Structures and antiviral activities of butyrolactone derivatives isolated from Aspergillus terreus MXH-23

A new butyrolactone derivative, namely butyrolactone VIII(1), and six known butyrolactones(2-7) were separated from the ethyl acetate(Et OAc) extract of the fermentation broth of a fungus, Aspergillus terreus MXH-23. The chemical structures of these metabolites were identified by analyzing their nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) and mass spectrometry(MS). Known butyrolactone derivatives contain an α,β-unsaturated γ-lactone ring with α-hydroxyl and γ-benzyl, and butyrolactone VIII(1) was the first butyrolactones contains α-benzyl and γ-hydroxyl on α,β-unsaturated lactone ring. All of the butyrolactone derivatives were tested for their anti-influenza(H1N1) effects. Derivatives 4 and 7 showed moderate antiviral activities while the newly-identified, derivative 1, did not.     

Secondary metabolites of a deep sea derived fungus Aspergillus versicolor CXCTD-06-6a and their bioactivity

In order to obtain novel secondary metabolites, a deep sea inhabiting fungus Aspergillus versicolor CXCTD-06-6a was investigated. One new diketopiperazine brevianamide W(1a), as well as five known diketopiperazine alkaloids, diketopiperazine V(1b), brevianamide Q(2), brevianamide R(3), brevianamide K(4), and brevianamide E(5), were isolated from the Et OAc extract of the fermentation broth. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopy techniques(NMR, MS). The six compounds exhibited moderate radical scavenging activity against DPPH with clearance ratio of 55.0%(1a and 1b), 53.7%(2), 46.2%(3), 61.4%(4) and 19.3%(5) at a concentration of 13.9 μmol L-1, respectively; while the positive control ascorbic acid showed a ratio of 70.3% at the concentration of 28.4 μmol L-1.     

一株海绵共附生真菌Pleosporaceae sp.中甾体类化合物及其生物活性

在生物活性测定指导下,综合运用硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析以及半制备HPLC等方法,从南海海绵Xestospongiatestudinaria来源的一株共附生真菌Pleosporaceae sp.发酵液的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离鉴定出5个甾体类化物,通过NMR,MS等波谱技术鉴定其结构分别为:(22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxy-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(1),(22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxy-ergosta-6,9,22-trien-3β-ol(2),(22E)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol(3),ergosta-6α-hydroxy-4,22-dien-3-one(4),(22E)-5α-cholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol(5)。这些化合物均为首次从Pleosporaceae属真菌中分离获得。化合物1,4和5具有较强的卤虫Ar-temia salina致死活性,化合物1还显示强的抗藤壶Balanus amphitrite附着活性,其EC50为0.85μg/mL。     

产自两株海洋真菌的三种鞘脂类的结构测定

3种鞘脂类代谢产物N-2’-羟基十六碳酰基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-9-甲基-4E,8E-十八碳二烯-1-醇(A)、N-2’-羟基-3’E-十八碳烯酰基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-9-甲基-4E,8E-十八碳二烯-1-醇(B)和N-十六碳酰基二氢鞘氨醇(C)分别产生于来源于中国南海的2株海洋真菌(菌株编号为1924和3893),通过2DNMR、MS等方法测定了它们的结构。这是首次从南海红树内生真菌分离得到的3种鞘脂类代谢产物。     

Fungal Invasion of Massive Corals

Abstract. Five species of corals from the Andaman Islands in the Bay of Bengal (Indian Ocean) have been regularly found to have single or multiple necrotic patches. The occurrence of such corals with necrotic patches varied from 10–50% in the field. Sections revealed a septate dark brown mycelial fungus on the surface and subsurface of the dead patches in five coral species. The fungus was isolated in culture and identified as Scolecobasidium sp.
The fungus formed a distinct dense brown to black zone of 0.5-1.5 cm width immediately below the surface of the corals. In terms of biomass, the fungus was estimated to contribute 3–5 mg cm ^-3 of coral skeleton.     

