电镀PDC石油全面钻头及其在油气田中的应用

采用低温电镀工艺生产ＰＤＣ石油全面钻头对金刚石无任何热损伤，对喷咀进行组合设计，在两口井中进行试验，取得了很好的经济效益和社会效益，并分析了钻头的特点及存在的问题。     

灰色预测模型在径流长期预报中的应用

基于灰色系统的建模理论，利用河西地区有关河流的径流观测资料，建立了一个ＧＭ（１，１）残差序列周期修正径流预测模型，并用于春旱缺水期３～６月河流来水量的长期预报，经生产部门验证，准确率在８０％以上     

波,流联合作用下的近岸海底沙波稳定性研究进展

近岸海底大型沙波是一种研究较为薄弱的地貌单元，但它的迁移对港口、航道和海底电缆及钻井平台、输油管道等海洋工程设施建设造成的危害极大。在综述目前国内外有关研究文献的基础上，概要地介绍了作者提出的一种较为简便、省力和有效的沙波迁移速率和沙波稳定性定量评价和预测方法，旨在提高航道通航能力和海洋工程建设的灾害防治和预测能力     

酸性污染物欧拉型输送转化模式的研究

数值模式是研究酸性污染及其长距离输送特性的一种重要方法。７０年代以来，国内外发展了许多欧拉型的输送转化模式，我国在欧拉型酸性污染物长距离输送模式的研究中也取得了重要进展。主要介绍了国内外的欧拉酸性污染物输送转化模式，并就模式的发展方向进行了讨论。     

Effet du vieillissement des céramiques poreuses sur leur capacité à évaluer la concentration de pesticide en solution

The soil solution sampling by ceramic cups allows pesticide transfer monitoring in the soil during long times. The ageing of material involves a bias in the sampling results. In laboratory, the comparison of two types of ceramic suction cups, new and installed in situ during four years, shows a modification of the hydrodynamic properties and a possible evolution of the adsorption capacity of the matrix. The passage rate, as well qualitative as quantitative, is better for the old material. Recommendations about site management are finally exposed. To cite this article: N. Domange et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).     

基于数据融合的侧扫声纳图像预处理

论述了基于数据融合的侧扫声纳图像处理的特殊过程。根据现代侧扫声纳系统的特点，提出了利用声线跟踪法进行斜距改正，同时对目标阴影区进行了处理；对文献[1]的灰度不均衡的改正算法进行了改进。利用小波变换检测出灰度突变区，根据剔除突变区后计算的灰度改正系数进行航向上的灰度改正，并用模拟数据和实际数据进行了验证；鉴于波束展宽效应对远场目标造成的拖尾效应，论述了对拖尾效应使用的去卷积的改正算法。     

Effect of suction on the mechanical behaviour of iron ore rock

The effect of suction on the behaviour of iron ore has been studied from both physical and mechanical points of view. The porosity and the suction phenomena have been analysed using different experimental techniques. Uniaxial compressive tests on partially saturated samples have shown that the suction is responsible for strength and cohesion improvement. Considering the theory of partially saturated porous soils of Coussy and Dangla (Mécanique des sols non saturés (2002 edn). Hermès Science: 2002; 390), we have proposed a constitutive law for partially saturated iron ore. The real increase in the apparent cohesion due to the capillary attraction forces is overestimated if the yield function is written in terms of effective stresses. The effect of the capillary cohesion has been modelled with a function in the expression of the apparent cohesion of the yield function. The effect of suction on the mechanical behaviour has been represented in the effective stresses space and in the total stresses space like the Alonso model (Géotechnique 1990; 40 :405–430). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Low-order stabilized finite element for the full Biot formulation in soil mechanics at finite strain

This article presents a novel finite element formulation for the Biot equation using low-order elements. Additionally, an extra degree of freedom is introduced to treat the volumetric locking steaming from the effective response of the medium; its balance equation is also stabilized. The accuracy of the proposed formulation is demonstrated by means of numerical analyses.     

A smoothed cap model for variably saturated soils and its robust numerical implementation

This paper deals with the numerical implementation of a cap model for unsaturated soils. It provides a brief review of existing cap model approaches, based on which an improved model formulated in terms of generalised effective stress and matric suction is derived and described in detail. Although the proposed model is a multisurface plasticity model, it can efficiently be implemented using only single‐surface projections because of the smoothness of the model, which is obtained by construction. Numerical algorithms are provided for these single‐surface stress projections, using a single‐equation approach whenever possible. The robustness of the utilised single‐equation approaches is enhanced by proposing problem‐fitted start‐up procedures based on investigations of the nonlinear projection equations. A comparison of the model response with extensive material test data is used to validate the model and to demonstrate the robust application of the approach to silty sands and low to medium plasticity clays. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.