新区实践与城市发展理念新动向

20世纪90年代以来,我国城市新区发展突飞猛进,特别是浦东新区的成功更催化着这股热潮.纵观全国新区建设起点与规划,现代城市发展新理念发挥着重要作用,特别是生态文明、文化软实力、服务型政府等理念令人瞩目.以全国100多个城市新区的资料文献、统计数据、政府报告等为基础,发现城市发展新理念深刻影响着城市新区发展,城市新区就是我国城市发展新理念在城市中的实践.     

民俗旅游的文化功能分析

近年来，民俗旅游作为一种相对新颖的旅游形式，越来越多地受到旅游者的欢迎，同时也使学者产生了浓厚的研究兴趣。从民俗旅游与文化之间的关系入手，一方面从民俗旅游的概念和民俗旅游的类型阐述民俗旅游是一种文化旅游，另一方面分析指出文化是民俗旅游的灵魂。在此基础之上，总结归纳民俗旅游的四大主要文化功能：民俗旅游有利于各民族的文化传承，民俗旅游有助于对各民族文化的了解，民俗旅游可以促进物质文明和精神文明建设，民俗旅游能够增强民族凝聚力。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article: USA, Eine Geographische Landeskunde , Vol. I, Der Grossraum in Strukturellem, Wandel, 3rd Ed. Helmut Blume . Introduction to Remote Sensing . James B. Campbell . The Sounds of People and Places: Readings in the Geography of American Folk and Popular Music . George O. Carney , ED. Development and Underdevelopment . John Cole . Mobility and Employment in Urban Southeast Asia: Example from Indonesia and the Philippines . Michael A. Costello , Thomas R. Leinbach , AND Richard Ulack . Soviet Asia: Economic Development and National Policy Choices . Leslie Dienes . The Third World City . David Drakakis -Smith . Scholars' Guide to Washington, DC for Cartography and Remote Sensing Imagery (maps, charts, aerial photographs, satellite images, cartographic literature and geographic information systems). Ralph E. Ehrenberg . Population and Development in the Third World . Allan AND Anne Findlay . The Early Mapping of Hawaii . Gary L. Fitzpatrick . Energetics of Physical Environment: Energetic Approaches to Physical Geography . K. J. Gregory , ED. Wildland Recreation: Ecology and Management . William E. Hammitt and David N. Cole . Agricultural Commercialization and Government Policy in Africa . J. Hinderink AND J. J. Sterkenburg . The Dynamics of American Housing . James W. Hughes AND George Sternlieb . Thailand: Buddhist Kingdom as Modern Nation State . Charles F. Keyes . Resolving Locational Conflict . Robert W. Lake , ED. Lands at Risk in the Third World: Local-level Perspectives . Peter D. Little and Michael M. Horowitz , EDS. Nathaniel Southgate Shaler and the Culture of American Science . David N. Livingstone . Regions: The Economics and Politics of Territory . Ann R. Markusen . Wetlands . William J. Mitsch and James G. Gosselink . Historical Geography: Progress and Prospect . Michael Pacione , ED. Loess and Periglacial Phenomena . Marton P$eacsi and Hugh M. French , EDS. Regional Management of Metropolitan Floodplains, Experience in the United States and Abroad . Rutherford H. Platt , ED. Human Cartography: Mapping the World of Man . Janos Szegö . Atlas of Great Lakes Indian History . Helen H. Tanner , ED. The Botany of Mangroves . P. B. Tomlinson . Urban Spatial Traffic Patterns . Rodney Vaughan . The Night After … Climatic and Biological Consequences of a Nuclear War . Yevgeni Velikhov , ED. Industrial Geography . H. D. Watts . Dictionary of Quotations in Geography . James O. Wheeler and Francis M. Sibley . Vermont Townscape . Norman Wiliams , Jr. , Edmund K. Kellogg and Peter M. Lavigne .     

不同尿液标本采集方法对尿沉渣分析仪诊断尿路感染的价值

目的 探索Sysmex UF-1000i尿沉渣分析仪定量检测结果中细菌和白细胞计数在诊断尿路感染中的价值,阐明标本采集送检的不同对UF-1000i诊断尿路感染的影响。方法 选取笔者医院2015年7月~2015年8月466例怀疑尿路感染的入院患者同时做细菌培养及尿常规的检验结果（A组标本）,收集2016年3月下旬~4月上旬148例尿细菌培养清洁中段尿标本,接种之后立即送检尿常规检查（B组标本）。取两组标本的细菌及白细胞计数结果,以细菌培养为金标准用SPSS 18.0统计软件分别绘制ROC曲线,求出尿沉渣细菌和白细胞计数诊断尿路感染的阈值,并计算其敏感度、特异性、阳/阴性预测值、假阳性/假阴性率和准确性,比较两组标本的各项指标。结果 尿沉渣细菌与白细胞定量检测最佳阈值,A组标本分别为101.7/μl与18.8/μl,B组标本分别为98.7/μl与11.1/μl。尿沉渣细菌与白细胞ROC曲线下面积,A组标本分别为0.604与0.661,B组标本分别为0.941与0.848。对B组标本而言,细菌与白细胞联合诊断尿路感染最佳敏感度为82.4%,特异性为92.1%,阳性预测值为77.8%,阴性预测值为93.8%,假阳性率为7.9%,假阴性率为17.6%,准确度为89.9%,并可将细菌培养降低70.9%。结论 UF-1000i尿液沉渣分析仪在诊断尿路感染中有早期筛选,辅助诊断的价值。标本达到无菌采集、中段尿并在2h内送检的要求才能使UF-1000i发挥最大价值。     

