全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9747篇 |
免费 | 2911篇 |
国内免费 | 1744篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 592篇 |
大气科学 | 560篇 |
地球物理 | 5214篇 |
地质学 | 5381篇 |
海洋学 | 1039篇 |
天文学 | 470篇 |
综合类 | 391篇 |
自然地理 | 755篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 23篇 |
2023年 | 101篇 |
2022年 | 194篇 |
2021年 | 272篇 |
2020年 | 292篇 |
2019年 | 550篇 |
2018年 | 694篇 |
2017年 | 688篇 |
2016年 | 743篇 |
2015年 | 682篇 |
2014年 | 797篇 |
2013年 | 1127篇 |
2012年 | 796篇 |
2011年 | 781篇 |
2010年 | 646篇 |
2009年 | 597篇 |
2008年 | 637篇 |
2007年 | 578篇 |
2006年 | 587篇 |
2005年 | 537篇 |
2004年 | 447篇 |
2003年 | 434篇 |
2002年 | 373篇 |
2001年 | 333篇 |
2000年 | 310篇 |
1999年 | 188篇 |
1998年 | 193篇 |
1997年 | 153篇 |
1996年 | 133篇 |
1995年 | 102篇 |
1994年 | 89篇 |
1993年 | 78篇 |
1992年 | 59篇 |
1991年 | 54篇 |
1990年 | 38篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 281 毫秒
121.
Lutz Nasdala Wolfgang Hofmeister Nicholas Norberg James M. Martinson Fernando Corfu Wolfgang Dörr Sandra L. Kamo Allen K. Kennedy Andreas Kronz Peter W. Reiners Dirk Frei Jan Kosler Yusheng Wan Jens Götze Tobias Häger Alfred Kröner John W. Valley 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(3):247-265
We introduce and propose zircon M257 as a future reference material for the determination of zircon U‐Pb ages by means of secondary ion mass spectrometry. This light brownish, flawless, cut gemstone specimen from Sri Lanka weighed 5.14 g (25.7 carats). Zircon M257 has TIMS‐determined, mean isotopic ratios (2s uncertainties) of 0.09100 ± 0.00003 for 206pb/238U and 0.7392 ± 0.0003 for 207pb/235U. Its 206pb/238U age is 561.3 ± 0.3 Ma (unweighted mean, uncertainty quoted at the 95% confidence level); the U‐Pb system is concordant within uncertainty of decay constants. Zircon M257 contains ~ 840 μg g?1 U (Th/U ~ 0.27). The material exhibits remarkably low heterogeneity, with a virtual absence of any internal textures even in cathodoluminescence images. The uniform, moderate degree of radiation damage (estimated from the expansion of unit‐cell parameters, broadening of Raman spectral parameters and density) corresponds well, within the “Sri Lankan trends”, with actinide concentrations, U‐Pb age, and the calculated alpha fluence of 1.66 × 1018 g?1. This, and a (U+Th)/He age of 419 ± 9 Ma (2s), enables us to exclude any unusual thermal history or heat treatment, which could potentially have affected the retention of radiogenic Pb. The oxygen isotope ratio of this zircon is 13.9%o VSMOW suggesting a metamorphic genesis in a marble or calc‐silicate skarn. 相似文献
122.
Taeko Shinonaga Helmuth Aigner Dilani Klose Peter Spinder Heinz Fröschl David Donohue 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(1):93-101
The recommended concentrations of 239Pu, 240Pu and 239+240Pu in reference material IAEA‐315 (marine sediment) were estimated by three analytical methods: isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS), isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and alpha spectrometry. The determination of 239Pu and 240Pu (239+240Pu by alpha spectrometry) was carried out with samples from randomly selected bottles using each method. Plutonium‐238 was also measured by alpha spectrometry. A plutonium‐242 reference material was used as a spike for the quantitative analysis. The influence of 242Pu in the samples was therefore calculated; however, this contribution was less than the range of uncertainty and did not influence the final results. The obtained data were statistically analysed using variance component analysis and paired comparison. The combined standard uncertainties from “method/measurement”, “bottle” and “sub‐sample” were in the order of 3 to 6%. The main contributions to the uncertainty were from the material heterogeneity and from systematic differences between methods. Based on this study with twenty‐seven analyses using 10–14 g sample mass, concentrations of (38 ± 3) Bq kg?1, (28 ± 3) Bq kg?1 and (66 ± 4) Bq kg?1 are proposed as recommended values for 239Pu, 240Pu and 239+240Pu, respectively, and (9.5 ± 0.4) Bq kg?1 for 238Pu as an information value in reference material IAEA‐315. In mass concentration units, these amount to (16.4 ± 1.2) ng kg?1, (3.3 ± 0.4) ng kg?1 and (0.015 ± 0.003) ng kg?1 for 239Pu, 240Pu and 238Pu, respectively. The certified reference materials NIST 4350B and NIST 4354 were also analysed by TIMS for quality assurance of the method used in this study. 相似文献
123.
