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排序方式: 共有418条查询结果,搜索用时 39 毫秒
121.
提出了一种利用多分辨率图像模板库来定量确定遥感融合图像真实空间分辨率的方法。实验结果表明,该方法简单实用、易于实现。 相似文献
122.
The use of sedimentary algal pigments to infer historic algal communities in Lake Apopka,Florida 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Matthew?N.?WatersEmail author Claire?L.?Schelske William?F.?Kenney Andrew?D.?Chapman 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2005,33(1):53-71
The primary producer community of Lake Apopka, a large (125 km2), shallow (mean depth, 1.7 m), polymictic Florida lake, shifted from macrophyte dominance to phytoplankton dominance in the 1940s. Today, frequent wind resuspension of highly organic, unconsolidated sediments supports a meroplanktonic community that is predominantly diatoms, but during calm periods the algal community is dominated by planktonic cyanobacteria. Sedimentary algal pigments (chlorophyll derivatives and carotenoids) and chemical proxies for nutrient enrichment (polyphosphate, total phosphorus and biogenic silica) in three sediment cores were used to investigate historic changes in primary producers. Sediments were separated into three stratigraphic zones using multivariate statistical techniques. Stratigraphic zonation was established in each core although sediment deposition at one site was insufficient to adequately resolve temporal changes. These results show the importance of selecting suitable sites for paleolimnological studies. The oldest zone represents macrophyte-derived sediments, and the two overlying zones represent phytoplankton-derived sediments deposited since the 1940s. Algal pigments in the most recent sediment zone show little degradation, which might be due to the presence of viable meroplankton in the sediment. After the initial primary producer shift from macrophytes to phytoplankton, the lake experienced a short period of cyanobacterial dominance followed by a period of benthic diatom abundance before being replaced by the present algal community consisting of cyanobacteria and meroplanktonic diatoms. Chlorophyll derivatives and carotenoids were highly correlated with total phosphorus. Historic trends inferred from the data include algal and cyanobacterial productivity that increased with increased phosphorus loading. The study demonstrates that valid paleolimnological proxies for historic eutrophication are available in loosely consolidated sediments of shallow, subtropical lakes. 相似文献
123.
We formulate a method for determining the smallest time interval Tover which a turbulence time series can be averaged to decompose it intoinstantaneous mean and random components. From the random part the method defines the optimal interval (or averaging window) AW over which this part should be averaged to obtain the instantaneous spectrum. Both T and AW vary randomly with time and depend on physical properties of the turbulence. T also depends on the accuracy of the measurements and is thus independent of AW. Interesting features of the method are its real-time capability and the non-equality between AW and T. 相似文献
124.
D. P. Zarubin 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2000,27(8):590-597
Simple model calculations show that the reversible temperature effects reported for broad OH-stretching bands in infrared
spectra of silica, aluminosilicate, and similar glasses can be explained, in essentials, by homogeneous thermal broadening
of the ν(OH) envelope constituents and a decrease in intensity with increasing temperature taking place uniformly across the
band. This means that these effects are reasonably consistent with the temperature behaviour of narrow ν(OH) bands of crystalline
OH-bearing minerals. These findings leave little room for the previously agreed interpretation in terms of a change in hydrogen-bonding
strength, although the dependence of integrated intensity on temperature still remains to be understood.
Received: 16 April 1999 / Accepted: 4 April 2000 相似文献
125.
126.
乌江流域水库沉积物中生物硅的测定方法及其环境意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用碱提取法中的单点法与多点法相结合,测定了乌江流域水库沉积物中生物硅的含量,并对多点提取法进行了改良。采用多个离心管分装定量样品进行连续振荡,每小时提取1个样品进行测定。对多个时间点的提取结果,利用线性回归法分析得出最佳提取时间,优化最佳提取液,然后利用单点提取-硅钼蓝检测法测定沉积物中生物硅的含量。该方法既保证了单点法的快速,也减小了多点法的多次提取操作与提取时的体积误差。本文根据测定结果探讨了乌江流域水库沉积物中生物硅含量变化规律及其环境意义。 相似文献
127.