全球化背景下城市的文化景观设计浅议--以兰州市为例

文化全球化产生了全球化的文化景观,城市作为这种全球化文化景观的主要体现者,应该在保持其民族地域文化的同时,大力吸取、再加工各种外来文化,向外辐射新文化。景观生态学原理具有关于运动和流动等景观格局关系的一般性意义,适用于包括城市文化在内的各种景观。文化再生功能体是城市文化景观设计的核心部分,应该具有为本民族的特色文化提供核心生境,同时为外来文化和新文化提供边缘生境的功能。以兰州市为例对文化景观特别是文化再生功能体的设计作了示意性说明。     

哈尼文化区的特质--哈尼梯田文化景观

通过深入实地调查和访问，探讨了哈尼文化区及其代表－哈尼梯田文化景观的组成和功能。结果表明：共同的民族语言，生活地域，经济生产方式和民族心理素质形成了具有哈尼族特色的哈尼文化区，哈尼梯田文化景观是哈尼文化区文化景观的代表，哈尼梯田文化景观由森林，村寨和梯田3个系统组成，在空间上形成林－寨－田沿等高线分布的格局，具有保持水土，获得清洁水源，提高农产品，维持系统稳定等功能，是人地和谐共处的持续景观和持续农业的活样板。     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed: Stuart C. Aitken, Family Fantasies and Community Space Robert M. Bone, The Regional Geography of Canada Michael R. Curry, Digital Places: Living with Geographic Information Technologies John Fraser Hart, The Rural Landscape Guntrum Herb and David Kaplan, Nested Identities: Nationalism, Territory, and Scale Klaus Frantz, Indian Reservations in the United States: Territory, Sovereignty, and Socioeconomic Change Linda Mcdowell, Gender, Identity and Place Wolfgang G. Natter, Literature at War, 1914–1940 Allen J. Scott, Regions and the World Economy Hilgard O' Reilly Sternberg, A Água e o Homem na Várzea do Careiro     

Gender Differences in Concerns for the Environment Among the Chinese Public: An Update

Research in China seems to find stronger men’s than women’s environmental concern, unlike what is commonly found in the West. Such findings thus raise questions of the cross-cultural applicability of the existing theories of gendered pattern of environmental concern that have originated in the West. This current study uses data from the 2010 Chinese General Social Survey to provide an update to this research. Results show that in contemporary China women generally are no longer less concerned about the environment than Chinese men, even though women’s lower environmental knowledge somewhat hinders their overall levels of environmental concern. In fact, with equal environmental knowledge, Chinese women are slightly more concerned about environmental problems, consistent with the literature in the West. This current study therefore suggests that relevant theories from the West may likely be applicable to the case of China after all.     

会泽发展文化旅游的优劣势分析及对策

会泽是历史上的东川府所在地,演绎过一段繁荣的办运京铜的历史,留下了众多的文物古迹,发展文化旅游的优劣势是明显的,然而,会泽面临文物古迹的建设性破坏严重、旅游开发资金不足、客源市场打不开等诸多矛盾和困难。提出协调文物保护与旅游发展的模式,多渠道筹措旅游开发资金,参与周边地区的旅游分工,开拓广泛的客源市场的思路。     

全球化背景下滇南山地多民族农业文化景观的演变及其民族共生关系响应——以西双版纳傣族自治州为例

山地多民族地区农业文化景观的演变与当地地理空间的复杂性和民族文化的多样性特征密切相关。运用遥感、GIS技术,并结合田野调查,点面结合,分析了西双版纳傣族自治州橡胶文化景观的空间格局及其对民族关系的影响。研究表明:受全球化的影响,西双版纳地区传统稻作文化正逐渐式微,因经济利益驱使导致橡胶种植面积急剧扩大,土地利用方式改变,这是橡胶文化景观兴起的主要空间演化机制。橡胶文化在给当地少数民族带来丰厚经济收入和促进现代化发展的同时,也造成了生态多样性的破坏,民族特色经济、文化的损害,民族发展互补性的减少以及民族经济共生关系的打破。民族感情和民族认同让位于经济利益,民族乡土社会结构受到冲击,民族共生关系受到影响,这些都集中体现在橡胶文化景观上。通过研究文化景观演变与民族关系的关联,可以丰富人地关系理论的内涵,引入民族因素和文化因素来思考民族地区人地关系,扩展当今全球化变革影响下民族地理学研究的内容,同时也在实践上为做好民族工作和构建新型和谐民族关系提供新的思路。