吉林海沟金矿矿山地质环境及其恢复治理方法

在对海沟金矿矿山地质环境调查基础上，针对矿区存在着的问题，提出了治理与防范措施，对同类矿山有借鉴作用。     

An invariance in the carbazoles of petroleum

A remarkable invariance in the ratio of 1,3-dimethylcarbazole （DMC） to 1,6-DMC was discovered in crude oils from the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea. The remarkably invariant ratio is kept at a constant of about unity regardless of their concentrations, sources or maturities for the sampies. In combination with the molecular structures of 1,3- and 1,6-DMCs, the invariance might indicate that the nitrogen compounds share a common precursor with a skeleton of 1-methylcarbazole and are formed through methylation at C3 and C6 with an essentially identical rate.     

北京城市建设的地质环境问题

在论述地质环境与北京城市建设关系和分析北京地区地质环境特点的基础上，提出城市建设与保护地质环境的个人建议。     

What is the source of baseflow in agriculturally fragmented catchments? Complex groundwater/surface‐water interactions in three tributary catchments of the Wabash River,Indiana, USA

Some conceptual models suggest that baseflow in agriculturally fragmented watersheds may contain little, if any, groundwater. This has critical implications for stream quality and ecosystem functioning. Here, we (a) identify the sources and flowpaths contributing to baseflow using ²²²Rn and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and (b) quantify mean apparent ages of groundwater and baseflow using multiple isotopic tracers (CFC, SF₆, ³⁶Cl, and ³H) in 4 small (0.08 to 0.64 km²) tributary catchments to the Wabash River in Indiana, USA. ²²²Rn activities and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios indicate that baseflow in 3 catchments is sourced primarily from groundwater; baseflow in the fourth is dominated by a source similar to agricultural run‐off. CFC‐12 data indicate that springs in 1 catchment are discharging significant proportions of water that recharged between 1974 (42 ± 2 years) and 1961 (55 ± 2 years). Those same springs have ³⁶Cl/Cl ratios between 1,381.08 ± 29.37 (×10^?15) and 1,530.64 ± 27.65 (×10^?15) indicating that a substantial proportion of the discharge likely recharged between 1975 (41 years) and 1950 (66 years). Groundwater samples collected from streambed mini‐piezometers in a separate catchment have CFC‐12 concentrations indicating that a large proportion of the recharge occurred between 1948 (68 ± 2 years) and 1950 (66 ± 2 years). Repeat sampling conducted in September 2015 after above‐average summer rainfall did not show significant decreases in mean apparent age. The relatively old ages observed in 3 of the catchments can be explained by geological complexities that are likely present in all 4 catchments, but overwhelmed by flow from the shallow phreatic aquifer in the fourth catchment.     

河北东坪金矿地质地球化学特征

东坪金矿位于河北省崇礼区,大地构造处于华北地台北缘,燕辽沉降带与内蒙地轴结合处南侧,距尚义-崇礼-赤城深大断裂10km。区内出露地层主要为太古界桑干群变质岩系,岩性以片麻岩为主。区内断裂构造较发育,主要有EW向,NW向和NE向,其中以EW向的最为发育。 区内岩浆岩也比较发育,沿尚义-崇礼-赤城深大断裂分布,主要有小张家口超基性岩、水泉沟碱性杂岩和上水泉花岗岩。水泉沟碱性杂岩体呈EW向展布,向南北两侧倾斜,主要岩性为碱性长石正长岩、辉石角闪碱性长石正长岩、辉石角闪正长岩和角闪碱性长石正长岩等。     

华北陆块晋冀Al- Fe- Au- Pb- Zn- Ag- Cu- 煤成矿带主要地质成矿特征及潜力分析

华北陆块晋冀成矿带是我国重要的金属和能源矿产资源基地,近年来新的找矿进展和预测成果不断涌现,使之成为我国重点找矿地区之一,需要对其开展系统的成矿区划和部署研究工作。本文以新的研究成果和找矿突破为基础,通过综合分析,在该地区划分新的重要成矿部署区带,厘定边界并将其命名为"华北陆块晋冀Al-Fe-Au-Pb-Zn-Ag-Cu-煤成矿带"。结合区域成矿地质背景的综合研究,在区内划分了10个成矿亚带,初步建立了Al-Fe-Au-Pb-Zn-Ag-Cu-煤成矿带成矿谱系,其成矿作用具有多期次发育和多系统控制的特点,在时间演化上表现为多旋回性、继承性、新生性和叠加性特点,主要成矿期有前寒武纪,寒武纪-晚二叠世,晚三叠世-晚白垩世和新生代,其中晚侏罗-早白垩世是内生金属矿床成矿大爆发期。该带产出的矿床类型复杂多样,与岩浆有关成矿作用有岩浆岩型、斑岩型、矽卡岩型、海(陆)相火山岩型、岩浆热液型和石英脉型,变质成矿作用有沉积变质型、绿岩建造型,层控成因矿床有碳酸盐岩中热液型,沉积成矿作用有海(陆)相沉积型、砂矿型、风化壳型矿床等。结合区域找矿进展和潜力评价最新成果,认为本区铝土矿、铁、金、锰、钼、铜、铅锌、煤矿潜力巨大,为下一步勘查部署的主攻矿种,同时在本区划分了26个重点远景区,对研究区下一步矿产勘查部署工作有一定指导意义。     

