present Lake Winnipeg and are faintly stratified to massive and reach about 10 m in thickness in deep water. On the surface of the Winnipeg Sequence, vigorous, episodic currents are thought to contribute to the construction of flow-transverse sand waves as much as 6 m high in a deep, narrow constriction in the lake.     

McSEIS—170f浅层地震勘探仪数据格式

日本ＯＹＯ公司生产的ＭｃＳＥＩＳ－１７０ｆ瞬时浮点浅层地震勘探仪野外观测数据具有软盘专用格式。本文对磁盘上文件部信息段与数据段存放方式作出了详细的解释,并且对文件头记录内容逐一进行了解剖和说明。本文还提供了读取文件关信息和数据的标准Ｃ语言程序实例。些项工作补充了仪器说明书中缺少的内容。     

A quantitative approach to deep-water sedimentation in the South China Sea: Changes since the last glaciation

The first attempt is made to evaluate quantitatively the changes of accumulation rates in the South China Sea during the last glaciation and Holocene, based on the data of 72 sediment cores taken from six areas deeper than 100 m. As shown from the calculations, the accumulation rate during the last glaciation is much higher than that during the Holocene. The southern and northern continental slopes are distinguished from other areas by the highest accumulation rates, with different features of sedimentation for aifferent stages: The Glacial-Holocene contrast in accumulation rate of terrigenous material is more distinct in the southern slope, while the contrast in biogenic sedimentation rate is more remarkable in the northern slope. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49576268).     

Metallogenic focus-area and superlarge mineral deposits in the bordering zones between China,Russia and Mongolia

Two deep-sea cores in the northwest Pacific have been analysed for sedimentology, mineralogy and environmental magnetism. The results show that after eliminating the interference from volcanism, several proxies such as quartz content, mass susceptibility and anhysteretic magnetic remanence can be used to indicate the eolian deposit from East Asia, and provide information on paleo-atmospheric circulation. A comparison of eolian record in Cure RC10-175 with its oxygen isotopic curve has revealed that the peaks of eolian accumulation occurred at the climatic “optimum” of the Holocene and the last interglaciation, showing the fairly complex nonlinear relationship between continental/pelagic eolian records and the global glacial cycles as well as within the climatic and environmental system. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 9291104)     

Cenozoic erosion and the preglacial uplift of the Svalbard–Barents Sea region

The creation of the huge fans observed in the western Barents Sea margin can only be explained by assuming extremely high glacial erosion rates in the Barents Sea area. Glacial processes capable of producing such high erosion rates have been proposed, but require the largest part of the preglacial Barents Sea to be subaerial. To investigate the validity of these proposals we have attempted to reconstruct the western preglacial Barents Sea. Our approach was to combine erosion maps based on prepublished data into a single mean valued erosion map covering the whole western Barents Sea and consequently use it together with a simple Airy isostatic model to obtain a first rough estimate of the preglacial topography and bathymetry of the western Barents Sea margin. The mean valued erosion map presented herein is in good volumetric agreement with the sediments deposited in the western Barents Sea margin areas, and as a direct consequence of the averaging procedures employed in its construction we can safely assume that it is the most reliable erosion map based on the available information. By comparing the preglacial sequences with the glacial sequences in the fans we have concluded that 1/2 to 2/3 of the total Cenozoic erosion was glacial in origin and therefore a rough reconstruction of the preglacial relief of the western Barents Sea could be obtained. The results show a subaerial preglacial Barents Sea. Thus, during interglacials and interstadials the area may have been partly glaciated and intensively eroded up to 1 mm/y, while during relatively brief periods of peak glaciation with grounded ice extending to the shelf edge, sediments have been evacuated and deposited at the margins at high rates. The interplay between erosion and uplift represents a typical chicken and egg problem; initial uplift is followed by intensive glacial erosion, compensated by isostatic uplift, which in turn leads to the maintenance of an elevated, and glaciated, terrain. The information we have on the initial tectonic uplift suggests that the most likely mechanism to cause an uplift of the dimensions and magnitude of the one observed in the Barents Sea is a thermal mechanism.     

银川地震台地震波记录特征

通过对银川台具有代表性的１００个典型地震记录图的震相分析,按震中位置不同分区展示了银川台地震波记录的“影区不影”、灵武地震方位异常,东北方向的近震ＰＮ波缺失以及极远震的ＳＮＫＳ波记录,文章还分区概述了银川台对全球不同地区发生的地震所记录的地震波的记录特征。     

《县市级变更调查软件》在国土部门应用解析

本软件是在菜单环境下工作,包括如下几大功能：１．系统维护２．建立电子台帐３．变更调查记录表４．变更后台帐５．打印输出６．台帐结转为用户设计了满意舒适的工作环境,对于一位不懂计算机的工作人员来讲,只用很短的时间,就可掌握软件使用的全过程。以一种十分便捷和廉价的方法,为国土工作者提供了一秒钟量算一个复杂图斑面积的强大能力。电子台帐的建立可进行查询、整理、归集和打印,并且很方便地进行当年变更调查内业工作,形成变更后台帐,并轻而易举地结转为下一年度的变更前台帐库,以满足国家局变更调查工作的全部要求。