南海红树林内生真菌1356~#代谢产物的研究

从南海红树林内生真菌1356#分离出两种鞘胺醇(A,B)和三种环二肽(C,D,E)?它们的结构通过IR,MS,1D NMR和2D NMR谱推导出来?(3＇E,4E)-1-(-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3-羟基-2-(2＇-羟基十八碳酰基)氨基-10-甲基-3＇,4,9-十八碳三烯(A)是一种新的鞘胺醇甙?     

抗真菌药物对远海梭子蟹离体胚胎（卵）孵化及幼体培育的影响

分别添加孔雀石绿，亚甲基蓝，制霉菌素，达克宁，里劳素等抗真菌药，进行远海梭子蟹离体卵孵化，并对孵化出的蟹幼体进行人工培育至幼蟹，结果发现，孔雀石绿孵化率最高。里劳素SaoI 24h存活率最高，0．2mg/dm^3浓度孔雀石绿孵化率达16％。0．1mg/dm^3里劳素Sao I24h存活率达7．2％，在24．5－27．5度下，从Sao状幼体至大眼幼体为12d，存活率为51．3％，从大眼幼体至第一期幼蟹需4d,存活率为17．3％。     

海洋真菌Neosartorya fischeri 1008F1的次级代谢产物抑菌及抗肿瘤活性的研究

通过抑菌及抗肿瘤活性实验,明确海洋真菌Neosartorya fischeri 1008F1次级代谢产物中的活性有效组分。应用对峙培养法和生长速率法,对菌株的抑菌活性进行测定。应用MTT法,对菌株的抗肿瘤活性进行测定。应用凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)柱层析的方法,对菌株发酵产物的提取物进行分离。结果发现,海洋真菌Neosartorya fischeri 1008F1的水溶性提取物对番茄早疫菌(Alternaria solani)具有一定的抑制活性。菌株的粗提物浸膏经Sephadex LH-20柱梯度洗脱后,得到的组分B、C、D、E和F。在0.5 g/L的供试浓度下,组分B、C和D对胃癌细胞SGC-7901的抑制率均高于80%,而组分B、C、D、E和F对肝癌细胞BEL-7404的抑制率均高于70%。     

Chemical profile of the secondary metabolites produced by a deep-sea sediment-derived fungus Penicillium commune SD-118

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract from Penicillium commune SD-118, a fungus obtained from a deep-sea sediment sample, resulted in the isolation of a known antibacterial compound, xanthocillin X (1), and 14 other known compounds comprising three steroids (2-4), two ceramides (5 and 6), six aromatic compounds (7-12), and three alkaloids (13-15). Xanthocillin X (1) was isolated for the first time from a marine fungus. In the bioassay, xanthocillin X (1) displayed remarkable antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and significant cytotoxicity against MCF-7, HepG2, H460, Hela, Du145, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Meleagrin (15) exhibited cytotoxicity against HepG2, Hela, Du145, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. This is the first report of the cytotoxicity of xanthocillin X (1).     

抗性真菌对Pb2+、Zn2+和Cu2+的吸附特性研究

从铜陵市某矿区土壤中筛选出1株对重金属Pb2+、Zn2+和Cu2+具有抗性的真菌,命名为TL-3。以TL-3为实验菌株,在不同pH值、不同金属离子初始浓度、不同菌体量以及不同吸附时间条件下对Pb2+、Zn2+和Cu2+进行吸附实验,研究其吸附特性与对不同金属离子的吸附能力。结果表明,TL-3对Pb2+、Zn2+和Cu2+的最佳pH值为5.0。在最佳条件下,吸附量在Pb2+,Zn2+和Cu2+的初始浓度分别为200mg/L、300mg/L和200mg/L达到最大,分别为20.61mg/g,23.17mg/g和17.46mg/g。TL-3对三种重金属的吸附均在20h达到吸附平衡。