三峡蓄水后典型河段分形维数的变化分析

针对三峡工程蓄水后下游河道河床表面形态的变化,采用分形维数对河床表面形态进行量化,并分析河道冲淤调整特点,对河床表面分形维数(BSD)的变化特点及物理意义进行探讨。结果表明,BSD与河床各个剖面形态之间的关系是整体与部分的关系,BSD能全面地反映床面形态的复杂程度。三峡蓄水后,宜昌-虎牙滩和宜都河段BSD明显增大,关洲河段增大幅度较小,而芦家河河段BSD值略有减小,同时,各河段BSD的变化可在一定程度上表征三峡蓄水后下游河道河床综合阻力的调整结果。可通过对各河段演变趋势的分析,来预测其BSD的变化,进而为分析其阻力和水位的变化趋势提供依据。     

论构造成矿规律及其动力学机制

本文在简述构造成矿学概念的演进之后.着重论述了构造成矿的对称性、等距性、递变性和侧向迁聚性等规律,对构造成矿的动力机制进行了初步分析.作者指出.构造动力成矿作用,是构造应力场、构造地球牾场和构造地球化学场的综合作用;构造成矿过程,是构造运动和成矿物质运动的全过程:是一种不断存在物质交换和能量交换的开放体系中的不可逆过程.构造动力作用能促使成矿元素活化.驱动含矿溶液运移.改变成矿的物理化学条件,导致成矿物质聚集.构造成矿动力学机制的研究.是构造成矿学的关键问題.随着构造成矿学研究的深入发展.逐渐形成了构造成矿学的基础理沦系统.     

φ73 mm×5 mm薄壁摩擦焊绳索取心钻杆的研制

介绍了国内绳索取心钻杆和摩擦焊技术的现状。通过对3种深孔绳索取心钻杆连接结构和生产过程的对比,分析了薄壁摩擦焊绳索取心钻杆用于深孔钻探的优势。介绍了φ73 mm×5 mm薄壁摩擦焊绳索取心钻杆的结构设计和加工过程,提出了焊接过程的主要技术问题和注意事项。通过拉力扭矩试验得出钻杆主要技术参数,能承受的最大拉力580 kN,最大扭矩5500 N·m,建议使用深度2000～3000 m。     

Elastic-plastic analysis for pile-anchor supporting system of deep foundation pit

By using numerical analysis methods to simulate the deep excavation, a lot of analyses are established on the basis of two-dimensional plane strain, ignoring the fact that foundation pit possesses three dimensions. For soil constitutive relation, people always take linear and nonlinear model, without considering the plastic behavior of soil. Using plastic-elastic hardening model to simulate constitutive relation of soil characteristics, the authors carried out mechanical analysis for pit excavation and support. The results show that the analysis for the stress state of pile anchor system is an effective way which provides theoretical basis for calculation of soil displacement.     

八家子银多金融矿矿田成矿规律与成矿预测

八家子矿田由NW、NE向两组断裂带与孤形推覆构造交织，控制构成银铅锌、银铁矿床成矿系列，基成矿组份具有组合分带特征。预测东山－冰沟银、铅、锌、炉沟钼和冰沟里银多金属找矿区，经验证，获得找矿成效。     

Probabilistic aftershock hazard assessment II: application of strong ground motion simulations

Probabilistic aftershock hazard assessment (PAHA) has been introduced by Wiemer (Geophys Res Lett 27:3405–3408, 2000). The method, in its original form, utilizes attenuation relations in evaluating peak ground velocity (PGV) exceedence probability. We substitute the attenuation relations together with their uncertainties by strong ground motion simulations for a set of scenarios. The main advantage of such an approach is that the simulations account for specific details of the aftershock source effects (faulting style, slip distribution, position of the nucleation point, etc.). Mean PGVs and their standard deviations are retrieved from the simulation results obtained by the new hybrid k-squared source model, and they are used for the PAHA analysis at a station under study. The model chosen for the testing purposes is inspired by the Izmit A25 aftershock (M _w  = 5.8) that occurred 26 days after the mainshock. The PAHA maps are compared with (1) those obtained by the use of attenuation relations and (2) the peak values of ten selected strong-motion recordings written by the aftershock at epicentral distances <50 km. We conclude that, although the overall hazard decay with increasing fault distance is similar, the PAHA maps obtained by the use of simulations exhibit remanent radiation pattern effect and prolongation in the strike direction due to the directivity effect pronounced for some of the scenarios. As regard the comparison with real data, we conclude that the PAHA maps agree with observed peak values due to appropriate attenuation model adopted in the analysis.     

作为CAS的复杂城市地理系统的SOC性质

将城市作为复杂适应性系统(CAS)研究其自组织临界性(SOC)具有重要的理论意义和实践价值,这方面的探索工作刚刚开始。本文从城市的地理空间角度出发,论证城市是一种复杂适应性系统。城市在本质上是不可还原的,我们可以根据积木的机制将城市分解,但分解的结果对解释城市的复杂行为丝毫没有帮助。由于城市和城市体系都具有分形结构、服从Z ipf定律,且具有1/f噪声的特征,由此判断城市地理系统具有自组织临界性质。自组织临界性与复杂性适应性立论的视角不同,但可以统一于“混沌的边缘”这一概念。     

The Myth of Location Privacy in the United States: Surveyed Attitude Versus Current Practices

In the United States, legal steps have been taken to protect personal privacy, which is viewed as an individual's fundamental right. Location privacy (i.e., protection of personal and location information), however, has not received equal attention in the legal system. Given the recent popularity of location-based services (e.g., cell phones), it is possible to obtain an individual's location information easily and precisely. An investigation of public perception of privacy in the United States indicated that survey responders (1) were unaware of legal implications of location privacy violation and (2) believed that there should be location privacy protection similar to that provided by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act and the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act.     

外大陆架划界信息系统中数据交换方法

采用VB.NET作为开发工具,ArcGIS Engine作为开发平台,进行外大陆架划界的数据交换研究,所开发的程序能够实现图元和文件层次的交换。该方法的研究对于我国外大陆架的划界有着非常重要的参考作用。