Attenuation of aqueous metal transport at two natural acid rock drainage occurrences in the Yukon Territory, Canada

Naturally acidic drainage associated with pyritic black shale has been observed in many locations in the Yukon Territory. While not necessarily linked to known mineral deposits, most of these natural acid rock drainage occurrences show elevated dissolved concentrations of trace elements, especially zinc, nickel, copper, cadmium and arsenic. Based on field observations, microbial investigation, chemical analyses and geochemical modeling, the fate and transport of potentially deleterious elements at two natural acid drainage occurrences with slightly different settings are examined. The Macintosh Creek is a small, acidic stream （pH 2.98-3.40）, 2 km long, located in the Macmillan Pass area of east-central Yukon amidst known sedimentary exhalative massive sulfide mineralization but remains undisturbed by exploration activities. Its trace metal content is apparently derived from groundwater discharges, which gave as much as 5.0, 2.5, 0.7, 0.13 and 0.03 mg/L ofZn, Ni, Cu and As, respectively. Interaction and sorption reactions with algal mats, biofilms and iron oxyhydroxides appear to be the dominant mechanisms attenuating aqueous contaminant transport along the stream. Cryogenic precipitation further consolidates the ferricrete formation and reduces the mobility of the sorbed metals. The tributaries of the Engineering Creek along the Dempster Highway in northern Yukon drain through a series of dolomite, phyllite, argillite, limestone, black shale, sandstone and conglomerate with no known concentration of mineralization. In this area, the water chemistry fully reflects the local geology with acidic streams invariably associated with black shale occurrences. Groundwater seeps in the headwaters area of the km-180 Creek completely enclosed in black shale gave pH 3.0 and as much as 148, 39, 2.9 and 9.1 mg/L of Zn, Ni, Cu and As, respectively. Sorption with iron oxyhydroxide and organic matter appear to dominate the attenuation of contaminant transport along the stream. However, once entered into carbonate-dominated terrains, secondary carbonate minerals exercise additional geochemical control on the local water chemistry as a result of neutralization.     

The chromite deposits associated with ophiolite complexes, Southeastern Desert, Egypt： Petrological and geochemical characteristics and mineralization

1 Introduction The association of massive Fe-Ni-Cu sulfides andchromite is a very unusual feature of podiformchromitites occurring in mantle tectonites of ophioliticcomplexes. It has only been described in theSoutheastern Desert, Egypt, where sulfides a…     

油气化探数据库系统

建立油气化探数据库是油气化探信息资源共享、科学管理、宏观决策的基础和依据,是油气化探数据处理及异常评价的基础。本系统采用动态自适应结构,收集、录入了几十年来我国油气化探数据,可以完成油气化探数据登录、管理、浏览、检索、报表、数据预处理。文章中论述了油气化探数据库的结构、特点及功能,反映了油气化探数据库研究领域的新进展和研究水平。     

盐城凹陷朱家墩气田综合化探异常及其地质意义

用酸解烃、顶空气、吸附丝及甲烷碳同位素方法对盐城凹陷朱家墩气田进行了综合油气化探测量,建立了该区这几种方法指标的化探异常模式,在总结已知油气区异常规律的基础上,优化化探方法及指标组合并运用于未知区域,圈定了油气远景靶区。探讨了地表化探异常与石油地质特征的关系,为化探异常的地质解释提供了可借鉴的思路。     

赣南银坑山铀矿点地球化学特征及其找矿意义

银坑山铀矿点位于赣南九龙嶂火山盆地南东边缘,矿体呈脉状,水云母化、赤铁矿化明显。与围岩相比,矿石的Al₂O₃、SiO₂含量降低,Fe₂O₃(FeO)、MnO、CaO、S、Cl呈富集趋势,Mo、Ag、Th为主要伴生组分。从矿化蚀变组合特征看,银坑山矿点属岩浆热液型,且位于岩浆热液成矿系统的上部,深部具成矿前景。     

陈家杖子金矿地球化学特征及其指示意义

陈家杖子金矿是通过1∶5万化探工作发现的斑岩型金多金属矿, 其地球化学异常特征可作为在该区寻找类似矿床标志。该矿东部还有形成多金属矿的潜力。在此类土壤覆盖区应采用土壤测量。该金矿的发现反映了在我国中西部地区利用常规方法来发现新矿床的巨大潜力。     

现阶段地表油气化探技术难题与发展对策

虽然地表油气化探方法技术已取得显著的应用效果, 但是由于成功率计算标准不同及方法技术本身的缺陷, 导致人们对方法的认同度较低。当前, 地表油气化探技术的发展, 一方面要以可靠的实验依据、严谨的数理推导及理论模型应对来自方法技术本身的挑战, 另一方面也要利用其快速、廉价和直接的优势, 加强与地质、遥感、非震物探等方法综合应用。     

地球化学异常再现性与可对比性

不同密度采样是否可以获得稳定的和可追索的地球化学模式是检验采样是否具有代表性，分析技术是否成熟的重要依据。笔者选择新疆哈密大南湖地区约6400km^2面积，进行了从超低密度(1个样／100km^2)，甚低密度(1个样／25km^2)直到低密度(1个样／4km^2)地球化学采样，对比了3种密度地球化学采样所获得的地球化学数据和异常分布模式。得出如下结论：超低密度、甚低密度、低密度地球化学调查获得的元素含量平均值和背景值非常接近；超低密度、甚低密度、低密度调查所圈定的地球化学省在形态上和变化趋势上非常相似，浓集中心的位置重合，表明不同调查阶段可获得稳定的和可追索的地球化学模式；采样密度越大数据离散程度越高，即最小值更小，最大值更大，表明元素分布的局部不均匀性，正是这种局部的不均匀性才能通过加密采样刻画出地球化学模式的细节变化，为逐步追踪矿化体奠定了基础；超低密度和甚低密度采样可以有效圈定矿集区所形成的大规模地球化学异常，低密度地球化学调查不仅可以圈定矿集区异常，同时可以圈定分散矿化的小规模局部异常。     

西昆仑山东段库牙克断裂与康西瓦断裂、阿尔金断裂关系的地球化学证据

新疆昆仑山中部库牙克地区，处于不同大地构造单元的结合部位，一些重要构造线均交会于此，确定它们之间的关系，关键在于库牙克断裂。1：20万区域化探最新成果显示，库牙克地区绝大多数元素两分性特征突出、南北差异明显，北部整体富集MgO、K2O、Na2O、Al2O3、CaO、Cr、Ni、Co、V、Ti、Au、La、Be，而贫Hg、As、Sb、B、Li，南部正好相反。两者之间的分界线从东向西依次对应于阿尔金断裂西段、库牙克断裂、阿什库勒断裂和康西瓦断裂东端。因此，从地球化学角度对库牙克断裂的延伸进行了推断，提出库牙克断裂东连阿尔金、西经阿什库勒与康西瓦断裂相接的新认识。