航天遥感立体测绘小卫星目标跟踪与角度测量

随着现代小卫星技术的不断发展成熟，利用该技术为地球观测服务将成为一件远景可观，意义深元的事情，文中针对舆型航天遥感立体测绘微小卫星的需求，结合单脉冲测角原理给出了航天遥感测绘小卫星地面站面线系统的整体分析与设计。     

虾池生态系能流结构分析

阐述虾池生态系的能流结构,将虾池生态系分为两个亚系统：浮游亚系统与底栖亚系统,在浮游亚系统中有３个功能群,底栖亚系统中有５个功能群。系统的能量来源为人工投饵和太阳光。研究分析两个亚系统中各个生物状态变量的公式表达及其在系统中的功能,阐明了能量在系统中的流动方向和公式表达。浮游亚系统与底栖亚系统通过ＰＯＣ的沉降过程以及营养盐在沉积物中的生物地化循环再生后,经由水／底界面进入水体而耦合。     

基于无人机航测的天景山断裂孟家湾地貌精细解译及活动构造定量参数提取

利用无人机摄影测量技术航测天景山断裂孟家湾的地表地形地貌数据,以获取的数字高程模型为基础,通过构造地貌精细解译进一步提取地震断层的水平位移量及垂直位错量,计算断层的平均水平滑动速率,并分析判识了古地震事件。结果表明:①研究区发育3期河流阶地T₃、T₂、T₁,且均被断错,最新的冲沟T₀未见错动;②在T₁阶地面上提取水平位移量为(7.77±0.98)m,计算得到全新世中期以来的平均水平滑动速率为0.86~0.91 mm/a;③在T₁阶地面上跨陡坎提取垂直位错量为(0.61±0.11)m,其坡度存在2个明显拐点,代表2次地表破裂型地震事件,推测在12000 a前,即晚更新世末期或全新世初期以来至少发生过2次地表破裂型地震。     

准噶尔盆地表层沉积物的稀土元素特征与物源指示

准噶尔盆地的新生代沉积的物质来源对认识中亚地区乃至全球气候环境演变、亚洲内陆干旱化以及粉尘输送路径等关键科学问题都具有重要的意义,但目前对盆地内沉积物的物质来源的研究还比较粗略。文章以准噶尔盆地内不同类型的表层沉积物为研究对象,通过对稀土元素特征的研究进一步探讨盆地内不同沉积的物质来源与相互联系。研究结果表明：准噶尔盆地不同区域表层沉积物的稀土元素含量（不含Y元素）变化较大,变化范围为55.54~194.44 μg/g;大部分样品的δCe值在0.95~1.05之间,未见明显的Ce异常,指示了盆地内整体干旱环境下较弱的风化成壤作用,而Eu异常和UCC标准化配分模式表现出的复杂变化,可能指示了准噶尔盆地表层沉积物物质来源的多源性。根据盆地内表层沉积物的稀土元素总量、配分模式以及δEu值表现出的不同特征,结合了盆地内的区域地形和盛行风向等要素,认为盆地东部的戈壁砂和周围山地的基岩碎屑物之间存在着一定的物源继承,同时强劲的西北风也为该地带来了来自盆地北部和中部的物质来源;北部的阿尔泰山碎屑物质是盆地北部戈壁砂和沙漠砂的主要物质来源,但戈壁砂表现出的Eu中度亏损和较高的ΣREE值可能代表着该区域还存在更为广阔的物源;盆地西部各类沉积物之间表现出的稀土元素特征的相似性表明该地缺乏外界物质的参与,物源具有明显的局域性;盆地南缘的沙漠砂和河流表层沉积物主要来源于天山碎屑物质经冰川磨蚀及寒冻风化等作用形成的粉砂粒级物质,但是该地的黄土在地形和风向的影响下表现出了复杂的物质来源,盆地中的沙漠、天山碎屑物质、盆地东部的戈壁砂,甚至于中亚广大荒漠区的粉尘都为黄土提供了部分物源。

     

永安地磁台的勘选与建设

介绍地磁台建设中场地勘选、建设方案以及材料的选择与检测、磁场梯度监控的一些方法.实践证明,永安地磁台的台址堪选与建设满足地磁台站建设规范的技术要求,说明方法切实有效,可以为其他地磁台站的新建、改造提供参考.     

Overpressure within upper continental slope sediments from CPTU data,Gulf of Lion,NW Mediterranean Sea

Data from in situ piezocone tests (CPTU) and laboratory analyses are utilized for the interpretation of the stress history of Quaternary sedimentary sequences in the upper continental slope of the Gulf of Lion, northwestern Mediterranean Sea. A CPTU based preconsolidation pressure profile referenced to the current effective stress indicates that the deposit is underconsolidated from 12 meters below the seafloor (mbsf) down to at least 150 mbsf. Excess pore pressure below 12 mbsf is further supported by results from oedometer and dissipation tests. Subseafloor pockmarks and indications of free gas in seismic reflection profiles reveal four main overpressure sources (SI–SIV) with overpressure ratios >0.3 at subseafloor depths coinciding with levels where the dominantly silty-clayey sediment contains increased proportions of sand. We relate the excess pore pressure related to free gas due to gas exsolution processes and sea level variations driven by Pleistocene sea level changes.     

格运算的扩张定理与落影函数定理

讨论了格上可测结构的封闭性以及此结构上落影函数的有关问题。指出并证明了逐次扩张与同时扩张的充要条件 ,以及落影函数与模糊集的关系     

K-Ar dating of ring complexes and fault systems in Northern Kordofan,Sudan: evidence for independent magmatic and tectonic activity

From an area of brittle shearing and ring complexes in Northern Kordofan, Sudan 28 K-Ar ages were calculated to determine the geochronology of tectonic and magmatic events. The age results for deformational episodes are 560, 340 and 255 Ma, whereas alkaline magma was intruded at 280, 220 and 165 Ma. The incompatibility of age marks leads to the conclusion that magmatic and tectonic activity in this area have to be regarded as independent events. This holds true even when all dated intrusions from the entire region are compared with post-Pan-African continental tectonic features.     

浅谈我国西北干旱地区旅游资源的开发利用

本文在分析西北干旱地区条件特点的基础上，全面叙述了区内丰富而又独特的旅游资源，提出进一步科学开发，利用本区旅游资源的意见。     

基于HYCOM再分析数据研究琉球海流的形成与起源

The origin of the Ryukyu Current(RC) and the formation of its subsurface velocity core were investigated using a 23-year(1993–2015) global Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model(HYCOM) dataset. The volume transport of the RC comes from the Kuroshio eastward branch(KEB) east of Taiwan and part of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre(pNPSG). From the surface to 2 000 m depth, the KEB(p-NPSG) transport contributes 41.5%(58.5%) to the mean total RC transport. The KEB originally forms the subsurface velocity core of the RC east of Taiwan due to blockage of the subsurface Kuroshio by the Ilan Ridge(sill depth: 700 m). Above 700 m, the Kuroshio can enter the East China Sea(ECS) over the Ilan Ridge, meanwhile, the blocked Kuroshio below 700 m turns to the right and flows along the Ryukyu Islands. With the RC flowing northeastward, the p-NPSG contribution strengthens the subsurface maximum structure of the RC owing to the blockage of the Ryukyu Ridge. In the surface layer, the pNPSG cannot form a stable northeastward current due to frequent disturbance by mesoscale eddies and water exchange through the gaps(with net volume transport into ECS) between the Ryukyu Islands.