河西走廊祁连山山前缺水区找水方向

本文根据近20年来在河西走廊从事水文地质工作所掌握的资料，结合前人研究成果，将山地与平原的接触关系归纳为3种类型，每一种类型都具有特定的水文地质条件，它们的共同特点是存在于山体与走廊平原之间的“叠瓦状”大型逆冲隐伏断裂带及其所派生的山麓中新生界皱褶，阻止了山区基岩裂隙水与走廊平原第四系松散岩类孔隙水之间的水力联系，使山林与走廊平原衔接地带地下水位突变，产生100～200m或更深的“地下跌水”，也正是这一原因，使历年来在这一缺水区的地下水勘察变得尤为慎重，正确找水方向在于根据山体与平原的接触关系的不同，因地制宜地开发利用地下水（泉水）资源。     

Conditioning Channel Meanders to Well Observations

Assessment of uncertainty in the performance of fluvial reservoirs often requires the ability to generate realizations of channel sands that are conditional to well observations. For channels with low sinuosity this problem has been effectively solved. When the sinuosity is large, however, the standard stochastic models for fluvial reservoirs are not valid, because the deviation of the channel from a principal direction line is multivalued. In this paper, I show how the method of randomized maximum likelihood can be used to generate conditional realizations of channels with large sinuosity. In one example, a Gaussian random field model is used to generate an unconditional realization of a channel with large sinuosity, and this realization is then conditioned to well observations. Channels generated in the second approach are less realistic, but may be sufficient for modeling reservoir connectivity in a realistic way. In the second example, an unconditional realization of a channel is generated by a complex geologic model with random forcing. It is then adjusted in a meaningful way to honor well observations. The key feature in the solution is the use of channel direction instead of channel deviation as the characteristic random function describing the geometry of the channel.     

The Area Between a One-Dimensional Ordinary Brownian Curve and a Straight-Line Approximation

For a fractal curve, the measured perimeter length increases as the ruler length decreases. When the perimeter of a fractal curve is traced with a given ruler size, there are areas between the straight-line segments and the true curve. If the underlying geometric rule for creating the fractal curve is known, then the size of the areas can be calculated. An equation has been developed for calculating the absolute value of the area between a straight-line approximation and the true curve for the random function ordinary one-dimensional Brownian motion. One potential application of the equation developed is in estimating the amount of ore loss and waste rock dilution that would occur in a mining operation as a result of the errors in the geologic model of the boundaries of an orebody.     

喀斯特地质灾害的形成条件及其环境背景--以贵州省为例

贵州喀斯特环境地质灾害类型多样、分布广泛、发性强，其发生、发育过程不但具有明显的季节性，且具有同步叠加、连续发生及交替出现等特点；地质灾害的危害程度、暴发频率也在逐年增大。其形成过程主要受岩性、地貌、灾害性降水和人类经济等条件影响。地球内动力地质作用决定了喀斯特地质灾害的环境背景，如广布的碳酸盐岩和陡峻的地貌特征等。特别是挽近期的构造运动对近、现代地质灾害具有明显的控制作用；人为活动改变了岩（土）体的平衡状态而导致环境地质灾害发生。     

吉林省龙井市后底洞金矿床地质特征及找矿思路

后底洞金矿床产于二叠纪柯岛组变质岩系与华力西期辉长岩体内外接触带。矿化类型为含金蚀变岩型，矿体受北东向断裂构造控制，矿床成因类型为次火山热液型。     

桃江王家冲锑矿床地质特征及其科技咨询服务

桃江王家冲中型锑矿床，赋存在上元古界板溪群五强溪组中段灰绿色板岩中，背斜翼部的层间剥离、破碎裂隙是矿床形成的储矿构造，东西向断裂Ｖ＿４、Ｖ＿５为控矿构造。矿区一般见２～３层矿，平均厚度１．２４ｍ，平均品位Ｓｂ４．９８％。矿石矿物主要是辉锑矿。矿床成因属燕山期中低温液型锑矿床。该矿床已有７０年开采历史，去年曾出现资源危机，矿山面临关闭。笔者应邀赴矿对井下未知矿体进行预测，旨在指导生产找矿。由于科技咨询与生产找矿紧密结合，短时间内就取得了找矿突破，解了矿山燃眉之急，延长了矿山生产服务年限，社会经济效益明显。     

新疆铜镍硫化物矿床的基本地质特点

作者从矿化岩带、含矿岩体和矿床特点三个层次,概括地阐述了新疆铜镍硫化物矿床成生的地质条件、基本特点,成因及矿模式;用归纳对比法,突出地探讨了新疆槽区铜镍硫化物矿床的分布规律.     

浅谈湘南地区北西向构造及其控岩控矿作用

本文根据野外调查和区调资料,结合物化探及遥感解译成果的综合分析,认为湘南地区北西向构造广泛发育。按生成时期、发育特点及分布情况可大致划为:安仁—桂东、耒阳—汝城、常宁—桂阳、新田—临武四个构造带。具有长期活动、成带出现、大致等距,控岩控矿的特征。北西向与北东向构造带交会部位往往是矿田的赋存部位或寻找隐伏矿田最有利的地段。     

1993年世界地震灾害综述

１９９３年世界范围发生６级以上地震１１８次，造成灾害的地震有１０次，其中较严重灾害地震４次。地震伤亡人数超过１９９２年，也高于历史地震灾害的平均死亡人数。本文综述了１９９３年世界地震灾害，指出了１９９３年灾害性地震揭示出的几个问题。