山东黄河冲积平原区地氟病与地球化学环境相关性研究

山东黄河冲积平原区是山东省地氟病的重病区,危害严重。选择其中的郓城、嘉祥、博兴3县进行土壤氟含量、饮水氟含量、儿童尿氟、儿童氟斑牙检出率、氟斑牙指数、成人尿氟、成人氟骨症检出率等指标进行调查,结果表明区内土壤、饮水氟含量和群体的尿氟含量普遍较高,高氟的危害和地方性氟中毒病情十分严重。在分析氟元素在土壤、饮水中的分布及变化规律的基础上,开展地方性氟中毒病与生态地球化学环境相关性研究,认为地方性氟中毒病与土壤中氟含量、饮水氟含量呈正相关关系。     

扬子地区典型剖面二叠系不同沉积相地球化学特征

对扬子地区2个典型剖面即四川广元上寺剖面和贵州罗甸纳水剖面二叠系系统采样,在沉积相研究的基础上,对华南二叠系碳酸盐岩地层不同沉积相地球化学特征进行了分析。研究表明:Co、Ba、V、Rb等具有指相意义的元素,在越靠近深水环境,Co、Ba、V、Rb平均丰度越高,而w(Sr)/w(Ba)值从开阔台地相到盆地相整体有降低趋势。贵州罗甸纳水剖面为斜坡沉积背景的典型剖面,从台地前斜坡相→陆棚相→斜坡相→盆地相,w(ΣREE)值逐渐增大,且各相带稀土元素配分模式存在明显的Ce异常。四川广元上寺剖面二叠系浅海陆棚相下部和盆地相地层中平均残余有机碳丰度大于1.5%,说明这2个沉积相带可能为该地区优质烃源岩发育相带,该剖面二叠系显示从开阔台地相到盆地相具有有机质逐渐富集的特点。     

因子分析法对内蒙古查巴奇地区水系沉积物地球化学分区的应用研究

利用R型因子分析方法对内蒙古查巴奇地区1∶5万水系沉积物数据资料进行分析,提取了具有代表性的8个因子,绘制了因子得分图及地球化学分区图,结果显示:地球化学分区结果与地质特征对应较好。As、Sb、Cu、Zn组合主要反映了林西组地层,其子区展布方向与林西组地层的NE走向一致,而Pb、Zn子区在光华组英安岩及安山岩、老龙头组变质岩和早侏罗世英云闪长岩中均有分布,总体呈NE向展布;Ag、W子区除在研究区北侧有相对较小面积的分布外,主要分布在研究区南部晚侏罗世二长花岗岩中,表明Ag、W类与该位置的花岗岩体密切相关。通过野外实际调查发现,一个Au矿点及一个Pb、Zn矿点分别位于As、Sb、Cu、Zn子区和Pb、Zn子区内。通过对研究区进行地球化学分区,明确了各类子区特定的地质地球化学意义及其相互关系,为勘查地球化学方法找矿提供有利信息。     

Outlines of New Global Geochemical Mapping Program

<正>Since 1988,great efforts and enthusiasm had been paid by applied geochemists in the implementation of global geochemical mapping through the International Geological Correlation Program's Projects 259 and 360,and the Task Group on‘Global Geochemical Baselines' established by the International Union of Geological Sciences(IUGS),in collaboration with the International Association of Geochemistry(IAGC).But how to use extremely low-density sampling to obtain a global picture of the distribution of most elements in the periodic table in a reasonably short time is still a great challenge faced by the applied geochemistry community.It will depend on the continuous development of new mapping concept,and the advisable and courageous innovation of methodology for searching other suitable sample media and sampling layout.Based on the encouragement results obtained from the representativeness study of delta sediments conducted at the mouth of Yangtze River,and at the mouths of its four major tributary,it is expected to broadly apply the geochemical fractal self-similarity nature to main rivers and their estuaries with catchments up to hundreds of thousands or over a million square kilometers in the world.With this new mapping concept,a new outlines of a Global Geochemical Mapping Program was advanced and the establishment of an International Research Center of Global Geochemical Mapping was also suggested to facilitate the programs implementations.     

