济南东部埠村超单元及其就位机制

分布于济南东部六山圈—大有一带的侵入岩,为燕山早期同一岩浆热事件多次侵入形成的杂岩体,依其形成顺序可划分为山张庄、西杜、大有、赵家鹊山四个单元,归并为埠村超单元。该超单元的形成与幔源基性岩浆上侵及同源岩浆分异产生的中偏基性—中性岩浆多次侵入有关,属热气球式膨胀与火山口塌陷复合就位机制。     

Google Earth Engine平台支持下的赣南柑橘果园遥感提取研究

赣南地区是中国柑橘主产区,柑橘种植产业经数十年发展已具较大规模。本文利用Google Earth Engine平台,使用2140景Landsat影像进行像元级融合,重构目标年份季节最小云量影像集,构建多维分类特征集,利用随机森林分类算法,实现了1990、1995、2000、2005、2010和2016年赣南柑橘果园的分布制图。结果表明：利用Google Earth Engine平台可实现大量遥感影像数据的高效处理;最小云量影像合成方法能够有效解决多云多雨地区高质量光学影像获取困难的问题;以最小云量影像合成构建的数据集,使用随机森林分类算法能够有效提取赣南柑橘果园,分类平均总体精度和Kappa系数分别为93.15%和0.90,分类效果良好;赣南柑橘果园面积由1990年9.77 km²扩大为2016年2200.34 km²,2005年以后呈大规模扩张趋势,果园分布由零星分布,逐步形成连片化的聚集分布特点,柑橘果园用地的主要来源为林地、灌丛和耕地。     

MK morphological study of Am stars at 66 Å/mm

The pseudo-luminosity effect in the metallic line A-type stars found by Abt & Morgan (1976) is confirmed in a random sample of 27 Am stars. From a morphological study of their spectra in the wavelength interval 3850-4400 Å at a reciprocal dispersion of 66 Å/mm, revised spectral types are given on the MK system for their K-line and metallic-line spectra. This shows that: (a) our segregation of weak Am from the Am stars largely agrees with that by Cowleyet al. (1969); (b) all the stars in the sample are dwarfs according to their K-line classification; (c) more than 80 per cent exhibit the pseudo-luminosity effect significantly, with their metallic-line spectra resembling a giant or even a supergiant in the violet (3850-4100 Å), and a giant rather than a dwarf in the blue region (4260-4400 Å); (d) in two-thirds of the stars under (c), the Sr n 4077 Å line is found to have a markedly brighter luminosity class compared to any region, and in more than one-third of the sample it is comparable to that in Ap stars; (e) at least five stars exhibit characteristics which might suggest a spectrum variability: among these, the most striking example is 41 Sex A which was found to show a phase-modulated spectrum variation hitherto unknown in Am stars; (f) the metallic-line spectra of another five stars appear to be similar to A-shell type in differing degrees; (g) less than 20 per cent of the sample comprises stars which do not show any significant differential luminosity effect; these stars might have been misclassified or perhaps they are in a quiescent state. We also confirm the conclusion arrived at by Böhm-Vitense & Johnson (1978) that all Am stars may vary and our observations suggest that groups may exist among them.     

Dynamical supersymmetric inflation

We propose a new class of inflationary models in which the scalar field potential governing inflation is generated by the same nonperturbative gauge dynamics that may lead to supersymmetry breaking. Such models satisfy constraints from cosmic microwave background measurements for natural values of the fundamental parameters in the theory. In addition, they have two particularly interesting characteristics: a “blue” spectrum of scalar perturbations, and an upper bound on the total amount of inflation possible.     

山东省天然饰面石材花岗石和大理石地质特征及其分类

山东省天然饰面石材资源储量大,天然饰面石材品种多,地质成因和地质特征各有不同。通过天然饰面石材的岩石学特征对山东省天然饰面石材进行分类总结,从天然饰面石材的岩石学和矿物学角度出发,归纳山东省天然饰面石材的地质特征。通过对山东省典型天然饰面石材进行分类列举,归纳山东省典型天然饰面石材的地质特征。     

模糊层次综合评价在深埋隧道围岩质量分级中的应用

针对现行隧道围岩分类中存在的模糊性问题,引进模糊层次分析模型,实现了围岩定性分类向定量分类的转变,经过工程实践取得了良好的效果.首先确定了影响隧道围岩质量的主要因素,如岩块坚硬程度、结构面发育程度、岩石质量指标以及地下水出水特征,然后建立了模糊评价模型,并采用层次分析法确定了各因素的权重,最后针对堡镇铁路隧道围岩采用模糊层次综合评价决策的数学模型所得到的结果对隧道各段岩体质量的级别进行了划分.     

地震波形分类技术在地质异常体解释中的应用

地震波形分类技术具有统计地震信号总体变化和反映这种变化分布规律的特点,是地震属性分析技术的重要延伸,在地质异常体解释方面具有良好的应用效果。高密度三维地震资料具有高信噪比,高分辨率和高保真度的特点,尝试利用波形分类技术对高密度三维地震资料反映的煤层赋存状态、岩浆岩侵入区进行预测,并对陷落柱解释方法进行了研究。井下巷道实际揭露和钻孔验证结果表明：波形分类方法解释的地质异常体精度高、圈定范围准确,可以为煤矿安全开采提供精准的地质资料。     

城市地下空间安全监测与预警指标研究

为保障城市地下空间开发利用的安全性,促进城市可持续发展,通过文献调研、现场调查和专家咨询等方法,分析提出城市地下空间监测的五项原则,将监测对象划分为三类：工程结构本体、周围岩土体以及周边环境。将监测指标归纳为变形类、力学类、振动类和宏观状态类共四类,其中变形类指标执行双控要求,其他三种指标执行单控要求。监测趋势预测分析可采用公式法、回归分析法、时间序列分析法、灰色预测法、神经网络法和支持向量机法等。全国各地监测控制值基本一致,但预警分级标准存在地区差异,其中北京市和广州市分级预警具有较大参考价值。目前城市地下空间安全监测存在七项不足：预警分级标准不完善,人工监测效率低,监测参数单一,监测信息缺少共享协同,测量精度较低,重监测轻预测以及缺乏数据融合和机器学习应用。针对这些问题,可采取七项措施进行改进：建立合理预警分级标准,发展自动化与智能化监测,多参数综合监测,应用远程监测与云平台,开发高精度测量设备,监测和预测并重,以及数据融合与机器学习应用。     

锑矿床研究若干问题初探

锑矿床研究的重点包括：锑矿床分类;不同构造环境下锑矿庆的成因模式;锑的来源。今后锑矿床分类将以锑矿庆形成的构造背景为主,结合锑矿床成因方式和容矿主岩特点来进行。文章介绍了几种典型构造环境下（大型走滑、造山挤太和造山崩坍）锑矿床形成机理和成因模式。现有的资料表明锑矿床受壳幔相互作用所制约（如拆沉作用,ｄｅｌａｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎ）,这无疑会成为锑矿研究的热点和难点。     

A semiobjective method for condensing classifications

A simple, semiobjective method is described to reduce the number of groups in a classification to an arbitrary level without losing contact with the geologic information contained in the evolving groups. The method, operated in a stepwise or cyclic manner, employs some of the commonly used numerical techniques, but avoids strict adherence to them to obtain geologically more meaningful results. The method is illustrated in a facies study of the upper Paleozoic rocks of southeastern Utah.