油气差异泵吸作用机理探讨——以泌阳凹陷为例

通过对泌阳凹陷油气成藏过程的系统研究,发现在差异抬升过程中,深凹源岩区抬升幅度小,凹陷四周圈闭发育区抬升幅度大,差异抬升运动导致源岩和圈闭之间的势能差急剧增大,从而促使油气大规模沿砂体向圈闭充注,这一过程类似于水泵抽水的过程,据此,文中提出了油气泵吸作用和油气差异泵吸作用的概念及机理,并以泌阳凹陷为例讨论了油气差异泵吸作用的形成条件、主要影响因素及油气差异泵吸作用对油气差异分布的控制作用。研究表明:影响油气差异泵吸作用的因素主要有势能梯度、通道质量和泵源配置及油气运移距离;泌阳凹陷油气分布总体上受成藏运聚系统的控制,在各运聚系统内油气分布受油气差异泵吸作用的控制,其中势能梯度、泵源配置及油气运移距离是影响油气差异分布的主要因素,而在每一个大泵(复合泵)内部,通道质量差异是影响油气差异分布的主要因素。     

Inversion of receiver function by wavelet transformation

Introduction Receiver function has been extensively applied in studying S wave velocity of crust and up-per mantle for about 20 years (Owens, et al, 1987; LIU, et al, 1996), which is a time series ob-tained by the deconvolution of vertical component from horizontal component for teleseismic P waveform. Receiver function represents the teleseismic P plane wave response of crust and upper mantle beneath seismic station, from which the source and propagation effects are removed. Receiver funct…     

Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption

Mount Nemrut, an active stratovolcano in eastern Turkey, is a great danger for its vicinity. The volcano possesses a summit caldera which cuts the volcano into two stages, i.e. pre- and post-caldera. Wisps of smoke and hot springs are to be found within the caldera. Although the last recorded volcanic activity is known to have been in 1441, we consider here that the last eruption of Nemrut occurred more recently, probably just before 1597. The present active tectonic regime, historical eruptions, occurrence of mantle-derived magmatic gases and the fumarole and hot spring activities on the caldera floor make Nemrut Volcano a real danger for its vicinity. According to the volcanological past of Nemrut, the styles of expected eruptions are well-focused on two types: (1) occurrence of water within the caldera leads to phreatomagmatic (highly energetic) eruptions, subsequently followed by lava extrusions, and (2) effusions–extrusions (non-explosive or weakly energetic eruptions) on the flanks from fissures. To predict the impact area of future eruptions, a series of morphological analyses based on field observations, Digital Elevation Model and satellite images were realized. Twenty-two valleys (main transport pathways) were classified according to their importance, and the physical parameters related to the valleys were determined. The slope values in each point of the flanks and the Heim parameters H/L were calculated. In the light of morphological analysis the possible impact areas around the volcano and danger zones were proposed. The possible transport pathways of the products of expected volcanic events are unified in three main directions: Bitlis, Guroymak, Tatvan and Ahlat cities, the about 135 000 inhabitants of which could be threatened by future eruptions of this poorly known and unsurveyed volcano.     

添加剂对土体的加固作用及冻胀防治研究

将研制的高分子有机材料作为添加剂，加入到土体中，经过拌和夯实、干燥固结，能够起到稳定和提高土体的强度，并具有低渗透和低吸水等特性．冻胀试验表明：加入添加剂不仅能阻止土体冻胀的产生、外来水源的入侵及水分的迁移，还能隔断土体孔隙之间的联系，使水分在土体孔隙中不能运移，从而达到了防治冻胀的目的。     

大兴安岭阿龙山地区流纹岩风化的地球化学特征

通过大兴安岭地区两个流纹岩风化剖面的研究发现，大兴安岭地区的岩石风化过程具有特殊性。风化过程分为两个阶段，即以化学风化为主导的基质风化阶段和以机械风化为主导的斑晶风化阶段，第二阶段显示出与正常风化剖面相反的风化趋势。低温和长冬使第二风化阶段延长，并呈现逆风化趋势。风化过程中Fe和Al始终处于流失状态。上述特征的产生是由原岩的结构及成分、气候因素和生态系统等多种因素作用的结果。     

变参考慢度Born近似傅氏偏移

针对常规Born近似傅氏偏移方法对于剧烈横向变速介质不能精确成像的状况而提出了变参考慢度Born近似傅氏偏移，理论上解决了任意速度变化地质模型的偏移成像问题。此外，为进一步提高复杂地层的成像精度和波场延拓算子的稳定性，对散射波场的计算公式作了改进。将改进的方法运用于盐丘模型的正演和偏移试验，并与常规Born近似偏移方法相比较，可明显看出变参考慢度Born近似傅氏偏移方法在效果上要优于后者，其处理速度横向变化的能力大大增强。     

冠县引黄井渠结合灌区机井建设浅议

针对目前冠县引黄井渠结合灌区机井建设发展中主要存在机井发展不平衡、机井退化、老化、成井质量差等问题，因地制宜，提出了今后灌区发展机井建设的具体措施。     

山西五台县水泉湾泉和李家庄泉的成因分析

本文主要根据水泉湾泉和李家庄泉泉域的地质和水文地质资料，分析了本区内岩溶的发育特征和岩溶地下水的循环规律．研究分析了水泉湾泉和李家庄泉的形成原因。     

南沙海域第三纪生物礁层序构成和演化

南沙海域第三纪盆地生物礁油气藏勘探具有巨大的潜力。作者运用层序地层学原理精细解剖不同体系域的生物礁内部构成,建立了高精度的生物礁礁层序地层格架,并逐层进行回剥分析,表明第三系充填沉积为四幕伸展裂陷过程,进而揭示盆地生物礁层序的动态发育过程及不同时期南沙海域含油气盆地的发育状态。