山东省肥城断块岩溶水系统地下水水化学特征及演化分析

地下水是肥城地区最主要的供水水源,近年来受到工农业生产、煤矿开采、闭坑、矿井排水等人类活动影响,肥城地区地下水动力场及化学场都发生了变化,为查明地下水的环境质量状况,文章在研究水文地质调查和样品采集分析基础上,综合运用数理统计方法、水化学方法（Piper三线图、Gibbs模型、矿物饱和指数、离子比例分析）等,探讨肥城断块地下水水化学特征及演化规律。结果表明：（1）研究区地下水均呈弱碱性,$ {\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}}^{2+} $、$ {\mathrm{M}\mathrm{g}}^{2+} $、$ {{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{O}}_{3}}^{-} $和$ {\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}^{2-} $为主要离子,主要来源于方解石、白云石及石膏溶解;矿物饱和指数表明方解石和白云石绝大多数处于饱和状态,石膏和岩盐矿物呈溶解未饱和状态。（2）区内岩溶水化学类型主要为$ {\mathrm{H}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{O}}_{3}-\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}\left(\mathrm{M}\mathrm{g}\right) $型,其次为$ {\mathrm{H}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{O}}_{3}·{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}-\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a} $型和$ {\mathrm{H}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{O}}_{3}·\mathrm{C}\mathrm{l}-\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a} $型。孔隙水主要为$ {\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}·{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{O}}_{3}-\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a} $型、局部出现$ {\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}{·\mathrm{N}\mathrm{O}}_{3}-\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a} $型。河流水化学类型相对复杂,包括$ {\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}·{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{O}}_{3}-\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}·\mathrm{N}\mathrm{a} $型、$ \mathrm{C}\mathrm{l}·{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}-\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}·\mathrm{N}\mathrm{a} $型等。（3）区内地下水中$ {\mathrm{C}\mathrm{l}}^{-} $、$ {\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}^{2-} $和$ {\mathrm{N}\mathrm{O}}_{3}^{-} $含量相比1999年、2013年显著升高。裂隙水及岩溶水水质整体较好,局部呈点状变差,孔隙水及河水水质普遍较差,影响区域地下水水质的主要因素有化肥施用、禽畜养殖、生活污水下渗以及煤矿排水等。     

松潘地区岩金统计成矿予测中泛克立格法的应用

川西北地区是国内重要的岩金普查靶区。本文对松潘地区的地质特征,泛克立格法原理,及在本区的应用情况作了介绍,对主要计算步骤,给出基本结果,对计算获得的有意义异常区,进行地质解释,并将此方法与趋势面分析进行对比。     

柴达木盆地东部地区石炭系泥页岩生烃条件及选区

柴达木盆地石炭系露头、钻井资料均揭示,其为海相沉积烃源岩,且石炭系泥页岩气展现出良好的勘探前景。对柴达木盆地东部石炭系泥页岩沉积环境、有机质丰度、类型和演化程度进行综合评价,利用野外露头、探井、地震、非震等资料证实了石炭系的残留及分布。研究认为,柴东地区石炭系泥页岩主要集中在上石炭统滨岸潮坪沉积的克鲁克组,发育炭质泥页岩、暗色泥岩2种烃源岩,有机碳均值为3.08%,有机质类型为Ⅱ-Ⅲ型,处于成熟-高成熟演化阶段,73%的样品达到中等-好烃源岩。平面上主要分布于尕丘、欧南、霍布逊和德令哈凹陷,分隔性较强,具有多个厚度中心,其中以欧南凹陷石灰沟地区和霍布逊凹陷落实程度高、资源潜力大,是泥页岩气最有利的发育区。     

Fermat猜想的两个等价命题

对每个奇素数p,我们提出了关于p的两个命题:(I)不存在正整数m和n,使代数曲线f(y)=y~3-(2m+1)y-2n的三个零点同时为p方有理整数;(I)不存在正整数m,使不定方程x~2+3y~2=4(2m+1)具有三组正整数解x_i,y_i(i=1,2,3),满足x_1=x_2+x_3,x_1~2+x_2~2+x_3~2=6(2m+1)。本文旨在证明(I)及(I)都与关于素数p的Fermat猜想等价。     

Fault structures and their geoelectric parameters in the epicentral zone of the 27 September 2003 Chuya earthquake (Gorny Altai) from resistivity data

This paper presents an integrated measurement technique based on DC methods (vertical electrical sounding, electrical resistivity tomography) which was used to identify faults and determine their geoelectric parameters in the western part of the Chuya basin. New information on the structure of the Chagan River valley located in the zone of the disastrous 27 September 2003 Chuya earthquake has been obtained from the results of these methods. Geoelectric cross-sections of the sedimentary sequence and the upper part of the basement were obtained from VES data, showing the block structure of the study area. Electrical resistivity tomography sections confirm the presence of a major fault between basement blocks of different heights and indicate the presence of faults bounding the valley on its right side and in the southwestern part.     

