福建德化青云山铜金矿地质物化探特征

德化青云山铜金矿区已发现15个工业矿体,矿体呈脉状、透镜状,受断裂、不整合面及构造蚀变带控制,矿化具上金下铜垂向分带特征,为次火山中低温热液蚀变型铜金矿,在总结矿区地质一地球物理地球化学特征基础上,提出该类型矿床的综合找矿方法。     

Thermodynamic Evaluation of Mineral Balance in Water Thickness of the Soda Lake Doroninskoe(Eastern Transbaikalia,Russia)

正In recent years,lakes,including salted,attract the attention of researchers,also when reconstructing last climate changes using the bottom sediments(Solotchina et al.,2008,et al.).In this case the different geochemical     

Pyrite-hydrocarbon Interaction under Hydrothermal Conditions: an Alternative Origin of H2S and Organic Sulfur Compounds in Sedimentary Environments

Sulfate rocks and organic sulfur from sedimentary organic matter are conventionally assumed as the original sulfur sources for hydrogen sulfide(H_2S) in oil and gas reservoirs. However,a few recent experiments preliminarily indicate that the association of pyrite and hydrocarbons may also have implications for H_2S generation,in which water effects and natural controls on the evolution of pyrite sulfur into OSCs and H_2S have not been evaluated. In this study,laboratory experiments were conducted from 200 to 450° C to investigate chemical interactions between pyrite and hydrocarbons under hydrothermal conditions. Based on the experimental results,preliminary mechanism and geochemical implications were tentatively discussed. Results of the experiments showed that decomposition of pyrite produced H_2S and thiophenes at as low as 330°C in the presence of water and n-pentane. High concentrations of H_2S were generated above 450°C under closed pyrolysis conditions no matter whether there is water in the designed experiments. However,much more organic sulfur compounds(OSCs) were formed in the hydrous pyrolysis than in anhydrous pyrolysis. Generally,most of sulfur liberated from pyrite at elevated temperatures was converted to H_2S. Water was beneficial to breakdown of pyrite and to decomposition of alkanes into olefins but not essential to formation of large amounts of H_2S,given the main hydrogen source derived from hydrocarbons. In addition,cracking of pyrite in the presence of 1-octene under hydrous conditions was found to proceed at 200°C,producing thiols and alkyl sulfides. Unsaturated hydrocarbons would be more reactive intermediates involved in the breakdown of pyrite than alkanes. The geochemistry of OSCs is actually controlled by various geochemical factors such as thermal maturity and the carbon chain length of the alkanes. This study indicates that the scale of H_2S gas generated in deep buried carbonate reservoirs via interactions between pyrite and natural gas should be much smaller than that of thermochemical sulfate reduction(TSR) due to the scarcity of pyrite in carbonate reservoirs and the limited amount of long-chained hydrocarbons in natural gas. Nevertheless,in some cases,OSCs and/or low contents of H_2S found in deep buried reservoirs may be associated with the deposited pyrite-bearing rock and organic matters(hydrocarbons),which still needs further investigation.     

MAPGIS化探图数据网格化方法选择探讨

根据新疆维吾尔自治区多目标区域地球化学调查(1:25万项目GZTR20070117)中昌吉部分区域的地球化学土壤表层样Cu化学分析数据,利用MAPGIS软件中的GRD模型生成化探异常图,为找矿、环境地球化学质量分析提供依据。     

基于深地勘探的化探新方法发展现状分析

矿产资源是人类社会经济发展的重要物质基础,我国目前处于经济大发展时期,对矿产资源的需求量日益增大。然而随着已知矿、露头矿及浅部矿的日渐枯竭,未来的勘探工作重点势必将由地表浅部转向地下深部的隐伏矿勘查。国内外找矿实践证明,化探在寻找深部及隐伏矿床方面是一种直接、快速、有效的方法技术,而且随着"深穿透地球化学"概念的提出及发展,通过对穿透能力很强的气体、纳米级微粒、离子提取技术和植物地球化学测量技术的研究,提出了相关的深穿透地球化学勘探方法技术,本文对其异常形成机制进行了分析,并就其在寻找深部及隐伏矿床中的成效进行了探讨。     

