乡村复兴中祭祖地方情感回归研究——以韩城党家村为例

乡村复兴的根本在于乡村社会、政治、文化的复兴。而当今社会变化发展的大环境中,中国乡村文化衰落问题日益凸显。通过回顾祭祖文化与地方情感的相关文献,选取具有代表性的陕西韩城党家村作为研究对象,运用文本分析法和访谈法对乡村、祭祖文化和地方情感之间的关联度进行分析,结果表明祭祖文化是乡村文化的核心体现,且祭祖公共空间随着经济市场化发展在逐渐消失;祭祖行为主体由集体到个人;仪式由繁到简,其本质揭示出中国传统文化的衰败及地方情感依恋的减弱。最后对祭祖情感变迁3个层面的原因分析梳理,提出了祭祖文化地方情感回归的建议。     

Gendered spaces of payment for environmental services: A critical look

This article investigates the paradoxical outcomes of a mechanism to promote women's participation in payment for ecosystem services (PES). Focusing specifically on the Legal Representative position, I examine how gendered and generational power dynamics become reinscribed through this position and the various ways that this position is conceptualized, performed, and negotiated. To do this, I combine theoretical insights from feminist theories of subjectivity, political ecology, and forest governance with empirical evidence from a small case study of PES in Jalisco, Mexico. I find that the subjectivity of women within the case study both produce and are produced by gendered and generational differences that simultaneously both challenge and also maintain social‐spatial exclusions. Although this study is limited by its focus on the Legal Representative and a small sample size, such a focused case study sheds light on the social and spatial ways in which PES runs the risk of exacerbating already existing inequities.     

Queer Farmland: Land Access Strategies for Small-Scale Agriculture

Farmers struggle to afford farmland because competing land uses raise prices higher than what farmers earn, especially in small-scale and sustainable agriculture. Farmers often depend on an intimate partner’s income or labor to access land, yet few studies investigate sexual relationships in farmland access. I interrogate how sexuality shapes land access for small-scale agriculture through participant observation and interviews with 25 queer farmers in New England. I find that queer farmers’ sexual identities and relationships influence where they farm, who they live and work with, how they afford the land, and how they learn to farm. I argue that finding land, labor, credit, and knowledge are intertwined, heteronormative processes of capital accumulation shaped by racism and sexism. Queer farmers’ experiences navigating heteronormativity suggest the relevance of sexuality to land conservation and food justice, limits of organizing land access through sexual relationships, and alternatives to the “family farm.”     

大鹏澳海水鱼类网箱养殖区水环境的时空变化及营养状态分析

通过2009年10月—2010年7月对深圳大亚湾大鹏澳网箱养殖区、网箱外0.5km(对照区1)和网箱外2km(对照区2)等3个区域的现场调查,阐明了海水中温度、盐度、pH、溶解氧(dissolved oxygen,DO),化学需氧量(chemical oxygen demand,CODMn)、叶绿素a(Chl a)和营养盐等水质因子的时空分布特征及相关性,并评价了海区的营养状态。结果表明,与两个对照区域相比较,大鹏澳网箱养殖对海水中的CODMn、Chl a和SiO3-Si的影响不明显,对DO、pH、PO4-P、NO2-N、NH4-N、总氮(total nitrogen,TN)和总磷(total phosphorus,TP)的影响相对较大,其中对NH4-N的影响已经扩散到了网箱外0.5km区域。网箱养殖区在冬季和春季是中营养水平,而夏季则是富营养水平。总体来说,大鹏澳网箱养殖区水质有恶化的趋势,必须采取一定的有效措施对网箱区环境进行合理调控。     

中国人口文化素质指数的时空分异及人文动力机制解析

在构建人口文化素质指数的基础上,根据中国文化教育的实际情况,选取合理而简单的评价指标,对1997—2006年中国人口文化素质指数进行定量与定性分析．研究表明：中国人口文化素质指数正在快速提高,但整体水平还很低;人口文化素质指数的空间差异明显,东部最高,中部次之,西部最低,低于全国平均水平的省域集中于西部;近2／3的省域存在发散趋异,收敛趋同的省域不到1／3;向上发散趋异的省域主要位于东、中部,向下发散趋异的省域主要位于西部,空间差异有可能继续扩大．反映单个人文因子与人口文化素质指数之间互动关系的方程显示：人口文化素质指数与人文因子间存在显著的线性关系和对数关系．最后运用逐步回归法得到了综合人文驱动因子与人口文化素质指数之间的复合线性关系模型．     