硅循环与碳循环密切相关,生物硅作为硅的重要载体,在全球硅循环中占有十分重要的地位。目前,人们对陆地生态系统的硅循环做了大量研究,但对极地地区硅的研究却极为少见。利用中国第五次北极考察获得的土壤与植物样品,对北极新奥尔松地区中国黄河站站基表层土壤中生物硅的含量及土壤和植被中生物硅(主要为植硅体)的形态进行了初步研究。主要结论为:北极新奥尔松地区中国黄河站站基附近表层土壤中颗粒有机碳的含量为1.00—69.3 mg·g-1,平均值为13.7 mg·g-1;颗粒有机氮含量为0.11—9.84 mg·g-1,平均值为1.43 mg·g-1;可溶态硅含量为3.90—26.3μg·g-1,平均值为10.7μg·g-1;生物硅含量为5.60—9.97 mg·g-1,平均值为7.56 mg·g-1,且其含量与土壤颗粒态有机碳和颗粒有机氮呈正相关关系,表明三者具有相似来源。北极表层土壤生物硅比温带、热带地区生物硅含量要高。植物样品中植硅体形态以帽形、圆形、平滑棒形、齿形、刺棒形和哑铃形等形态为主,大小在10—100μm之间。土壤样品中的植硅体主要来源于植物,形态分别为平滑棒形、刺棒形、圆形、哑铃形、鞍形、尖形和帽形,另外硅藻也是北极土壤中生物硅的组成部分,其中裸露土壤中藻类(羽纹纲硅藻)占生物硅的多数(93.3%)。对比发现,有植被覆盖的土壤中,土壤有机碳、可溶出态硅、生物硅含量和植硅体形态丰富度往往比无植被覆盖或寡植被区土壤高,这表明尽管该地区植被稀少,但植物生长对该地区土壤硅循环存在显著影响,值得进一步关注。 相似文献
128.
目前对铅锌矿中高含量硫的测定主要采用传统的重量法和容量法,但由于铅锌矿基体复杂,干扰较多,造成操作步骤繁琐;而采用湿法仪器分析又受制于样品的前处理等问题使得测定结果的准确度较差。本文建立了应用元素分析仪测定铅锌矿中的高含量硫(1.0%~32.0%)的分析方法。将样品磨制成粒度小于0.075 mm的粉末,样品制备时加入高纯二氧化硅作为稀释剂以降低铅锌矿的含硫量,仪器测量时加入线状氧化铜作为添加剂以提高硫的氧化效果,优先选用与实际测定样品相同性质的铅锌矿国家标准物质GBW07287(硫的标准值为10.76%)建立标准曲线以减小基体效应。方法精密度(RSD,n=12)小于1%,实际样品分析的测定值与重量法的相对误差小于1%。本方法比化学分析方法的操作简单,几乎没有干扰;比湿法仪器分析方法的样品前处理步骤少,待测元素硫的损失少,测定结果可靠度高。 相似文献
129.
Silica stromatolites occur in a number of modern hydrothermal environments, but their formation in caves is very rare. The silica stromatolitic speleothems of the Branca Opala cave (Terceira Island, Azores), however, provide an excellent opportunity for their study. These formations may be analogous to ancient silica stromatolites seen around the world. Petrographic, mineralogical and geochemical analyses were undertaken on the silica speleothems of the above cave, and on the silica‐tufa deposits outside it, with the aim of understanding their genesis. The possible hydrothermal origin of their silica is discussed. X‐ray diffraction analyses showed opal‐A to be the sole silica phase. Negligible ordering of this opal‐A showed ageing to be insignificant, as expected for recent silica deposits. Most of the silica speleothems examined were definable as sub‐aquatic opaline stromatolites that are not currently growing. Optical microscopy clearly revealed a lower microlaminated, an intermediate and an upper microlaminated zone within the stromatolites. Stromatolite types (I, II and III) were classified with respect to their internal structure and distribution throughout the cave. Scanning electron microscopy showed silicified bacterial filaments within the stromatolites, the silicified plant remains and the silica‐tufa deposits. Bacteria therefore played a major role in the precipitation of the opal‐A. Plasma emission/mass spectrometry showed major, minor and rare earth elements to be present in only small quantities. The rare earth elements were mainly hosted within volcanic grains. Rapid silica precipitation from highly super‐saturated water would explain the intense silicification of the plant remains found inside and outside the cave. The opaline stromatolites, the silica‐tufa deposits and the above‐mentioned intense general silicification suggest a local hydrothermal source for the silica. Indeed, these deposits strongly resemble plant‐rich silica sinter associated with low‐temperature hot spring deposits that include bacterial filaments. However, no geochemical signals that might indicate a hydrothermal origin could be found. 相似文献
130.