中国分省地质灾害图集与主要地质灾害类型

本文阐述了中国分省地质灾害图编图的意义，编图原则和方法，通过分省地质灾害图集的编制和大量资料的综合分析，提出了我国主要地质灾害类型的分类方案，论述了我国地质灾害发育的基本特点与发展趋势。     

内蒙古鄂伦春自治旗大杨树一带膨润土矿地质特征

通过对内蒙古鄂伦春自治旗大杨树一带膨润土矿地层、构造、围岩蚀变等地质特征的调查研究,查明矿体主要赋存于白垩系下统龙江组的岩屑晶屑凝灰岩及角砾岩中.矿体分为东西两部分,根据埋藏深度和成矿条件,东部矿体分为4层,西部矿体分为3层.通过对矿石的物理化学性能分析,确定了该区膨润土矿石类型属钙基、蒙脱石型,并初步确定矿体的成因类型为火山碎屑蚀变型.     

陕北奥陶纪米脂—绥德岩盐田米脂姬家峁矿区O_2m_5~6亚段岩盐资源及开采条件评价

在充分分析米脂—绥德岩盐田地质特征的基础上,对位于其中部的米脂姬家峁矿区O2m65亚段盐矿层赋存特征进行了研究,预测了矿区O2m65亚段岩盐资源储量,并对其开采条件进行了评价。     

An Integrated Mapping Approach to Petroleum Exploration on the Pratt Anticline,Pratt County,Kansas

A quantitative map comparison/integration technique to aid in petroleum exploration was applied to an area in south-central Kansas. The visual comparison and integration of maps has become increasingly difficult with the large number and different types of maps necessary to interpret the geology and assess the petroleum potential of an area; therefore, it is desirable to quantify these relationships. The algebraic algorithm used in this application is based on a point-by-point comparison of any number and type of spatial data represented in map form. Ten geological and geophysical maps were compared and integrated, utilizing data from 900 wells located in a nine-township area on the Pratt Anticline in Pratt County, Kansas. Five structure maps, including top of the Lansing Group (Pennsylvanian), Mississippian chert, Mississippian limestone, Viola Limestone (Ordovician), and Arbuckle Group (Cambro-Ordovician), two isopachous maps from top of Mississippian chert to Viola and Lansing to Arbuckle, a Mississippian chert porosity map, Bouguer gravity map, and an aeromagnetic map were processed and interpreted. Before processing, each map was standardized and assigned a relative degree of importance, depending on knowledge of the geology of the area. Once a combination of weights was obtained that most closely resembled the pattern of proved oil fields (target map), a favorability map was constructed based on a coincidence of similarity values and of geological properties of petroleum reservoirs. The resulting favorability maps for the study area indicate location of likely Mississippian chert and lower Paleozoic production.     

福建宁化下伊锡矿地质特征及成因探讨

宁化下伊锡矿产于晚白垩世花岗斑岩内外接触带附近,受北东向、北北东向断裂控制。目前已发现锡矿体6个,各矿体呈脉状、长透镜状产出,锡石贮存于硅化、黄铁矿化、云英岩化蚀变岩中,属中-高温热液脉状型矿床。     

云南省兰坪县凤岩山铅锌铜多金属矿地质特征及成因探讨

凤岩山铅锌铜多金属矿位于兰坪断陷盆地中部,是云南省乃至全国重要的铅锌成矿区之一,具有良好的成矿条件和找矿前景。本文通过对矿区地质背景条件、地质特征、地球化学异常特征、矿体特征、矿石特征的分析的研究,认为矿床成因应为后期热卤水为主改造叠加形成的,属沉积-改造层控型矿床。     

Relation of streams, lakes, and wetlands to groundwater flow systems

 Surface-water bodies are integral parts of groundwater flow systems. Groundwater interacts with surface water in nearly all landscapes, ranging from small streams, lakes, and wetlands in headwater areas to major river valleys and seacoasts. Although it generally is assumed that topographically high areas are groundwater recharge areas and topographically low areas are groundwater discharge areas, this is true primarily for regional flow systems. The superposition of local flow systems associated with surface-water bodies on this regional framework results in complex interactions between groundwater and surface water in all landscapes, regardless of regional topographic position. Hydrologic processes associated with the surface-water bodies themselves, such as seasonally high surface-water levels and evaporation and transpiration of groundwater from around the perimeter of surface-water bodies, are a major cause of the complex and seasonally dynamic groundwater flow fields associated with surface water. These processes have been documented at research sites in glacial, dune, coastal, mantled karst, and riverine terrains. Received, April 1998 · Revised, July 1998, August 1998 · Accepted, September 1998     

吉林省地质灾害发育特征及防治对策研究

本文根据吉林省地质灾害发育类型及分布特征,分析了其形成条件及易发影响因素,进行了地质灾害易发程度及防治分区,提出了地质灾害防治对策建议。     

铁路工程地质的发展趋向

本文论述了铁路选线工程地质、铁路工程地质勘察、钻探工作、铁路地质灾害、巨型铁路桥梁及长大铁路隧道等方面工程地质研究所取得的进展及进一步研究的方向。     

二价铁氧化对铁锰循环功能微生物活性的影响及机制

地质微生物是沉积环境中铁、锰氧化还原循环的主要驱动因子,铁锰共存环境中二价铁氧化对不同铁、锰循环功能微生物活性的影响差异和机制尚不清楚.以铁还原菌Shewanella oneidensis MR-1、铁氧化菌Pseudogulbenkiania sp.strain 2002、锰氧化菌Pseudomonas putida...