豫西Au- Mo- W- Pb- Zn- Ag- Fe- 铝土矿-石墨成矿带主要地质成矿特征及潜力分析

随着地质大调查的开展,豫西地区新的找矿进展和预测成果不断涌现,使之成为我国重点找矿地区之一,需要对其开展系统的成矿区划和部署研究工作。本文以新的研究成果和找矿突破为基础,通过综合分析,在该地区划分新的重要成矿部署区带,厘定边界并将其命名为"豫西Au-Mo-W-Pb-Zn-Ag-Fe-铝土矿-石墨成矿带"。结合区域成矿地质背景的综合研究,在区内划分了10个成矿亚带,初步建立了Au-Mo-W-Pb-Zn-Ag-Fe-铝土矿-石墨成矿带成矿谱系,其成矿作用具有多期次发育和多系统控制的特点,在时间演化上表现为多旋回性、继承性、新生性和叠加性特点,主要成矿期有前寒武纪、寒武纪-早石炭世、晚石炭世-中三叠世和晚三叠世-早白垩世,其中晚侏罗世-早白垩世是内生金属矿床成矿大爆发期。研究区主要成矿类型为岩浆热液型金银铅锌矿、斑岩型-矽卡岩型钼钨矿、层控热液型和海相火山岩型铅锌矿、古风化壳残积型铝土矿、沉积-变质型铁铜石墨矿和伟晶岩型稀有金属矿等。结合区域找矿进展和潜力评价最新成果,认为本区金、钼钨、铅锌银、铝土矿、铁、石墨、煤矿潜力巨大,为下一步勘查部署的主攻矿种,同时在本区划分了25个远景区,其中14个为重点远景区,11个为一般远景区,对研究区下一步矿产勘查部署工作有一定指导意义。     

钦杭Cu- Au- Pb- Zn- W成矿带（东段）主要地质成矿特征及潜力分析

钦杭成矿带(东段)是我国重要的成矿带之一。随着地质大调查的开展,新的找矿进展和预测成果不断涌现,需要对其开展系统的成矿区划和部署研究工作。本文以新的研究成果和找矿突破为基础,结合区域成矿地质背景的综合研究,在区内划分了3个Ⅲ级成矿带及8个Ⅳ级成矿带,并论述了8个Ⅳ级成矿单元的成矿地质特征。钦杭成矿带(东段)的成矿作用具有多期成矿的时间分布特征,主要有晋宁、加里东、海西、燕山等4个成矿期,其中燕山期最为重要。区内矿床类型以斑岩-矽卡岩型、海底火山-热水喷流沉积型铜金多金属矿、石英脉型钨锡多金属、火山热液型铅锌金银多金属矿最为重要,还产出有韧性剪切带型(金山金矿)、石英脉型、构造蚀变岩型金矿,海相沉积型铁锰矿等众多矿床类型。结合区域找矿进展和潜力评价最新成果,认为Cu、Au、Ag、W、Mo、Pb、Zn等矿种资源量潜力优势显著。为下一步勘查部署的主攻矿种,同时在本区划分了9个远景区,对研究区下一步矿产勘查部署工作有一定指导意义。     

Water-rock-tailings interactions and sources of sulfur and metals in the subtropical mining region of Taxco,Guerrero (southern Mexico): A multi-isotopic approach

Multi-isotope (H, O, S, Sr, Pb) systems coupled with conventional (major and trace element) hydrogeochemical analysis were applied to determine the origin of water, to model water-rock-tailings interactions and for source apportionment of sulfur and associated toxic metals in the mining region of Taxco, Guerrero in southern Mexico. Oxygen and H isotopes indicate that meteoric water in the zone is rainwater undergoing varying degrees of isotopic fractionation by atmospheric evaporation whereas Sr isotopes trace the interaction of pristine water from volcanics of the regional recharge zone and subsequently flowing through sandstone and shale to spring points. Leachates form from two distinctive sources (spring water and surface water) having differential interactions with bedrocks prior to entering the tailings. Compared to pristine water, leachates are enriched in sulfate, metals (e.g. Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) and metalloids (e.g. As). The sulfur isotopic composition of ore-sulfides, leachates, secondary precipitates, regional surface water and hypogenic sulfates is described in terms of a two-component mixing model with shale of Mexcala and limestone of Morelos formations representing the light and heavy end-members, respectively, whereas Sr isotopic composition is bracketed combining three lithogenic (Mexcala/Morelos, Tilzapotla and Taxco Schist) sources. Finally, leachates have a mixture of lead from ore-sulfides and Taxco Schist Formation (Family I) or from ore-sulfides alone (Family II). The application of multiple environmental isotopic techniques is an outstanding tool for elucidating complex interactions of water with bedrocks and tailings and for determining the source of sulfur and toxic metal from mining and other metal polluted environments.     

黔北务川丰乐铝土矿床地质特征及沉积环境探讨

丰乐铝土矿床位于黔北务正道铝土矿成矿带的南东端,是近年在铝土矿勘查的空白区新探明的中型矿床。勘查发现矿床中含矿岩系顶部拥有不含或偶含炭质岩系的地质特征,与务正道地区其它铝土矿床存在差异性。微量元素Cr/Ni判别显示了含矿岩系的多物源性,V/Zr及Sr/B揭示该区具有海相―陆相或过渡相―海相的沉积特征。结合前人研究成果综合分析认为,该区沉积环境为受海侵影响的近滨海湖泊―沼泽相环境。