1951—2008年北京极端天气事件分析

采用湖南14个地市州所在地国家气象站1980—2013年逐分钟降雨资料, 分别利用模糊识别法、芝加哥法、Pilgrim & cordery法及同频率法对各地短历时60 min、90 min、120 min、150 min、180 min以5 min为单位时段的暴雨雨型进行了识别和推求, 结果表明:推求的各地暴雨雨型基本以峰值在前部的单峰型为主; 芝加哥、Pilgrim & cordery计算的峰值、强度相当, 推求的各历时暴雨雨型基本一致, 也更接近实际, 同频率法相对来说效果较差些。

     

Engaging Diasporas for Development: a case study of Pitcairn Island

Diaspora engagement is a growing trend and many governments, international organisations and policy makers are increasingly focusing on the role of diaspora in development strategies for the homelands. Such policies are predominantly critical to island-dense regions such as the Caribbean and Pacific that have suffered high rates of outmigration during the postcolonial period. One such Pacific island is Pitcairn, a British Overseas Territory, and is the focus of this article. But while most of the literature focuses on the positive benefits of diaspora engagement, this paper examines the dynamics of diaspora (dis)engagement and (dis)affection. Each diaspora has a unique set of needs and capabilities based on its historical experience and the present realities of its countries of origin and destination. While much has been written celebrating the role of diasporas in development, diaspora have also shown themselves to have dual natures, with sometimes conflicting identities and allegiances. Based on analysis of a recent Pitcairn Diaspora Survey and ethnographic data, discussion in this paper reveals that the best intentions of engaging diaspora for development can be impeded by several factors including: (1) the complex nature of identity, place and politics; (2) difficult negotiations between past, present and future intentions of movers; and (3) shifting ‘roots/routes’ and boundaries of identification. Consequently, the paper aims to highlight the realities of settlement and relationships of diaspora space and subjectivity with the homeland.     

Word2003文档中插入AutoCAD2004图形的三种方法

对于测绘技术人员来说,需要编写设计书、技术总结、监测方案等测绘类文档。利用Word2003自带的绘图工具,远远不能满足要求。介绍了“利用复制＋粘贴工具”、“转换图像格式”、“使用插入对象”三种方式在Word2003文档中插入AutoCAD2004图形的三种方法,     

Evolution of the north flank of Tenerife by recurrent giant landslides

Geomorphologic analysis of submarine and subaerial surface features using a combined topographic/bathymetric digital elevation model coupled with onshore geological and geophysical data constrain the age and geometry of giant landslides affecting the north flank of Tenerife. Shaded relief and contour maps, and topographic profiles of the submarine north flank, permit the identification of two generations of post-shield landslides. Older landslide materials accumulated near the shore (<40-km) and comprise 700 km³ of debris. Thickening towards a prominent axis suggests one major landslide deposit. Younger landslide materials accumulated 40–70 km offshore and comprise the products of three major landslides: the La Orotava landslide complex, the Icod landslide and the East Dorsal landslide complex, each with an onshore scar, a proximal submarine trough, and a distal deposit lobe. Estimated lobe volumes are 80, 80 and 100 km³, respectively. The old post-shield landslide scar is an amphitheatre, 20–25 km wide, partly submarine, now completely filled with younger materials. Age–width relationships for Tenerife's coastal platform plus onshore geological constraints suggest an age of ca. 3 Ma for the old collapse. Young landslides are all less than 560 ka old. The La Orotava and Icod slides involved failures of slabs of subaerial flank to form the subaerial La Orotava and Icod valleys. Offshore, they excavated troughs by sudden loading and basal erosion of older slide debris. The onshore East Dorsal slide also triggered secondary failure of older debris offshore. The slab-like geometry of young failures was controlled by weak layers, deep drainage channels and flank truncation by marine erosion. The (partly) submarine geometry of the older amphitheatre reflects the absence of these features. Relatively low H/L ratios for the young slides are attributed to filling of the slope break at the base of the submarine edifice by old landslide materials, low aspect ratios of the failed slabs and channelling within troughs. Post-shield landslides on Tenerife correlate with major falls in sea level, reflecting increased rates of volcanism and coastal erosion, and reduced support for the flank. Landslide head zones have strongly influenced the pattern of volcanism on Tenerife, providing sites for major volcanic centres.     

2017年洞庭湖特大洪水分析

2017年6月22日至7月1日,湖南省大部分地区发生了持续性强降雨过程。暴雨在湘水、资江、沅水及洞庭湖区来回摆动,三水(湘、资、沅)及湖区周边洪水接近于同时入湖,造成了洞庭湖历史罕见的特大洪水,入湖洪峰出湖洪峰均为1954年以来最大。