“智慧利民”数字开发区建设及实际应用

＂数字开发区＂的理念就是把开发区作为一个生态系统,其中的居民、交通、能源、商业、通信、水资源等构成一个整体,各部分相互联系、彼此影响。本文简要介绍了＂智慧利民＂数字开发区建设及实际应用情况。     

Burrowing and burying by the crab Macrophthalmus hirtipes

Macrophthalmus hirtipes (Jacquinot, 1853) excavates burrows under water in soft, muddy sand that remains waterlogged at low tide. The crabs are immersed for at least 4 h in every tide. The burrows are usually single, blind‐ending, slightly curved passages; their openings do not appear to be deliberately closed by the crabs. Excavation is effected by using one set of walking legs as a scoop while the other set provides sideways traction.

Burrow openings are readily obscured by water movement, so that apparent burrow density does not give a true indication of the number of crabs in an area, but only indicates how many have been active recently; the true density may be found by sieving.

The burrowing activity of M. hirtipes is compared with that of other ocypodid crabs, and the functions of burrows are discussed. A distinction is made between excavating a burrow and rapid burying, because the two behaviours are very different, and must involve different adaptations and selection pressures.     

Floribec: The life and death of a tourism-based transnational community

The authors outline how a tourist destination can morph into a tourism-based transnational community. A three-phase model is designed to explore the touristification process of a transnational community. The phases are the adoption of a tourist destination, the transformation of the destination into a tourism-based transnational community, and decline under real estate and ageing population pressures.     

基于分形几何理论的DFN模型构建方法研究

以重庆梁-忠（梁平县-忠县）高速公路礼让隧道为工程研究背景,通过测线法调查现场节理,获得了节理产状分布概率密度函数,并从分形几何学的角度分析了节理间距及迹长的分形分布规律,推导出能反映节理间距及迹长分布状态的分形维数D及分形分布概率密度函数。在该基础上采用Matlab软件以及Monte-Carlo随机分析方法,产生节理参数随机数,结合3DEC中最新模块离散裂隙网络(DFN)技术,建立了能反映节理裂隙分布特征的离散裂隙网络模型并验证了模型的有效性,结果表明,分形分布比负指数分布包含更多的间距、迹长分布信息,更接近于实际分布;分形维数D反映了节理间距、迹长在其变化范围内的分布特征,分形维数的大小取决于小间距、小迹长部分数量在总节理数量中的比例,为节理裂隙岩体网络模型构建提供了一种新方法。     

Living with floods: victims' perceptions in Beijiang, Guangdong, China

This study revealed the collective values of the flood victims in the Beijiang area, Guangdong, China, as a result of a hazardous flood in 1994. The victims were sceptical of large flood-prevention engineering structures. They believed that flooding was unavoidable, but by extending support networks, applying hazard-resistant designs, and developing loss-sharing adjustments the disastrous effects of a flood could be mitigated. Seemingly, victims were prepared to live with floods and adopted functional adjustments to lessen flood impact.     

基于MicroStation V8的地形图更新与质检系统的开发

在MicroStation VBA环境下,对MicroStation V8进行二次开发,实现了一套基于MicroStation V8平台的多比例尺地形图要素更新与质检系统。该文着重阐述了该系统在处理点、线、面、注记、属性、出图效果及质量检查控制等方面的设计。通过二次开发,快速实现了地形图的更新与维护,并有利于质量的控制,符合入库要求。     

海洋灾害地质风险评价在辽东湾浅海油气开发区的应用

基于在辽东湾浅海油田多年调查获取的地质地球物理资料,构建以油气开发区潜在灾害地质类型为基础的灾害地质风险评价指标体系,确定潮流冲刷槽、浅滩、埋藏古河道、易液化砂层、软弱地层和浅层气等6个评价指标,利用层次分析法(AHP)确定各指标的权重值,采用模糊数学评判法对海区灾害地质风险性作定量评价。评价结果划为5级风险区(风险高、较高、中等、较低和低),其中,潮流冲刷槽为本区的高风险区,地势平缓的潮滩为低风险区。评价结果与区内已建海洋工程的评价分析相互印证,对海上工程建设具有实际应用价值。     

新世纪的科技和岩土工程发展

从科技的发展谈论了人才的需求;以三峡工程、青藏铁路、西气东输、南水北调典型工程为例,论述了现代岩土工程与发展;并就21世纪岩土工程研究热点发表了自己的看法。     

基于遥感的呼伦贝尔盟农牧业土地利用变化及其对地区农业持续发展影响的研究

随着人口的增长, 人类活动对土地利用/土地覆盖变化的影响越来越大, “人口-资源-环境”问题越来越突出,因此,土地利用/土地覆盖变化的研究尤为重要。本文利用1986年和1996 年两期陆地卫星TM 数据, 分析探讨了呼伦贝尔盟近十年来农牧业土地利用数量变化及其区域差异,并通过计算耕地重心,分析了近十年来呼伦贝尔盟耕地的空间变化规律, 在此基础上进一步探讨了呼伦贝尔盟农牧业土地利用变化对地区农业持续发展的影响。结果表明： 十年来, 呼伦贝尔盟农牧业土地利用变化很大, 耕地面积大幅度增加,草地与未利用地面积减少;农牧业土地利用变化空间差异非常明显,导致十年来呼伦贝尔盟耕地重心向西北方向移动33.15 km , 耕地生态环境发生了显着变化; 呼伦贝尔盟耕地面积大幅度增加, 对合理开发利用耕地资源, 促进地区农业持续发展起到了积极的作用。     

Heterogeneous surface displacement pattern at the Hatchobaru geothermal field inferred from SAR interferometry time-series

We estimated surface displacements using persistent scatterer SAR interferometry (PS-InSAR) around the Hatchobaru geothermal field, Japan, from 18 ALOS/PALSAR images acquired from July 2007 to December 2010. Generally, geothermal fields, covered with natural targets such as rocky terrain and vegetation, have been one of the difficult targets for PS-InSAR analysis. However, we applied space adaptive filtering to increase the number of pixels for measuring surface displacement. The results of our analysis demonstrate ground subsidence with decaying velocity over the observation period around the geothermal field. The spatial pattern of ground subsidence includes sharp boundaries of subsidence that can be interpreted as fault traces. We demonstrated the usefulness of PS-InSAR analysis with the space adaptive filtering to estimate surface displacements with high spatial resolution and high spatial density around a geothermal field.