浙江上山遗址剖面记录中更新世以来的环境演变

At about 173 ka BP of the late period of mid-Pleistocene, the second terrace of the river had been formed as a result of uplift happening in Shangshan area because of the climate, sea level change and tectonic action. Between 173-75 ka BP, aeolian deposited on the terrace, a layer of reticulate red clayey soil about 80-100 cm thick deposited and developed under the warmer and higher temperature. In the last glacial period, the drop of the temperature and the decrease of the precipitation induced the dust-storms increased, A layer of Xiashu loess about 1.0-1.5 m thick accumulated on Shangshan terrace in the last glacial, which has the reticulate red clayey soil buried. At the beginning of the Holocene （11500 a BP-）, temperature went higher gradually and precipitation got more, the pre-persons moved on the Shangshan terrace （11,400-8600 a BP）, which is one of the most important archaeological sites, and can connect the paleolithic culture with Neolithic culture. It could be assumed from the results that the lower reaches of the Yangtze River are the home of rice cultivation, too. The lower place to the west of the Shangshan site experienced the two cycles process of the fluvial facies and the lacustrine facies, indicating that the water source of the pre-historical Shangshan is the river water or lake water. Two AMS 14C age proved the water source disappeared more than 1000 years ago.     

欧洲国旗文化的地理解析

国旗作为一种特殊的文化景观．既体现出地区和国家的地理环境条件,也能反映出该区域的历史、文化背景、民族特点、宗教传统等特征。本文通过对欧洲各国国旗图案的形状、颜色、特别标志等内容的分析,得出国旗文化的地域特征,并将该区国旗文化景观划分为三类：十字型、条带型、盾徽标志型,分别分布于北欧及北海沿岸,欧洲中部、东部,伊比利亚半岛和亚得里亚海沿岸。     

城市文化规划中专题地图的动态表达

城市文化规划是城市发展的关键之一．而地图作为文化规划中不可或缺的部分．目前大多采用传统的静态展示方式,在认知效果、空间要素关系描述、规划理念理解等方面仍存在局限。本文探讨了规划地图动态表达的原则、视觉变量选择、flash实现中的数据处理等注意事项及实例说明动态表达有助于清晰信息导读,平衡界面负载量,提升视觉感受,促进使用者对文化规划理念的理解。     

The conquering of climate: discourses of fear and their dissolution

We are living in a climate of fear about our future climate. The language of the public discourse around global warming routinely uses a repertoire which includes words such as 'catastrophe', 'terror', 'danger', 'extinction' and 'collapse'. To help make sense of this phenomenon the story of the complex relationships between climates and cultures in different times and in different places is in urgent need of telling. If we can understand from the past something of this complex interweaving of our ideas of climate with their physical and cultural settings we may be better placed to prepare for different configurations of this relationship in the future. This paper examines two earlier European discourses of fear associated with climate – one from the early-modern era (climate as judgement) and one from the modern era (climate as pathology) – and traces the ways in which these discourses formed and dissolved within a specific cultural matrix. The contemporary discourse of fear about future climate change (climate as catastrophe) is summarised and some ways in which this discourse, too, might be dissolved are examined. Conventional attempts at conquering the climatic future all rely, implicitly or explicitly, upon ideas of control and mastery, whether of the planet, of global governance or of individual and collective behaviour. These attempts at 'engineering' future climate seem a degree utopian and brash. Understanding the cultural dimensions of climate discourses offers a different way of thinking about how we navigate the climatic future. However our contemporary climatic fears have emerged – as linked, for example, to neoliberal globalism, to ecological modernisation and the emergence of a risk society, or to a deeper instinctive human anxiety about the future – they will in the end be dissipated, re-configured or transformed as a function of cultural change.     

The politics of the possible: Making urban life in Phnom Penh

Phnom Penh, 're-entering' urban history as it did just some three decades ago becomes an important arena in which to focus on the intensifying contestation of rights, practices and development trajectories related to city making. Far from being comprehensively marginalized by emerging urban economies, residents with limited economic means, through their configurations of space, social relations and infrastructure continuously attempt to construct the conditions that enable the city to act as a flexible resource for the viable organization of their everyday lives. These issues are taken up in an analysis of some of the ways in which residents of a large low income housing tract, popularly dubbed 'Building', in the Bassac River neighbourhood collaborate to maximize their access to resources and opportunity.