依托“西部煤炭资源高精度三维地震勘探技术”项目工程,对晋城某矿南翼大巷东南区5m×5m×1ms的三维地震数据体,采用三维地震属性参数预测煤层厚度及其变化规律:沿3煤层、15煤层10ms时窗提取地震属性42种,根据钻孔资料,计算出煤厚与地震属性相关系数;从中优选出相关系数大于0.35的地震属性,其中3煤层9个、15煤层10个;然后进行地震属性互相关分析,优选出与3煤、15煤层厚度相关系数较大的4种属性,建立预测煤厚的BP神经网络模型,分别选取3煤层12个、15煤层4个实测数据作为学习训练和测试样本,以钻孔地震属性作为学习样本,对网络进行训练,最终获得全区煤层厚度。经与预留钻孔成果资料对比,预测精度较高,结果可用。 相似文献
124.
125.
Changing grading of soil: effect on critical states 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
Examples of situations are presented where the grading of a soil changes during its lifetime either by crushing of particles
leading to an increase of fine material or by slow transport of fine particles with seepage leading to a decrease of fine
material. Such grading changes influence the basic constitutive properties of the soil, in particular properties such as critical
states which are dependent on the available range of densities of packing. Discrete element modelling is used to show the
dependence of critical state conditions on grading and the way in which the particle assembly seeks out new critical state
conditions as the grading changes. 相似文献
126.
Heinrich Eichhorn 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1996,64(3):273-275
The autodependence, (a special case of the — now quite obsolete — dependences, which had been introduced for very specialized astrometric purposes) is proportional to the parameter variance which is the expectation of the variance of the systematic error of a function evaluated with estimated parameters. 相似文献
127.
鉴于目前地震学综合定量预报指标的缺乏和预报工作的急需,尝试使用“对比筛选法(简称CSM方法)”进行地震学定量预报指标的提取试验。较之以往作法的进展在于:1.同时使用“有震”和“无震”两类样本对比筛选;2.对不同地区的地震学参数进行了归一化处理。这样做的显著优点是:1.可以较有效地提取“有震异常”和“正常变化”指标;2.提取的异常和预报指标具有定量化和普适性特点。 试验研究使用大华北地震区资料,研究对象取中强地震。经内符和外推检验,证明该方法提取的异常和预报指标有效性和实用性较高。 相似文献
128.
本文在《中国震例》资料基础上,详细分析了华北地区17次中强以上地震前的短临异常,得到华北地区中强以上地震短临异常的三个综合特征,在归纳出短临异常综合特征的基础上,提出了两个判定孕震过程、前兆异常由中期向短期过渡的定量的综合标志。据中期异常的追踪分析和短临异常综合分析相结合的原则,定义并计算了综合预报指标S值,以此值作为是否发生中强以上地震的判据。本文的重点是在分析短临异常综合特征的基础上,结合实用 相似文献
129.
Two different goals in fitting straight lines to data are to estimate a true linear relation (physical law) and to predict values of the dependent variable with the smallest possible error. Regarding the first goal, a Monte Carlo study indicated that the structural-analysis (SA) method of fitting straight lines to data is superior to the ordinary least-squares (OLS) method for estimating true straight-line relations. Number of data points, slope and intercept of the true relation, and variances of the errors associated with the independent (X) and dependent (Y) variables influence the degree of agreement. For example, differences between the two line-fitting methods decrease as error in X becomes small relative to error in Y. Regarding the second goal—predicting the dependent variable—OLS is better than SA. Again, the difference diminishes as X takes on less error relative to Y. With respect to estimation of slope and intercept and prediction of Y, agreement between Monte Carlo results and large-sample theory was very good for sample sizes of 100, and fair to good for sample sizes of 20. The procedures and error measures are illustrated with two geologic examples. 相似文献
130.
以吉林省境内红星构造带(已发现油田)和杨柳青构造带(未发现油田)为试验区,首先利用地震地层学方法,研究间接参数特征,确定有利相带和有效圈闭,并在有效圈闭上选择了39个2×2cm时窗。在时窗内提取与地震波动力学有关的信息,即频率、振幅、频谱能量等,然后对这种信息进行统计计算,获得振幅方差等九个参数并对其进行综合分析,从已知油气藏出发,对未知圈闭油气状况进行了三级预测,指出了最有利的勘探靶区。 相似文献