地球化学元素基因谱曲线及其地质意义--以内蒙古大兴安岭中南段成矿区(带)为例

元素的聚散取决于其自身原子结构(内因)和地质作用环境(外因)两方面的因素,地球化学元素基因谱曲线就是地球化学系统对地质成矿作用的响应结果。以内蒙古大兴安岭中南段铜锡多金属成矿区(带)为研究区,通过1∶20万地球化学水系沉积物测量数据的处理分析,简述了地球化学元素基因谱曲线的构造与生成,重点探讨了水系沉积物测量数据构成的元素准基因谱曲线所包含的时空结构、关联结构等元素序结构信息,以及它们所包含的重要地质意义。通过对研究区地球化学填图元素准基因谱曲线的综合分析,指出两次叠加成矿作用造就了该地区中大型多金属矿床的形成,为该地区进一步地质找矿指明了基本方向。     

分形方法在澳大利亚新南威尔士地区地球化学异常下限确定中的应用

应用分形方法研究了新南威尔士地区地球化学异常及其下限的确定,对该区的地球化学铜元素异常区进行了圈定。通过与传统方法圈出的异常区进行比较,分形方法确定的异常下限更符合实际情况,并认为研究区域的东北部与南部存在铜矿床的可能性较大,为进一步找矿指明了方向。该方法不仅适用于地球化学铜元素数据,而且还适用于其他元素和地质数据,具有普遍的意义。     

吉林省浑江市幅1∶50 000水系沉积物测量原始数据集

吉林省浑江市幅1∶50 000水系沉积物测量共采集1961件水系沉积物样品, 采样粒级为-10目~+80目, 平均采样密度为5.1个/km²。采用发射光谱法(AES)、泡沫塑料吸附石墨炉原子吸收分光光谱法(GFAAS)、原子荧光法(AFS)及等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)分析了Au、Ag、Cu、Pb、Zn、As、Sb、Bi、Hg、W、Sn、Mo、Cd、Co、Cr、Ni 等16种元素, 形成吉林省1∶50 000浑江市幅水系沉积物测量原始数据集。数据集包含有1961件样品以及其16元素的原始数据表1个(Excel), MapGIS格式图集1套(含有1张矿产地质图、1张采样点位图、16张单元素地球化学图、16张单元素异常图)。通过本数据集新发现单元素地球化学异常403处, 综合异常24处, 结合地质、物探、化探、遥感及已有成矿线索圈定金矿找矿靶区3处、铜及多金属找矿靶区2处。本文数据集为该区域提供了一套基础性的数据资源, 为基础地质及其他领域应用提供基础地球化学依据。     

塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘凹陷天然气地球化学特征

哈拉哈塘凹陷位于塔里木盆地塔北隆起中部,具有良好的石油地质条件,是近期油气勘探的重点区带。天然气地球化学特征研究表明,该区天然气干燥系数较低,表现出典型湿气的特征,普遍含有微量的H2S;烷烃气δ13C1和δ13C2值分别为-50.5‰~-42.6‰和-40.2‰~-35.5‰,δD1值介于-262‰~-156‰之间,碳氢同位素系列表现出典型正序特征; C7轻烃组成具有正庚烷优势分布, C5~7轻烃组成以正构和异构烷烃为主。哈拉哈塘凹陷及周缘奥陶系天然气均为海相油型气,既有干酪根裂解气,也有原油裂解气,其中哈拉哈塘天然气中混入了相当比例的原油裂解初期形成的湿气,主要来自于南部阿满过渡带地区的中上奥陶统烃源岩,天然气中具有高δ13C值特征的CO2主要来自碳酸盐岩储层在酸性地层水作用下发生的溶蚀, H2S主要源自含硫化合物的热裂解。其中天然气发生的同位素部分倒转主要源自原油伴生气与原油裂解气的混合。     

福建福清黄塘硅质岩时代讨论及其意义

前人区调资料将福清黄塘地区发育的硅质岩划分为晚侏罗世长林组,但没有确切的时代证据。经调查研究,从岩石面貌、岩性组合、地球化学特征及沉积背景等方面进行区域对比,将该套硅质岩划为早三叠世溪口组角岩段。该地区早三叠世地层的发现对重新认识福建沿海乃至台湾海峡地区古生代一早三叠世的地质构造背景意义重大。