土壤地球化学测量在菲律宾红土型镍矿勘查中的应用

通过在菲律宾迪纳加特岛红土型镍矿勘查区开展土壤地球化学测量工作,发现了一批有价值的地球化学异常。根据红土型镍矿的成矿地质条件与特征,评价了异常区的找矿潜力,圈定了红土型镍矿的找矿靶区,并在靶区的工程查证中取得了较好的找矿效果。工作效果证明,土壤地球化学测量方法对于红土型镍矿的找矿具有高效、快速和低成本的优势。     

集安市大石湖多金属矿地质特征及找矿标志

大石湖多金属矿区处于鸭绿江裂谷边缘的辽东—吉南成矿带之中,其间分布着集安市前石岭铅锌矿点、集安市杨木林子铅锌矿点、集安市大关门砬子铅锌矿点、集安市望江楼铅锌矿点、集安市秋皮沟铜矿点等,具有相同的成矿地质环境,找矿标志明显,通过对铅锌等矿种成矿地质条件、成矿作用、成矿规律和控矿因素的全面总结研究和重新认识,建立区域成矿模式,并对区域成矿潜力进行评价。     

河西走廊地区石炭系烃源岩的特征

通过对河西走廊地区石炭系烃源岩的分布、有机质丰度、有机质类型、有机质成熟度等特征的综合评价,指出河西走廊地区石炭系广泛分布以暗色泥页岩、炭质泥岩为主的烃源岩,具有厚度大、有机质丰度高、以Ⅱ-Ⅲ型干酪根为主的烃源岩.平面上,河西走廊东部中卫-靖远地区石炭系生烃条件最为有利,纵向上,靖远组和羊虎沟组为主要的烃源岩发育层段.总之,河西走廊地区石炭系不乏油气生成的物质基础,是油气勘探值得重视的新层系.     

精细地球化学找矿方法的一次实践——以江西九江城门山铜矿外围联盟银金矿化点的发现为例

结合本次城门山铜矿东南侧联盟银金矿化点的发现,论述了开展精细地球化学找矿的重要性,即遵循"以矿找矿"和铜多金属矿床的时、空套叠成矿作用的准则,以地质为基础,以现代地球化学成矿成晕机制为指导,以勘查地球化学新技术、新方法和高精度的分折测试为支撑,在老矿区的深部和外围开展新一轮的地球化学找矿方法研究。     

Characterization of groundwater quality in Kinmen Island using multivariate analysis and geochemical modelling

Kinmen is located in the south‐west of Mainland China and mainly has two islands, Large Kinmen and Leiyu. Residents in Kinmen have drunk groundwater over several decades. This work characterized the quality of groundwater in Kinmen using factor analysis (FA), cluster analysis (CA) and geochemical simulation. The factor scores were plotted spatially to illustrate the groundwater quality and were used to discuss the grouped relationship using CA. Salinization, redox and organic matter factors are identified from 17 hydrochemical measurements in 18 wells. Acidic and oxidizing groundwater with nitrate‐N pollution is distributed mainly in the west of Large Kinmen. Saline groundwater is distributed to the north‐east of Large Kinmen and in the south of Leiyu. Groundwater with organic matter is present throughout Leiyu. Five groups of the groundwater quality divided by CA can be interpreted according to one to three factors. The grouped characteristics of the groundwater quality help the local government and industries to plan the use and protection of groundwater resources. Furthermore, a geochemical simulation was used to demonstrate the formation processes of the acidic and oxidizing groundwater properties in granitic sediments. A large amount of the precipitation of the kaolinite and magnetite releases concentrations of hydrogen ion and raises the redox potential in the aquifers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

河北北岔沟门铅锌矿区地球化学特征

通过对河北省隆化县北岔沟门铅锌矿区水系沉积物、岩石、近矿围岩、矿体中元素分布规律的分析,探讨了矿区内元素的相关性、元素组分分带及矿化意义和元素原生分带,阐明该矿区的地球化学特征,基本建立矿体剥蚀程度的评价指标,并对今后在该区进行地质普查提出了地球化学找矿标志。